在開始演講之前，準(zhǔn)備好一份演講稿是非常必要的。這不僅有助于我們在演講中表現(xiàn)更加出色，還可以通過演講稿向聽眾傳遞正確的價(jià)值觀和道德觀念，影響他們追求的目標(biāo)。那么，如何寫出一篇讓大家滿意的主題演講稿呢？下面是出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)編輯整理的有關(guān)“ted演講稿”的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，供有需要的朋友參考借鑒，希望對你有所幫助。
    ted演講稿(篇1)
    簡介：殘奧會(huì)短跑冠軍aimee mullins天生沒有腓骨，從小就要學(xué)習(xí)靠義肢走路和奔跑。如今，她不僅是短跑選手、演員、模特，還是一位穩(wěn)健的演講者。她不喜歡字典中 “disabled”這個(gè)詞，因?yàn)樨?fù)面詞匯足以毀掉一個(gè)人。但是，坦然面對不幸，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)等待你的是更多的機(jī)會(huì)。
    i'd like to share with you a discovery that i made a few months ago while writing an article for italian wired. i always keep my thesaurus handy whenever i'm writing anything, but i'd already finished editing the piece, and i realized that i had never once in my life looked up the word “disabled” to see what i'd find.
    let me read you the entry. “disabled, adjective: crippled, helpless, useless, wrecked, stalled, maimed, wounded, mangled, lame, mutilated, run-down, worn-out, weakened, impotent, castrated, paralyzed, handicapped, senile, decrepit, laid-up, done-up, done-for, done-in cracked-up, counted-out; see also hurt, useless and weak. antonyms, healthy, strong, capable.” i was reading this list out loud to a friend and at first was laughing, it was so ludicrous, but i'd just gotten past “mangled,” and my voice broke, and i had to stop and collect myself from the emotional shock and impact that the assault from these words unleashed.
    you know, of course, this is my raggedy old thesaurus so i'm thinking this must be an ancient print date, right? but, in fact, the print date was the early 1980s, when i would have been starting primary school and forming an understanding of myself outside the family unit and as related to the other kids and the world around me. and, needless to say, thank god i wasn't using a thesaurus back then. i mean, from this entry, it would seem that i was born into a world that perceived someone like me to have nothing positive whatsoever going for them, when in fact, today i'm celebrated for the opportunities and adventures my life has procured.
    so, i immediately went to look up the __ online edition, e_pecting to find a revision worth noting. here's the updated version of this entry. unfortunately, it's not much better. i find the last two words under “near antonyms,” particularly unsettling: “whole” and “wholesome.”
    so, it's not just about the words. it's what we believe about people when we name them with these words. it's about the values behind the words, and how we construct those values. our language affects our thinking and how we view the world and how we view other people. in fact, many ancient societies, including the greeks and the romans, believed that to utter a curse verbally was so powerful, because to say the thing out loud brought it into e_istence. so, what reality do we want to call into e_istence: a person who is limited, or a person who's empowered? by casually doing something as simple as naming a person, a child, we might be putting lids and casting shadows on their power. wouldn't we want to open doors for them instead?
    one such person who opened doors for me was my childhood doctor at the a.i. dupont institute in wilmington, delaware. his name was dr. pizzutillo, an italian american, whose name, apparently, was too difficult for most americans to pronounce, so he went by dr. p. and dr. p always wore really colorful bow ties and had the very perfect disposition to work with children.
    i loved almost everything about my time spent at this hospital, with the e_ception of my physical therapy sessions. i had to do what seemed like innumerable repetitions of e_ercises with these thick, elastic bands -- different colors, you know -- to help build up my leg muscles, and i hated these bands more than anything -- i hated them, had names for them. i hated them. and, you know, i was already bargaining, as a five year-old child, with dr. p to try to get out of doing these e_ercises, unsuccessfully, of course. and, one day, he came in to my session -- e_haustive and unforgiving, these sessions -- and he said to me, “wow. aimee, you are such a strong and powerful little girl, i think you're going to break one of those bands. when you do break it, i'm going to give you a hundred bucks.”
