《2011年美國(guó)"門戶開(kāi)放報(bào)告》由11月29日?qǐng)?bào)道。
    報(bào)告原文
    2011年11月14日 - 根據(jù)每年由國(guó)際教育協(xié)會(huì)（IIE）與美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院教育及文化局合作發(fā)布的開(kāi)放門戶（Open Doors）報(bào)告，美國(guó)學(xué)院和大學(xué)中的國(guó)際學(xué)生數(shù)量在2010/11學(xué)年增長(zhǎng)了5%，達(dá)到723,277人。這代表著在美國(guó)的國(guó)際學(xué)生數(shù)量達(dá)到一個(gè)創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的高水平。這是開(kāi)放門戶數(shù)據(jù)中的國(guó)際學(xué)生總數(shù)連續(xù)第五年增長(zhǎng)，現(xiàn)在在美國(guó)學(xué)院和大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的國(guó)際學(xué)生比十年前增加了32%。
    來(lái)自中國(guó)的學(xué)生數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)，特別在大學(xué)水平，占去年增長(zhǎng)量的很大一部分。中國(guó)學(xué)生總共增加了23.3%，大學(xué)水平（的學(xué)生）增加了43%。
    “因?yàn)槲覀儗W(xué)院和大學(xué)的卓越性和多樣性，在世界范圍內(nèi)有更多學(xué)生正選擇在美國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)，”助理國(guó)務(wù)卿（R）安?斯托克說(shuō)?！霸趪?guó)外學(xué)習(xí)的年輕人會(huì)獲得為21世紀(jì)的挑戰(zhàn)創(chuàng)造解決方案所必要的全球技能。反過(guò)來(lái)，國(guó)際學(xué)生使我們的院校和社區(qū)全球化?！?BR>    “在吸引來(lái)自全世界的學(xué)生，并使美國(guó)學(xué)生準(zhǔn)備好在一個(gè)越來(lái)越全球化的環(huán)境中取得成功上，我們的高等教育機(jī)構(gòu)繼續(xù)獨(dú)占鰲頭，這是個(gè)正面消息，”國(guó)際教育協(xié)會(huì)總裁兼首席執(zhí)行官艾倫?古德曼說(shuō)?！半p向教育交流進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)了美國(guó)和其他國(guó)家間的商務(wù)和文化聯(lián)系?！?BR>    在美國(guó)入學(xué)的中國(guó)學(xué)生增長(zhǎng)到總共約158,000名學(xué)生，占國(guó)際學(xué)生總?cè)藬?shù)的約22%，使中國(guó)連續(xù)兩年成為輸送（學(xué)生）最多的國(guó)家。來(lái)自印度的學(xué)生，美國(guó)的第二大國(guó)際人群，減少了1%，降到約104,000人。韓國(guó)是第三大的來(lái)源國(guó)，有73,000多人，增加了2%，構(gòu)成總數(shù)的10%。
    這三大輸送國(guó) - 中國(guó)、印度和韓國(guó) - 一起構(gòu)成美國(guó)高等教育國(guó)際（學(xué)生）入學(xué)總數(shù)的將近一半（46%）。加拿大、臺(tái)灣、沙特阿拉伯和日本每國(guó)占國(guó)際學(xué)生總?cè)藬?shù)的約3%到4%，前七位的來(lái)源國(guó)構(gòu)成總數(shù)的約60%。
    大學(xué)水平的國(guó)際（學(xué)生）入學(xué)數(shù)達(dá)到291,439人，增長(zhǎng)了6%。該增長(zhǎng)使大學(xué)水平國(guó)際學(xué)生數(shù)量更加接近研究生水平國(guó)際學(xué)生的數(shù)量296,574人。研究生、大學(xué)水平的國(guó)際學(xué)生比例在過(guò)去十年中有所波動(dòng)。2000年1月，大學(xué)水平的國(guó)際學(xué)生更多，但在2001年2月該情況被逆轉(zhuǎn)，從此之后研究生國(guó)際（學(xué)生）入學(xué)數(shù)一直高于大學(xué)水平。今年，這個(gè)差距有所縮短，與此前一年研究生比大學(xué)生多約20,000人相比，2010年11月研究生只多近5,000人。非學(xué)位項(xiàng)目中的國(guó)際學(xué)生總數(shù)，包括短期項(xiàng)目和英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)，增加了8%，達(dá)到59,000人以上。
    門戶開(kāi)放報(bào)告亮點(diǎn)
    2009年10月美國(guó)最受國(guó)際學(xué)生歡迎的10大研究領(lǐng)域是商務(wù)與管理（總數(shù)的22%），工程學(xué)（19%），數(shù)學(xué)與計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)（9%），自然與生命科學(xué)（9%），社會(huì)科學(xué)（9%），實(shí)用藝術(shù)（5%），衛(wèi)生健康專業(yè)（5%），英語(yǔ)強(qiáng)化（5%），教育（2%），人文（2%）以及農(nóng)業(yè)（1%）。未申報(bào)專業(yè)不包括在頂級(jí)研究領(lǐng)域排名之內(nèi)。
