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    2021考研英語(yǔ)：如何培養(yǎng)閱讀的技能?
    一、如何區(qū)分論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)?
    先來(lái)看論據(jù)，所謂論據(jù)其實(shí)就是證明論點(diǎn)的部分，那么這些作為例子的信息具有什么特點(diǎn)呢?
    a. 時(shí)間 (2000年 Text1);
    …By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition. By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith….
    b. 地點(diǎn)
    c. 數(shù)字(百分比，數(shù)量);
    d. 專(zhuān)有名詞(機(jī)構(gòu)名，地名，具體人名);
    e. 引言(某個(gè)人說(shuō)的話(huà));
    f. When 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句(多為過(guò)去時(shí))
    那其實(shí)根據(jù)這些特征，我們可以初步判定每一篇或是每一段里的句子是不是論據(jù)了，當(dāng)然稍微有一些做題經(jīng)驗(yàn)的同學(xué)會(huì)說(shuō)，相對(duì)于論據(jù)來(lái)說(shuō)，可能論點(diǎn)更為重要。那么接下來(lái)，我們來(lái)說(shuō)說(shuō)所謂的論點(diǎn)又具有怎樣的特點(diǎn)?
    a. 觀(guān)點(diǎn)詞argue/believe/suggest/maintain/contend/assume/argue/think/insist/hold
    比如：Sb think…; it is generally thought/believed/ageed that…;
    it is my belief that...
    b. 結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，多為判斷句;
    比如：death is normal…(2003 text 4)
    Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. (2002 text3)
    披著從句外衣的判斷句：
    It is necessary/crucial/pity/wonderful/negative that…
    It is inevitable that…
    c. 出現(xiàn)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(shall/should/must/may/might/can/could/would…/ought to)
    It should be pointed that…
    It should be noticed that…
    d. 祈使句;
    e. 疑問(wèn)句;
    其實(shí)區(qū)分論點(diǎn)論據(jù)可以幫助我們對(duì)文章先有一個(gè)整體的了解，最起碼我們可以比較清晰的辨明哪些是重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，哪些是非重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。如果是和觀(guān)點(diǎn)有關(guān)的題型，那么我們就找觀(guān)點(diǎn)，如果是和例子有關(guān)的內(nèi)容，我們就找例子。
    總之區(qū)分論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)使我們處理文章信息最先要做的事情。