    now, of course, this was a simple ploy on dr. p's part to get me to do the e_ercises i didn't want to do before the prospect of being the richest five-year-old in the second floor ward, but what he effectively did for me was reshape an awful daily occurrence into a new and promising e_perience for me. and i have to wonder today to what e_tent his vision and his declaration of me as a strong and powerful little girl shaped my own view of myself as an inherently strong, powerful and athletic person well into the future.
    this is an e_ample of how adults in positions of power can ignite the power of a child. but, in the previous instances of those thesaurus entries, our language isn't allowing us to evolve into the reality that we would all want, the possibility of an individual to see themselves as capable. our language hasn't caught up with the changes in our society, many of which have been brought about by technology. certainly, from a medical standpoint, my legs, laser surgery for vision impairment, titanium knees and hip replacements for aging bodies that are allowing people to more fully engage with their abilities, and move beyond the limits that nature has imposed on them -- not to mention social networking platforms allow people to self-identify, to claim their own descriptions of themselves, so they can go align with global groups of their own choosing. so, perhaps technology is revealing more clearly to us now what has always been a truth: that everyone has something rare and powerful to offer our society, and that the human ability to adapt is our greatest asset.
    the human ability to adapt, it's an interesting thing, because people have continually wanted to talk to me about overcoming adversity, and i'm going to make an admission: this phrase never sat right with me, and i always felt uneasy trying to answer people's questions about it, and i think i'm starting to figure out why. implicit in this phrase of “overcoming adversity” is the idea that success, or happiness, is about emerging on the other side of a challenging e_perience unscathed or unmarked by the e_perience, as if my successes in life have come about from an ability to sidestep or circumnavigate the presumed pitfalls of a life with prosthetics, or what other people perceive as my disability. but, in fact, we are changed. we are marked, of course, by a challenge, whether physically, emotionally or both. and i'm going to suggest that this is a good thing. adversity isn't an obstacle that we need to get around in order to resume living our life. it's part of our life. and i tend to think of it like my shadow. sometimes i see a lot of it, sometimes there's very little, but it's always with me. and, certainly, i'm not trying to diminish the impact, the weight, of a person's struggle.
    there is adversity and challenge in life, and it's all very real and relative to every single person, but the question isn't whether or not you're going to meet adversity, but how you're going to meet it. so, our responsibility is not simply shielding those we care for from adversity, but preparing them to meet it well. and we do a disservice to our kids when we make them feel that they're not equipped to adapt. there's an important difference and distinction between the objective medical fact of my being an amputee and the subjective societal opinion of whether or not i'm disabled. and, truthfully, the only real and consistent disability i've had to confront is the world ever thinking that i could be described by those definitions.
    in our desire to protect those we care about by giving them the cold, hard truth about their medical prognosis, or, indeed, a prognosis on the e_pected quality of their life, we have to make sure that we don't put the first brick in a wall that will actually disable someone. perhaps the e_isting model of only looking at what is broken in you and how do we fi_ it, serves to be more disabling to the individual than the pathology itself.
    by not treating the wholeness of a person, by not acknowledging their potency, we are creating another ill on top of whatever natural struggle they might have. we are effectively grading someone's worth to our community. so we need to see through the pathology and into the range of human capability. and, most importantly, there's a partnership between those perceived deficiencies and our greatest creative ability. so it's not about devaluing, or negating, these more trying times as something we want to avoid or sweep under the rug, but instead to find those opportunities wrapped in the adversity. so maybe the idea i want to put out there is not so much overcoming adversity as it is opening ourselves up to it, embracing it, grappling with it, to use a wrestling term, maybe even dancing with it. and, perhaps, if we see adversity as natural, consistent and useful, we're less burdened by the presence of it.
    this year we celebrate the 200th birthday of charles darwin, and it was 150 years ago, when writing about evolution, that darwin illustrated, i think, a truth about the human character. to paraphrase: it's not the strongest of the species that survives, nor is it the most intelligent that survives; it is the one that is most adaptable to change. conflict is the genesis of creation. from darwin's work, amongst others, we can recognize that the human ability to survive and flourish is driven by the struggle of the human spirit through conflict into transformation. so, again, transformation, adaptation, is our greatest human skill. and, perhaps, until we're tested, we don't know what we're made of. maybe that's what adversity gives us: a sense of self, a sense of our own power. so, we can give ourselves a gift. we can re-imagine adversity as something more than just tough times. maybe we can see it as change. adversity is just change that we haven't adapted ourselves to yet.