    南加利福尼亞大學(xué)連續(xù)十年成為領(lǐng)先院校，2010年11月有國(guó)際學(xué)生8,615人。伊利諾伊大學(xué)厄巴那 - 香檳分校接待外國(guó)學(xué)生數(shù)量高居第二位（7,991人），紐約大學(xué)緊隨其后，排在第三位（7,988人）。10大中的其他院校是：普渡大學(xué)（7,562人），哥倫比亞大學(xué)（7,297人），加利福尼亞大學(xué) - 洛杉磯分校（6,249人），俄亥俄州立大學(xué)（以6,082人從前一年的第15位上升到前10），密歇根大學(xué) - 安娜堡分校（5,995人），密歇根州立大學(xué)（5,748人），以及哈佛大學(xué)（以5,594人從第14名上升到前10）。
    加利福尼亞仍是最受國(guó)際學(xué)生歡迎的州（96,535人，增加2%），隨后是紐約（78,888人，增加4%），德克薩斯（61,636人，增加5%），馬薩諸塞（38,698，增加10%），伊利諾伊（33,766人，增加9%），賓夕法尼亞（30,507人，增加9%），佛羅里達(dá)（29,719人，保持不變），俄亥俄（24,709人，增加11%），密歇根（24,668人，增加2%），以及印第安那（20,112人，增加8%）。
    關(guān)于美國(guó)"門戶開(kāi)放報(bào)告"
    "開(kāi)放門戶"報(bào)告由國(guó)際教育協(xié)會(huì)（Institute of International Education）發(fā)表，該協(xié)會(huì)是美國(guó)非營(yíng)利性教育和文化交流組織的領(lǐng)軍機(jī)構(gòu)。國(guó)際教育協(xié)會(huì)自1919年以來(lái)，每年都開(kāi)展美國(guó)國(guó)際學(xué)生年度統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)查，自70年代早期開(kāi)始與美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院教育及文化事務(wù)局合作。統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字基于對(duì)美國(guó)約3000所經(jīng)認(rèn)證的接待國(guó)際學(xué)生的學(xué)院調(diào)查得來(lái)。"開(kāi)放門戶"也報(bào)告包括對(duì)美國(guó)大學(xué)中的國(guó)際學(xué)者、就讀學(xué)前英語(yǔ)強(qiáng)化課程的國(guó)際學(xué)生、以及在海外留學(xué)的美國(guó)學(xué)生（1985年至今）的調(diào)查。
    英文原文
    November 14, 2011
    LED BY STRONG INCREASE IN STUDENTS FROM CHINA, INTERNATIONAL STUDENT ENROLLMENTS IN THE UNITED STATES
    INCREASED BY 5 PERCENT IN 2010/11
    China top sending country; USC top host university; California top host state; NYC top host city; Women represent 45 percent of international students; Business and Management, Engineering remain top fields of study
    November 14, 2011 – The number of international students at colleges and universities in the United States increased by five percent to 723,277 during the 2010/11 academic year, according to the Open Doors report, which is published annually by the Institute of International Education (IIE) in partnership with the U.S. Department of State’s Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. This represents a record high number of international students in the United States. This is the fifth consecutive year that Open Doors figures show growth in the total number of international students, and there are now 32 percent more international students studying at U.S. colleges and universities than there were a decade ago.
