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2019年中考英語時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
標(biāo)志：動(dòng)詞原形
1. 表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，常與表頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用：
She often speaks English.
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2. 表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)、特征、職業(yè)、能力、感覺等：
He seems to feel a bit down today.
He works as a driver.
3. 表示真理、客觀存在、科學(xué)事實(shí)或用于格言警句中：
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
Columbus proved that the earth is round.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
4. 表示現(xiàn)在瞬間的動(dòng)作：
Here comes the bus!
5. 表示將來
1) 表按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(僅限于某些表示“來、去、動(dòng)、停、開始、結(jié)束、繼續(xù)”等的趨向動(dòng)詞)，可以與表示未來的時(shí)間狀語搭配使用。常見的用法是：飛機(jī)、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點(diǎn)運(yùn)行的交通狀況。如：
The next train leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoon.
How often does the shuttle bus run?
2) 在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中常使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來發(fā)生的事情：
When Bill comes (不用will come), ask him to wait for me.
I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy.
2019年中考英語時(shí)態(tài)：一般過去時(shí)
標(biāo)志：動(dòng)詞過去式
*閉音節(jié)：元音字母a, e, i, o, u如果發(fā)字母本來的音則稱為開音節(jié)，否則稱為閉音節(jié)。
1. 表示過去某時(shí)所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用(e.g. yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before …, when …, in the past等)。如：
Jim rang you just now.
Liu Ying was in America last year.
2. 表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，特別是used to do表達(dá)的句型，本身表示的就是過去常常。如：
When I was a kid, I often played football in the street.
She used to visit her mother once a week.
*注意區(qū)分sb. used to do sth.(某人過去常常做某事，此處to是動(dòng)詞不定式標(biāo)志符號(hào))和sb. be used to sth./doing sth.(某人習(xí)慣于某物/做某事，此處to是介詞)。
3. 代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表示一種婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣、禮貌、商量的語氣。此用法僅適用于少數(shù)動(dòng)詞(如want, hope, wonder, think, intend等)及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could, would。如：
I wondered if you could have a word with me.
I hoped you could help me with my English.
Would you mind my sitting here?
4. 虛擬語氣中用一般過去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)頃r(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常用句型有：
It is time that sb. did sth. “某人該做某事了”
would rather sb. did sth. “寧愿某人做某事”
2019年中考英語時(shí)態(tài)：一般將來時(shí)
標(biāo)志：will / shall + 動(dòng)詞原形
1. 表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，通常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用(e.g. tomorrow, next week, in the future等)。如：
We shall have a lot of rain next month.
My husband will come back in a few days.
2. 表示傾向性和習(xí)慣性：
Fish will die without water.
When it gets warmer, the snow will start to melt.
3. 一般將來時(shí)的幾種句式結(jié)構(gòu)辨析：
1) will / shall + 動(dòng)詞原形
多用于表達(dá)主觀愿望或必定會(huì)發(fā)生的事情(“將會(huì)如何”)
*shall作助動(dòng)詞時(shí)一般只用于第一人稱
2) be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形
表示即將發(fā)生或打算要做的事：
It is going to rain.
We are going to have a meeting today.
3) be to + 動(dòng)詞原形
表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作：
He is to visit Japan next year.
We are to discuss the report on Monday.
4) be about to + 動(dòng)詞原形
表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，意為“馬上要做某事”，后面一般不跟時(shí)間狀語，如：
The plane is about to start.
Don’t worry. I am about to make a close examination on you.
2019年中考英語時(shí)態(tài)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
標(biāo)志：be + 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞
1. 表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作：
She is writing a letter upstairs.
Who are you waiting for?
It is raining hard.
2. 表示現(xiàn)階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(說話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行)：
I hear Mr. Green is writing another novel.
3. 表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，往往包含說話者贊揚(yáng)、責(zé)備、厭惡等情緒，通常與always, constantly, continually, forever等頻度副詞連用。如：
John is forever asking silly questions like a stupid.
He is always thinking of others first.
4. 表示將來
1) 表示按計(jì)劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，僅適用于部分趨向動(dòng)詞(如go, come, leave, start, arrive等)。如：
Uncle Wang is coming.
They're leaving for Beijing.
2) 在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來某時(shí)正在發(fā)生的事情。如：
Please drop in when you are passing my way.
If he is still sleeping, don’t wake him up.