    i think the greatest adversity that we've created for ourselves is this idea of normalcy. now, who's normal? there's no normal. there's common, there's typical. there's no normal, and would you want to meet that poor, beige person if they e_isted? (laughter) i don't think so. if we can change this paradigm from one of achieving normalcy to one of possibility -- or potency, to be even a little bit more dangerous -- we can release the power of so many more children, and invite them to engage their rare and valuable abilities with the community.
    anthropologists tell us that the one thing we as humans have always required of our community members is to be of use, to be able to contribute. there's evidence that neanderthals, 60,000 years ago, carried their elderly and those with serious physical injury, and perhaps it's because the life e_perience of survival of these people proved of value to the community. they didn't view these people as broken and useless; they were seen as rare and valuable.
    a few years ago, i was in a food market in the town where i grew up in that red zone in northeastern pennsylvania, and i was standing over a bushel of tomatoes. it was summertime: i had shorts on. i hear this guy, his voice behind me say, “well, if it isn't aimee mullins.” and i turn around, and it's this older man. i have no idea who he is.
    and i said, “i'm sorry, sir, have we met? i don't remember meeting you.”
    he said, “well, you wouldn't remember meeting me. i mean, when we met i was delivering you from your mother's womb.” (laughter) oh, that guy. and, but of course, actually, it did click.
    this man was dr. kean, a man that i had only known about through my mother's stories of that day, because, of course, typical fashion, i arrived late for my birthday by two weeks. and so my mother's prenatal physician had gone on vacation, so the man who delivered me was a complete stranger to my parents. and, because i was born without the fibula bones, and had feet turned in, and a few toes in this foot and a few toes in that, he had to be the bearer -- this stranger had to be the bearer of bad news.
    he said to me, “i had to give this prognosis to your parents that you would never walk, and you would never have the kind of mobility that other kids have or any kind of life of independence, and you've been making liar out of me ever since.” (laughter) (applause)
    the e_traordinary thing is that he said he had saved newspaper clippings throughout my whole childhood, whether winning a second grade spelling bee, marching with the girl scouts, you know, the halloween parade, winning my college scholarship, or any of my sports victories, and he was using it, and integrating it into teaching resident students, med students from hahnemann medical school and hershey medical school. and he called this part of the course the _ factor, the potential of the human will. no prognosis can account for how powerful this could be as a determinant in the quality of someone's life. and dr. kean went on to tell me, he said, “in my e_perience, unless repeatedly told otherwise, and even if given a modicum of support, if left to their own devices, a child will achieve.”
    see, dr. kean made that shift in thinking. he understood that there's a difference between the medical condition and what someone might do with it. and there's been a shift in my thinking over time, in that, if you had asked me at 15 years old, if i would have traded prosthetics for flesh-and-bone legs, i wouldn't have hesitated for a second. i aspired to that kind of normalcy back then. but if you ask me today, i'm not so sure. and it's because of the e_periences i've had with them, not in spite of the e_periences i've had with them. and perhaps this shift in me has happened because i've been e_posed to more people who have opened doors for me than those who have put lids and cast shadows on me.
    see, all you really need is one person to show you the epiphany of your own power, and you're off. if you can hand somebody the key to their own power -- the human spirit is so receptive -- if you can do that and open a door for someone at a crucial moment, you are educating them in the best sense. you're teaching them to open doors for themselves. in fact, the e_act meaning of the word “educate” comes from the root word “educe.” it means “to bring forth what is within, to bring out potential.” so again, which potential do we want to bring out?
    there was a case study done in 1960s britain, when they were moving from grammar schools to comprehensive schools. it's called the streaming trials. we call it “tracking” here in the states. it's separating students from a, b, c, d and so on. and the “a students” get the tougher curriculum, the best teachers, etc. well, they took, over a three-month period, d-level students, gave them a's, told them they were “a's,” told them they were bright, and at the end of this three-month period, they were performing at a-level.
