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    2020考研英語：非謂語動詞的應用
    During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job.
    本段話中出現(xiàn)了tempting ever more students to pile into law schools 的v-ing短語充當狀語。譯文為：經(jīng)濟危機前的十年間，美國法律服務方面開銷的增長速度是通貨膨脹時期的兩倍，律師界的精英們收入豐厚，從而吸引更多的學生進入法學院，然而，大多數(shù)法律專業(yè)的畢業(yè)生并未能獲得在大公司工作的機會。
    There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject,then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam.
    本段話中出現(xiàn)了“authorized by the American Bar Association”v-ed短語做后置定語修飾前文中的200 law schools，此段譯為：導致這一現(xiàn)象的原因很多，其中之一是法律教育過高的成本，在美國大多數(shù)州，成為律師的唯一途徑就是：首先進行一些不相干學科的四年本科學位學習，然后在美國律師協(xié)會認可的200多所法學院之一進行三年的法律學位學習，同時還要準備學費高昂的律師資格證考試。
    Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school.
    本段中出現(xiàn)了v-ing短語Reforming the system在句子中做主語，以及to do 不定式短語“to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree”“to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school”做表語，.本段話譯為：改革這一體系有益于律師和他們的客戶，改革的合理建議很早之前就已經(jīng)形成，但是負責律師行業(yè)的州一級管理部門過于保守而并未實施，一種建議是允許學生在本科階段學習法律專業(yè)。另一種建議是允許學生在法學院學習兩年后即可參加法律資格考試。
    In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency.
    本段中出現(xiàn)了v-ing短語分別是“allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms”以及“encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency”前者做主語，后者做介詞by的賓語。本段話的譯文為：事實上，允許非職業(yè)律師在律師事務所參股，可以鼓勵律師事務所所采用高科技，雇傭職業(yè)經(jīng)理人負責事務所效率提高，以此來降低成本，提高服務水平。