    Increased numbers of students from China, particularly at the undergraduate level, largely accounts for the growth this past year. Chinese students increased by 23.3 percent in total and by 43 percent at the undergraduate level.
    "Because of the excellence and diversity of our colleges and universities, more students worldwide are choosing to study in the United States," said Ann Stock, Assistant Secretary of State (R). "Young people who study abroad gain the global skills necessary to create solutions to 21st Century challenges. In turn, international students globalize our campuses and communities."
    "It is positive news that our higher education institutions continue to excel in attracting students from all over the world, and in preparing American students to succeed in an increasingly global environment," said Allan Goodman, President and CEO of the Institute of International Education. "Educational exchange in both directions furthers business and cultural ties between the United States and other countries."
    Chinese student enrollment in the United States rose to a total of nearly 158,000 students, or nearly 22 percent of the total international student population, making China the leading sending country for the second year in a row. Students from India, the second largest international cohort in the United States, decreased by one percent to a total of nearly 104,000. South Korea is the third leading place of origin, with more than 73,000 students, increasing by two percent and making up 10 percent of the total.
    Together, the top three sending countries – China, India and South Korea – comprise nearly half (46 percent) of the total international enrollments in U.S. higher education. Canada, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Japan each represent approximately three to four percent of the total international student population, with these top seven places of origin comprising about 60 percent of the total.
    International enrollments at the undergraduate level reached 291,439, an increase of six percent. This increase brings the number of undergraduate international students much closer to the number of graduate level international students at 296,574. The proportion of graduate to undergraduate international students has fluctuated over the past decade. In 2000/01, there were more undergraduate international students, but this was reversed in 2001/02, and graduate international enrollments since then have remained higher than undergraduate. This year, the gap has narrowed, with close to 5,000 more graduate students in 2010/11 compared to nearly 20,000 more graduate students than undergraduate students the previous year. The total number of international students in non-degree programs, including short-term programs and English language study, was up 8 percent to more than 59,000.
    Highlights
    The top 10 most popular fields of study for international students in the United States in 2009/10 were Business and Management (22 percent of total), Engineering (19 percent), Mathematics and Computer Science (9 percent), Physical and Life Sciences (9 percent), Social Sciences (9 percent), Fine & Applied Arts (5 percent), Health Professions (5 percent), Intensive English Language (5 percent), Education (2 percent), Humanities (2 percent), and Agriculture (1 percent). Undeclared majors are excluded from the rankings of top fields of study.
    For the tenth year in a row, the University of Southern California is the leading host institution, with 8,615 international students in 2010/11. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign hosts the second highest number of foreign students (7,991), with New York University a close #3 (7,988). Other campuses in the top 10 are: Purdue University (7,562), Columbia University (7,297), University of California – Los Angeles (6,249), Ohio State University (moving up from #15 the previous year, with 6,082), University of Michigan – Ann Arbor (5,995), Michigan State University (5,748), and Harvard University (moving up from #14 with 5,594).
    California remains the leading host state for international students (96,535, up 2 percent), followed by New York (78,888, up 4 percent), Texas (61,636, up 5 percent), Massachusetts (38,698, up 10 percent), Illinois (33,766, up 9 percent), Pennsylvania (30,507, up 9 percent), Florida (29,719, no change), Ohio (24,709, up 11 percent), Michigan (24,668, up 2 percent), and Indiana (20,112, up 8 percent).
    About The Open Doors report
    The Open Doors report is published by the Institute of International Education, the leading not-for-profit educational and cultural exchange organization in the United States. IIE has conducted an annual statistical survey of the international students in the United States since 1919, in partnerships with the U.S. Department of State's Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs since the early 1970s. The census is based on a survey of approximately 3,000 accredited U.S. institutions which host international students. Open Doors also reports on surveys on international scholars at U.S. universities; international students enrolled in pre-academic Intensive English Programs; and on U.S. students studying abroad (since 1985).