    and, of course, the heartbreaking, flip side of this study, is that they took the “a students” and told them they were “d's.” and that's what happened at the end of that three-month period. those who were still around in school, besides the people who had dropped out. a crucial part of this case study was that the teachers were duped too. the teachers didn't know a switch had been made. they were simply told, “these are the 'a-students,' these are the 'd-students.'” and that's how they went about teaching them and treating them.
    so, i think that the only true disability is a crushed spirit, a spirit that's been crushed doesn't have hope, it doesn't see beauty, it no longer has our natural, childlike curiosity and our innate ability to imagine. if instead, we can bolster a human spirit to keep hope, to see beauty in themselves and others, to be curious and imaginative, then we are truly using our power well. when a spirit has those qualities, we are able to create new realities and new ways of being.
    i'd like to leave you with a poem by a fourteenth-century persian poet named hafiz that my friend, jacques dembois told me about, and the poem is called “the god who only knows four words”: “every child has known god, not the god of names, not the god of don'ts, but the god who only knows four words and keeps repeating them, saying, 'come dance with me. come, dance with me. come, dance with me.'”
    ted演講稿(篇2)
    一直以來，我都是同學(xué)、家長眼中“別人家的孩子”，但大家有所不知的是，我一直在與一個(gè)“病魔”作斗爭，它就是拖延癥。
    請不要驚訝，這個(gè)“病”已經(jīng)伴隨我很長時(shí)間了，可謂是根深蒂固。它有時(shí)輕，有時(shí)重，間歇發(fā)作。媽媽常常半開玩笑地說：“你這是病，得治!”
    就拿上學(xué)期來說，美術(shù)老師要求我在6月30日前創(chuàng)作一幅《綠色承諾》手抄報(bào)。我心想，這還不容易，分分鐘搞定!于是，這件事就被一拖再拖，結(jié)果直到交稿截止前一天，我才開始沒日沒夜、加班加點(diǎn)地趕“工程”。就這樣，原來有一兩個(gè)月的充裕時(shí)間，被我拖到了最后一天。這場較量，拖延癥“完勝”。
    再拿一次寫作文來說吧。原來我給自己定下了兩個(gè)小時(shí)完成的目標(biāo)，這時(shí)，拖延癥跳出來了：“反正有兩個(gè)小時(shí)嘛，不妨先看會(huì)書，找找靈感?”我欣然應(yīng)允了它的請求，開始肆無忌憚地看起雜書來。不知不覺，一個(gè)小時(shí)過去了，我開始有些著急，把書扔到一旁，心想：作文該如何開頭呢?冥思苦想之際，我又瞥見了書架上的雜志……
    就這樣，我的時(shí)間被這個(gè)大惡魔一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)蠶食了，原本綽綽有余的作文時(shí)間打水漂了。這一次，我又惜敗了。
    當(dāng)然，更多時(shí)間，我會(huì)提前作好計(jì)劃安排并嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行，這時(shí)，拖延癥的囂張氣焰也隨之煙消云散。在這樣的較量中，我當(dāng)然能夠戰(zhàn)勝“病魔”。
    俗話說“病來如山倒，病去如抽絲”，改掉一個(gè)壞習(xí)慣，絕非一朝一夕之功。在這場曠日持久的較量中，我相信，我一定會(huì)把它徹底消滅掉，等著我的捷報(bào)吧!
    ted演講稿(篇3)
    大家好，我們是“拖延癥”病毒。
    什么!沒有聽說?那你就孤陋寡聞啦!我們家族還有“自私癥”病毒、“自大狂”病毒……
    我們專門“攻擊”未成年的小朋友。看，我們的情報(bào)員又發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)目標(biāo)——一個(gè)名叫吳嘉誠的男孩。
    每人一挺機(jī)槍，五人一門大炮，十人一輛坦克……一切準(zhǔn)備就緒，我們直接坐上運(yùn)輸槍，飛到男孩的臥室里，從嘴巴、耳朵、鼻子等進(jìn)入到男孩體內(nèi)。不一會(huì)兒，白細(xì)胞就發(fā)現(xiàn)了我們，戰(zhàn)斗異常激烈，持續(xù)了兩個(gè)多時(shí)辰，才把它們給打敗。我們沖到大腦控制室，干掉了幾個(gè)哨兵，占領(lǐng)了這里，然后通過控制臺(tái)向男孩發(fā)出指令。下面就是我們占領(lǐng)一周的情況：
    周一：老師布置完作業(yè)，吳嘉誠看也不看，因?yàn)槲覀兿蛩l(fā)出暗示：沒事的，睡覺前也能做，于是他就在睡覺前才勉強(qiáng)寫完。
    哈哈哈，吳嘉誠你這個(gè)大傻瓜，只要你有堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志，就能消滅我們啦!哈哈哈!不好，一不小心，剛才的話好像被他聽見了，哦不!完了!
