中考英語易錯題(17)
    湖北省宜昌市第五中學　葛　林
    1. if 
    [誤]If it will rain I won't go to school tomorrow.
    [正]If it rains I won't go to school tomorrow.
    [析]由if引起的狀語從句要用一般時表示將來。
    [誤]I want to know if he comes here tomorrow.
    [正]I want to know if he will come here tomorrow.
    [析]if所引起的如果是賓語從句則不能用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。
    [誤]I want to know if it will rain tomorrow he will come or not.
    [正]I want to know if it rains tomorrow he will come or not.
    [析]這里的if從句是整個賓語從句的條件狀語，所以，還應用一般時表示將來。
    2. ill 
    [誤]He spent many years looking after his ill father.
    [正]He spent many years looking after his sick father.
    [析]ill和sick都可以作表語，如：I'm ill (sick). 美國英語中常用sick，而英國英語中兩者都可用，但ill一般不作定語。
    3. in 
    [誤]In a cold morning, I went to school alone.
    [正]On a cold morning, I went to school alone.
    [析]在in the morning或 in the afternoon詞組中，不論在這兩個名詞的前或后加任何修飾詞，其介詞in都要變?yōu)閛n.
    [誤]I will finish it after two days.
    [正]I will finish it in two days.
    [析]中文中幾天以后可以完成，或幾天后來取，在譯為英文時都不要用after，而要用in. 如：He will be back in a few days.
    4. instead 
    [誤]The boy stayed in bed all day instead to go to school.
    [正]The boy stayed in bed all day instead of going to school.
    [析] instead of其后要接動名詞、名詞或代詞，而不能用不定式，如： I choose this book instead of that one.
    [誤]The beer here is not good, so I drink wine instead of it.
    [正]The beer here is not good, so I drink wine instead.
    [析] instead是副詞，而instead of是介詞短語。如：If you are not free, you may come another day instead.
    5. interest 
    [誤]He has a great interest for physics.
    [正]He has a great interest in physics.
    [誤]He has some interest in many companies.
    [正]He has some interests in many companies.
    [析] interest作為“興趣”講可用作不可數(shù)名詞，但作為“利息”“股份”講時為可數(shù)名詞。
    [誤]This is an interested book.
    [正]This is an interesting book.
    [析]修飾物時應用interesting, 如：an interesting film，而講某人對某事感興趣時要用過去分詞interested，如：I'm interested in this play. 但“他是一個十分有趣的人”。應譯為He is an interesting man. 所以interesting 是“令人感興趣”之意，而interested則表示某人對某事物感興趣，多用“be interested in something”這一句型。
    6. invent 
    [誤]America was invented by Christopher Columbus in 1492.
    [正]America was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1492.
    [析] invent意為“發(fā)明”即從無到有，如： Compass was invented by the Chinese people. 而discover則意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。
    7. it 
    [誤]That takes me ten years to finish this work.
    [正]It takes me ten years to finish this work.
    [析]it在這個句中的語法作用是形式主語，而真正的主語是句子后面的不定式。有的句子要用it作形式主語或形式賓語，如：I think it difficult to learn English well.
    8. join 
    [誤]Did you attend the football club?
    [正]Did you join the football club?
    [析]join經(jīng)常用于參加某個團體、政黨，并作為其中的一個成員;attend則重點強調(diào)出會議、到場，而不一定進行具體活動，如： Did you attend the meeting yesterday?而take part in則強調(diào)參與某些具體活動或運動，如：I take part in the football game.
    9. just
    [誤]I have finished my work just now.
    [正]I finished my work just now.
    [析]just now意為“剛才”，所以句中的謂語動詞要用過去式。
    [誤]Just I won the game.
    [正]I just won the game.
    [析] just單獨使用時不應放在句首，而應放于① be動詞之后，如：He is just a student.② 名詞與一般動詞之間。③用在第一助動詞之后，如：I have just returned home. 但just與其他詞組成詞組時，如just now, just then, 則可用于句首和句尾。如：Just then he saw the bus coming.
    10. keep 
    [誤]She was keeping something to her father.
    [正]She was keeping something from her father.
    [析]“對某人隱瞞某事”要用“keep something from somebody”句型。
    [誤]He kept to repeat the word again and again.
    [正]He kept repeating the word again and again.
    [析]keep doing something為連續(xù)不斷地做某事。有時可以與keep on doing something互換。它們的區(qū)別在于keep doing something意為該動作一直不停地在進行中，如：When the train started, she kept waving her hand. 而keep on doing something則表示該動作可能停頓但卻一直在進行中，如：He kept on making the same mistakes in grammar.
    [誤]We must keep up the times.
    [正]We must keep up with the times.
    [析]這句話意為“我們必須趕上時代”，keep up with是“趕上”之意，而keep up則是“堅持下去”的意思，如：Keep it up, don't stop now!
    11. key
    [誤]I lost the key of the door.
    [正]I lost the key to the door.
    [析]英語中講某某的東西一般要用of，而key, entrance, answer則多用to，如：“門的鑰匙”為key to the door, “高速公路入口”為entrance to the highway, “問題的答案”為the answer (key) to the question.
    12. kind 
    [誤]This kind of books are not good.
    [正]This kind of books is not good.
    [析]kind在這種句式中應作為主語，如果講Those kinds of books are very good. 則是正確的。
    kind, sort, type 
    kind和sort為同義詞，意為“種類”，而type則為“型號”，如：What type of this car do you want?(你想要這種車的什么型號?)
    13. knock 
    [誤]Someone was knocking the door.
    [正]Someone was knocking at the door.
    [析]knock 雖可以作及物動詞，如：The car knocked a hole in the fence. 但作“敲門”講一定要用作不及物動詞：knock at (on) the door.
    14. know 
    [誤]I want to know to play this game.
    [正]I want to know how to play this game.
    [析] 要注意英語中在不定式前加疑問代詞或疑問副詞的用法。如：I want to know how to do it / what to do / when to do it / where to go.
    know, know of 
    I know him.為“我很了解他?！倍鳬 know of him. 則為“我聽說過他。”同樣的用法還有hear和hear of這一詞組。
    15. large 
    [誤]He found a large number of mistake in his homework.
    [正]He found a large number of mistakes in his homework.
    [析]“a large number of + 復數(shù)名詞”，意為大量的。
    作者簡介：葛林，男，中學英語高級教師，曾在《21世紀英語報》《英語學習》《英語沙龍》等報刊雜志發(fā)表教學輔導類文章數(shù)十篇，并參與數(shù)項省部級科研課題，主要致力于初中英語中考及解題方法、技巧等教學方面的研究。
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