中考英語(yǔ)易錯(cuò)題(19)
    湖北省宜昌市第五中學(xué)　葛　林
    1. lonely 
    [誤]She wanted to do her homework lonely.
    [正]She wanted to do her homework alone
    [析]lonely意為“寂寞的”、“孤單的”，如：The old man felt lonely. alone則意為“獨(dú)自的”、“單獨(dú)的”，如：He lives alone but he doesn't feel lonely.
    2. long 
    [誤]I have been studying long for the exam.
    [正]I have been studying for a long time for the exam.
    [析]long用作表達(dá)時(shí)間的副詞時(shí)，在否定句及疑問(wèn)句中最常用，但在肯定句中除與so, too, as ... as連用外，一般要用for a long time.
    [誤]I'll call you as long as the book will be returned.
    [正]I'll call you as long as the book is returned.
    [析]as ... as引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中可以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。
    [誤]How long do you go to see your parents? Once a week.
    [正]How often do you go to see your parents? Once a week.
    [析]因?yàn)榇鹫Z(yǔ)為每周一次所以問(wèn)的是頻率，要用how often.
    3. look 
    look for, find 
    look for 側(cè)重于“尋找”這個(gè)動(dòng)作，如：What are you looking for? 而find則側(cè)重于結(jié)果，如：It is very difficult to find a job. 這里不能用look for，因?yàn)檎嬲щy的是“找到”工作。
    其他用法還有：
    [例]He often looks back on his high school days.
    [析]look back on something 為“回顧”、“回想”。
    [例]I wish you wouldn't look down on (upon) the children's work.
    [析]look down on (upon) 為“看不起”某人或某事。
    [誤]I'm looking forward to see you.
    [正]I'm looking forward to seeing you.
    [析]look forward to詞組中的to是介詞，所以其后要加名詞或動(dòng)名詞，不能接不定式。
    4. lot 
    [誤]I can buy this dictionary now, because I have got much money.
    [正]I can buy this dictionary now because I have got a lot of money.
    [析]much money多用于疑問(wèn)句與否定句中，而在肯定句中要用a lot of. lots of 與a lot of之間無(wú)多大區(qū)別，兩者都可以修飾可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞，所以常?？梢曰Q。
    [誤]He is more happier now.
    [正]He is a lot happier now.
    [析]不可用more來(lái)修飾比較級(jí)，能修飾比較級(jí)的詞有very much, a lot, lots, any, no, rather, a little, a bit等。
    5. make
    [誤]The little boy was made repeat the whole story.
    [正]The little boy was made to repeat the whole story.
    [誤]The father made his son to do his homework from morning till night.
    [正]The father made his son do his homework from morning till night.
    [析]make 的句型為“make somebody do (doing) something”。但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中原來(lái)被省去的不定式符號(hào)to要被還原回來(lái)。
    [誤]I always do this mistake.
    [正]I always make this mistake.
    [析]英語(yǔ)中do和make是十分不易弄清的兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，do常用于談?wù)摴ぷ鲿r(shí)或某種不確定的活動(dòng)時(shí)，如：do a favour(幫個(gè)忙)，do one's best(竭盡全力)，do good(有益)，do harm(有害)，而多數(shù)情況下常用make, 如：make a suggestion, make a cake, make a bed(收拾床)，make a noise, make money等等。
    [誤]This wine was made of grapes.
    [正]This wine was made from grapes.
    [析]當(dāng)成品制成后，其原料的性質(zhì)有所改變時(shí)應(yīng)用make from，否則用make of，如：This door was made of iron.
    [誤]Hard work can often make up a lack of intelligence.
    [正]Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence.
    [析]make up是“創(chuàng)造”、“編織”，而make up for是“彌補(bǔ)……的不足之處”。上句應(yīng)譯為“勤奮工作可以彌補(bǔ)天資的不足?！豹?BR>    [誤]We made up our mind to study hard.
    [正]We made up our minds to study hard.
    [析]mind這里是可數(shù)名詞，使用時(shí)要特別予以注意make up one's mind是“下定決心”之意。
    [誤]Our class is made of twenty girls and twenty one boys.
    [正]Our class is made up of twenty girls and twenty one boys.
    [析]make up of ... 是“某物由……組成或構(gòu)成”。
    6. many 
    [誤]I have many friends.
    [正]I have a lot of friends.
    [析]many和much多用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中，而在肯定句中則用處不多，尤其在非正式談話中。如：
    --- How much money have you got?
    --- I've got plenty.
    [誤]You bought much too tomatoes.
    [正]You bought too many tomatoes.
    [析]too many后接可數(shù)名詞，too much后接不可數(shù)名詞，而much too后面接形容詞，意為“太多”。
    [誤]For many a weeks it rained a lot.
    [正]For many a week it rained a lot.
    [析]many a意為“好多”、“許多”，但其后面要加單數(shù)名詞。
    7. matter
    [誤]No matter what you did.
    [正]No matter what you did, I trusted you.
    [析]No matter是個(gè)詞組，意為“不論”，它的語(yǔ)法功能是起連接作用，所以不能用于一個(gè)單獨(dú)的句子。it doesn't matter這個(gè)詞組則不是一個(gè)連接詞組，所以可以和一個(gè)單句連用，如：It doesn't matter what you say. (你說(shuō)什么都不要緊。)
    8. maybe 
    [誤]May be he is right.
    [正]Maybe he is right.
    [析]maybe是副詞，不要錯(cuò)用為may be.
    maybe, perhaps 
    這兩個(gè)詞的詞意一樣，maybe常用于非正式談話，而perhaps則多用在正式文體中。如： Maybe / Perhaps the weather will get better. 而Julius Caesar is perhaps the greatest of Shakespeare's early plays.
    9. mend 
    [誤]I want to have my bike mended.
    [正]I want to have my bike repaired.
    [析]mend意為“縫補(bǔ)”，如：My mother mended my coat. 而repair是“修理”。
    10. mind 
    [誤]Could you mind to close the door? 
    [正]Could you mind closing the door?
    [誤]Try to make up your mind studying hard.
    [正]Try to make up your mind to study hard.
    [析]mind用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其后加動(dòng)名詞;而用作名詞意為“下定決心”時(shí)，其后要加不定式。要注意Do you mind if I smoke?的答語(yǔ)：如果你不介意，應(yīng)回答“No, go ahead.”如果你不想讓對(duì)方吸煙，則應(yīng)講“Yes, please don't.”
    作者簡(jiǎn)介：葛林，男，中學(xué)英語(yǔ)高級(jí)教師，曾在《21世紀(jì)英語(yǔ)報(bào)》《英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)》《英語(yǔ)沙龍》等報(bào)刊雜志發(fā)表教學(xué)輔導(dǎo)類文章數(shù)十篇，并參與數(shù)項(xiàng)省部級(jí)科研課題，主要致力于初中英語(yǔ)中考及解題方法、技巧等教學(xué)方面的研究。
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