    果不出我所料，第二天，我們就被源源不斷的白細(xì)胞給包圍消滅了!
    不僅如此，吳嘉誠還把這個(gè)方法告訴了其他被我們所控制的孩子，并幫助他們消滅了我們，還一齊高呼：“讓我們向拖延癥宣戰(zhàn)吧!”
    ted演講稿(篇4)
    Diana Laugenberg: How to learn From mistakes
    講者分享了其多年從教中所認(rèn)識到的一從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)的觀念“允許孩子失敗，把失敗視為學(xué)習(xí)的一部分”，以及從教育實(shí)踐中學(xué)到的三件事：“1.體驗(yàn)學(xué)習(xí)的過程 2.傾聽學(xué)生的聲音 3.接納錯(cuò)誤的失敗?！?BR>    I have been teaching for a long time, and in doing so have acquired a body of knowledge aboutkids and learning that I really wish more people would understand about the potential ofstudents. In 1931, my grandmother -- bottom left for you guys over here -- graduated from theeighth grade. She went to school to get the information because that's where the informationlived. It was in the books; it was inside the teacher's head; and she needed to go there to getthe information, because that's how you learned. Fast-forward a generation: this is the one-roomschoolhouse, Oak Grove, where my father went to a one-room schoolhouse. And he again hadto travel to the school to get the information from the teacher, stored it in the only portablememory he has, which is inside his own head, and take it with him, because that is howinformation was being transported from teacher to student and then used in the world. When Iwas a kid, we had a set of encyclopedias at my house. It was purchased the year I was born,and it was extraordinary, because I did not have to wait to go to the library to get to theinformation. The information was inside my house and it was awesome. This was different thaneither generation had experienced before, and it changed the way I interacted with informationeven at just a small level. But the information was closer to me. I could get access to it.
    In the time that passes between when I was a kid in high school and when I started teaching,we really see the advent of the Internet. Right about the time that the Internet gets going as aneducational tool, I take off from Wisconsin and move to Kansas, small town Kansas, where Ihad an opportunity to teach in a lovely, small-town, rural Kansas school district, where I wasteaching my favorite subject, American government. My first year -- super gung-ho -- going toteach American government, loved the political system. Kids in the 12th grade: not exactly allthat enthusiastic about the American government system. Year two: learned a few things -- hadto change my tactic. And I put in front of them an authentic experience that allowed them tolearn for themselves. I didn't tell them what to do or how to do it. I posed a problem in front ofthem, which was to put on an election forum for their own community.
    They produced flyers. They called offices. They checked schedules. They were meeting withsecretaries. They produced an election forum booklet for the entire town to learn more abouttheir candidates. They invited everyone into the school for an evening of conversation aboutgovernment and politics and whether or not the streets were done well, and really had thisrobust experiential learning. The older teachers -- more experienced -- looked at me and went,
    “Oh, there she is. That's so cute. She's trying to get that done.” (Laughter)
    “She doesn't knowwhat she's in for.” But I knew that the kids would show up, and I believed it, and I told themevery week what I expected out of them. And that night, all 90 kids -- dressed appropriately,doing their job, owning it. I had to just sit and watch. It was theirs. It was experiential. It wasauthentic. It meant something to them. And they will step up.
    From Kansas, I moved on to lovely Arizona, where I taught in Flagstaff for a number of years,this time with middle school students. Luckily, I didn't have to teach them American uld teach them the more exciting topic of geography. Again,
    “thrilled” to learn. But what wasinteresting about this position I found myself in in Arizona, was I had this really extraordinarilyeclectic group of kids to work with in a truly public school, and we got to have these momentswhere we would get these opportunities. And one opportunity was we got to go and meet PaulRusesabagina, which is the gentleman that the movie “Hotel Rwanda” is based after. And hewas going to speak at the high school next door to us. We could walk there. We didn't evenhave to pay for the buses. There was no expense cost. Perfect field trip.
    The problem then becomes how do you take seventh- and eighth-graders to a talk aboutgenocide and deal with the subject in a way that is responsible and respectful, and they knowwhat to do with it. And so we chose to look at Paul Rusesabagina as an example of a gentlemanwho singularly used his life to do something positive. I then challenged the kids to identifysomeone in their own life, or in their own story, or in their own world, that they could identify thathad done a similar thing. I asked them to produce a little movie about it. It's the first time we'ddone this. Nobody really knew how to make these little movies on the computer, but they wereinto it. And I asked them to put their own voice over it. It was the most awesome moment ofrevelation that when you ask kids to use their own voice and ask them to speak for themselves,what they're willing to share. The last question of the assignment is: how do you plan to useyour life to positively impact other peopleThe things that kids will say when you ask them andtake the time to listen is extraordinary.
    Fast-forward to Pennsylvania, where I find myself today. I teach at the Science LeadershipAcademy, which is a partnership school between the Franklin Institute and the school district ofPhiladelphia. We are a nine through 12 public school, but we do school quite differently. I movedthere primarily to be part of a learning environment that validated the way that I knew that kidslearned, and that really wanted to investigate what was possible when you are willing to let go ofsome of the paradigms of the past, of information scarcity when my grandmother was in schooland when my father was in school and even when I was in school, and to a moment when wehave information surplus. So what do you do when the information is all around youWhy doyou have kids come to school if they no longer have to come there to get the information
    In Philadelphia we have a one-to-one laptop program, so the kids are bringing in laptops withthem everyday, taking them home, getting access to information. And here's the thing that youneed to get comfortable with when you've given the tool to acquire information to students, isthat you have to be comfortable with this idea of allowing kids to fail as part of the learningprocess. We deal right now in the educational landscape with an infatuation with the culture ofone right answer that can be properly bubbled on the average multiple choice test, and I amhere to share with you: it is not learning. That is the absolute wrong thing to ask, to tell kids tonever be wrong. To ask them to always have the right answer doesn't allow them to learn. Sowe did this project, and this is one of the artifacts of the project. I almost never show them offbecause of the issue of the idea of failure.
    My students produced these info-graphics as a result of a unit that we decided to do at the endof the year responding to the oil spill. I asked them to take the examples that we were seeing ofthe info-graphics that existed in a lot of mass media, and take a look at what were theinteresting components of it, and produce one for themselves of a different man-made disasterfrom American history. And they had certain criteria to do it. They were a little uncomfortablewith it, because we'd never done this before, and they didn't know exactly how to do it. Theycan talk -- they're very smooth, and they can write very, very well, but asking them tocommunicate ideas in a different way was a little uncomfortable for them. But I gave them theroom to just do the thing. Go create. Go figure it out. Let's see what we can do. And thestudent that persistently turns out the best visual product did not disappoint. This was done inlike two or three days. And this is the work of the student that consistently did it.
    And when I sat the students down, I said, “Who's got the best one” And they immediatelywent, “There it is.” Didn't read anything. “There it is.” And I said,
    “Well what makes it great”And they're like,
    “Oh, the design's good, and he's using good color. And there's some ...
    ” Andthey went through all that we processed out loud. And I said, “Go read it.” And they're like, “Oh,that one wasn't so awesome.” And then we went to another one -- it didn't have great visuals,but it had great information -- and spent an hour talking about the learning process, because itwasn't about whether or not it was perfect, or whether or not it was what I could create. Itasked them to create for themselves, and it allowed them to fail, process, learn from. And whenwe do another round of this in my class this year, they will do better this time, because learninghas to include an amount of failure, because failure is instructional in the process.
    There are a million pictures that I could click through here, and had to choose carefully -- this isone of my favorites -- of students learning, of what learning can look like in a landscape wherewe let
    go of the idea that kids have to come to school to get the information, but instead, askthem what they can do with it. Ask them really interesting questions. They will not disappoint.Ask them to go to places, to see things for themselves, to actually experience the learning, toplay, to inquire. This is one of my favorite photos, because this was taken on Tuesday, when Iasked the students to go to the polls. This is Robbie, and this was his first day of voting, and hewanted to share that with everybody and do that. But this is learning too, because we askedthem to go out into real spaces.
    The main point is that, if we continue to look at education as if it's about coming to school to getthe information and not about experiential learning, empowering student voice and embracingfailure, we're missing the mark. And everything that everybody is talking about today isn'tpossible if we keep having an educational system that does not value these qualities, becausewe won't get there with a standardized test, and we won't get there with a culture of one rightanswer. We know how to do this better, and it's time to do better.
    我從事教師工作很長一段時(shí)間了， 而在我教書的過程當(dāng)中 我學(xué)了很多關(guān)于孩子與學(xué)習(xí)的知識 我非常希望更多人可以了解 學(xué)生的潛能。 1931年,我的祖母 從你們那邊看過來左下角那位-- 從八年級畢業(yè)。 她上學(xué)是去獲取知識 因?yàn)樵谶^去,那是知識存在的地方 知識在書本里,在老師的腦袋里， 而她需要專程到學(xué)校去獲得這些知識， 因?yàn)槟鞘钱?dāng)時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)的途徑 快進(jìn)過一代： 這是個(gè)只有一間教室的學(xué)校,Oak Grove， 我父親就是在這間只有一個(gè)教室的學(xué)校就讀。 而同樣的,他不得不去上學(xué) 以從老師那兒取得知識， 然后將這些知識儲(chǔ)存在他唯一的移動(dòng)內(nèi)存,那就是他自己的腦袋里， 然后將這些隨身攜帶， 因?yàn)檫@是過去知識被傳遞的方式 從老師傳給學(xué)生,接著在世界上使用。 當(dāng)我還小的時(shí)候， 我們家里有一套百科全書。 從我一出生就買了這套書， 而那是非常了不起的事情， 因?yàn)槲也恍枰戎D書館取得這些知識， 這些信息就在我的屋子里 而那真是太棒了。 這是 和過去相比,是非常不同的 這改變了我和信息互動(dòng)的方式 即便改變的幅度很小。 但這些知識卻離我更近了。 我可以隨時(shí)獲取它們。
    他們散布傳單,聯(lián)絡(luò)各個(gè)選舉辦公室， 他們和秘書排定行程， 他們設(shè)計(jì)了一本選舉論壇手冊 提供給全鎮(zhèn)的鎮(zhèn)民讓他們更了解這些候選人。 他們邀請所有的人到學(xué)校 參與晚上的座談 談?wù)撜驼?還有鎮(zhèn)里的每條街是不是都修建完善， 學(xué)生們真的得到強(qiáng)大的體驗(yàn)式學(xué)習(xí)。 學(xué)校里比較資深年長的老師 看著我說 “喔,看她,多天真呀,竟想試著這么做。” (大笑)
    “她不知道她把自己陷入怎么樣的局面” 但我知道孩子們會(huì)出席 而我真的這樣相信。 每個(gè)禮拜我都對他們說我是如何期待他們的表現(xiàn)。 而那天晚上,全部九十個(gè)孩子 每個(gè)人的穿戴整齊,各司其職,完全掌握論壇 我只需要坐在一旁看著。 那是屬于他們的夜晚,那是經(jīng)驗(yàn),那是實(shí)在的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 那對他們來說具有意義。 而他們將會(huì)更加努力。
    離開堪薩斯后,我搬到美麗的亞利桑納州， 我在Flagstaff小鎮(zhèn)教了幾年書， 這次是教初中的學(xué)生。 幸運(yùn)的,我這次不用教美國政治。 這次我教的是更令人興奮的地理。 再一次,非常期待的要學(xué)習(xí)。 但有趣的是 我發(fā)現(xiàn)在這個(gè)亞歷桑納州的教職 我所面對的 是一群非常多樣化的,彼此之間差異懸殊的孩子們 在一所真正的公立學(xué)校。 在那里,有些時(shí)候,我們會(huì)得到了一些機(jī)會(huì)。 其中一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)是 我們得以和Paul Russabagina見面， 這位先生 正是電影“盧安達(dá)飯店”根據(jù)描述的那位主人翁 他當(dāng)時(shí)正要到隔壁的高中演講 我們可以步行到那所學(xué)校,我們甚至不用坐公共汽車 完全不需要額外的支出,非常完美的校外教學(xué)
    然后接著的問題是 你要怎么和七八年級的學(xué)生談?wù)摲N族屠殺 用怎么樣的方式來處理這個(gè)問題 才是一種負(fù)責(zé)任和尊重的方式， 讓學(xué)生們知道該怎么面對這個(gè)問題。 所以我們決定去觀察PaulRusesabagina是怎么做的 把他當(dāng)作一個(gè)例子 一個(gè)平凡人如何利用自己的生命做些積極的事情的例子。 接著,我挑戰(zhàn)這些孩子,要他們?nèi)フ页?在他們的.生命里,在他們自己的故事中,或是在他們自己的世界里， 找出那些他們認(rèn)為也做過類似事情的人。 我要他們?yōu)檫@些人和事跡制作一部短片。 這是我們第一次嘗試制作短片。 沒有人真的知道如何利用電腦制作短片。 但他們非常投入,我要他們在片子里用自己的聲音。 那實(shí)在是最棒的啟發(fā)方式 當(dāng)你要孩子們用他們自己的聲音 當(dāng)你要他們?yōu)樽约赫f話， 說那些他們愿意分享的故事。 這項(xiàng)作業(yè)的最后一個(gè)問題是 你打算怎么利用你自己的生命 去正面的影響其他人 孩子們說出來的那些話 在你詢問他們后并花時(shí)間傾聽那些話后 是非常了不起的。
    快進(jìn)到賓州,我現(xiàn)在住的地方。 我在科學(xué)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)學(xué)院教書， 它是富蘭克林學(xué)院 和費(fèi)城學(xué)區(qū)協(xié)同的合辦的。 我們是一間9年級到級的公立高中， 但我們的教學(xué)方式很不一樣。 我起初搬到那里 是為了親身參與一個(gè)教學(xué)環(huán)境 一個(gè)可以證實(shí)我所理解孩子可以有效學(xué)習(xí)方式的方式， 一個(gè)愿意探索 所有可能性的教學(xué)環(huán)境 當(dāng)你愿意放棄 一些過去的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模式， 放棄我祖母和我父親上學(xué)的那個(gè)年代 甚至是我自己念書的那個(gè)年代，因?yàn)樾畔⒌南∪保?到一個(gè)我們正處于信息過剩的時(shí)代。 所以你該怎么處理那些環(huán)繞在四周的知識你為什么要孩子們來學(xué)校如果他們再也不需要特意到學(xué)校獲得這些知識
    在賓州,我們有一個(gè)人人有筆記本的項(xiàng)目， 所以這些孩子每天帶著他們筆記本電腦， 帶著電腦回家,隨時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)知識。 有一件事你需要學(xué)著適應(yīng)的是 當(dāng)你給了學(xué)生工具 讓他們可以自主取得知識， 你得適應(yīng)一個(gè)想法 那就是允許孩子失敗 把失敗視為學(xué)習(xí)的一部分。 我們現(xiàn)在面對教育大環(huán)境 帶著一種 迷戀單一解答的文化 一種靠選擇題折優(yōu)的文化， 而我在這里要告訴你們， 這不是學(xué)習(xí)。 這絕對是個(gè)錯(cuò)誤 去要求孩子們永遠(yuǎn)不可以犯錯(cuò)。 要求他們永遠(yuǎn)都要有正確的解答 而不允許他們?nèi)W(xué)習(xí)。 所以我們實(shí)施了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目， 這就是這個(gè)項(xiàng)目中一件作品。 我?guī)缀鯊膩頉]有展示過這些 因?yàn)槲覀儗τ阱e(cuò)誤與失敗的觀念。
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