對于每一個準(zhǔn)備考雅思的同學(xué)來說，閱讀一定的原汁原味的英語文章對于提升雅思考試分?jǐn)?shù)是非常有幫助的，那么今天就和出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)的小編一起來看看雅思閱讀材料：動物也愛跑步機(jī)。
    For the experiment， the wheels were enclosed so that small animals could come and go but so that larger animals could not knock them over. Dr. Meijer set up motion sensors and automatic video ral years and 12，000 snippets of video later， she and Yuri Robbers， also a Leiden researcher， reported the results. They were released online Tuesday in the Proceedings ofthe Royal Society B.
    為了進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)，跑輪被圍了起來，這樣小動物就能來去自由，大動物則無法把它們撞翻。梅杰安放了運(yùn)動傳感器和自動攝影機(jī)。她和同為萊頓研究人員的尤里·羅伯斯（Yuri Robbers）報告稱，幾年后，他們獲得了1.2萬個視頻片段。周二，這些結(jié)果被公布在了《英國皇家學(xué)報B》（Proceedingsof the Royal Society B.）的網(wǎng)站上。
    【經(jīng)典句式】
    experiment試驗(yàn)
    enclose封閉
    knock… over 撞翻
    setup 安裝；設(shè)置
    motionsensor運(yùn)動傳感器
    automatic自動的
    video camera攝影機(jī)
    release發(fā)布
    Gene D. Block， chancellor of the University of California， Los Angeles， was not involved with the paper but knows Dr. Meijer and had seen the wheel set up in hergarden. He said the study made it clear that wheel-running is “some type of rewarding behavior” and“probably not driven bystress or anxiety.”
    加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校校長吉恩·D·布洛克（Gene D. Block）與這篇論文無關(guān)，但是他認(rèn)識梅杰，而且還見過她在花園里放置的跑輪。他說，研究表明在跑輪上跑步是“一種有益的行為”，“可能不是出于壓力或焦慮”。
    【經(jīng)典句式】
    chancellor校長
    setup安裝；設(shè)置
    rewarding有回報的
    be driven by 出于
    stress壓力
    anxiety焦慮
    Mice accounted for 88 percent of thewheel-running events， and spent one minute to 18 on the wheel. The otheranimals each accounted for less than 1 percent. Frogs， though there were very few， were seen to get on the wheel， get off and get back on.
    在所有在跑輪上跑步的動物中，小鼠占了88%，在跑輪上花費(fèi)的時間為1到18分鐘。其他每種動物所占的比例不到1%。雖然數(shù)量不多，但是我們也看到青蛙爬上跑輪，爬下來，然后又爬回去。
    【小作文數(shù)據(jù)表達(dá)】
    … account for xx percent of … ……占……的xx%
    Russell Foster， a circadian rhythm researcher at Oxford University， said he read the paper and sent it out to other scientists on behalfof the Proceedings and was delighted when peer reviews from other scientists were positive.
    羅素·福斯特（Russell Foster）是牛津大學(xué)（Oxford University）的一名生理節(jié)律研究員。他說他讀過這篇論文，并代表《英國皇家學(xué)報B》把它發(fā)給了其他科學(xué)家。其他科學(xué)家都對此持肯定態(tài)度，這讓他感到高興。
    【經(jīng)典句式】
    on behalf of代表
    delighted高興的
    peer review同行評審
    Marc Bekoff， a professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at the University of Colorado who is active in the animal welfare movement， said in an email thathe thought the paper did show that wheel-running could be a “voluntary activity，” but that mice in labs may be doing more of it because of the stress of confinement.
    馬克·貝科夫（Marc Bekoff）是科羅拉多大學(xué)（University of Colorado）的一名生態(tài)學(xué)和進(jìn)化生物學(xué)教授，積極參與動物福利運(yùn)動。他在電子郵件中說，他認(rèn)為這篇論文的確表明跑輪運(yùn)動可能是一種“自愿活動”，但是實(shí)驗(yàn)室的老鼠可能會因?yàn)榻]的壓力而進(jìn)行更多跑輪運(yùn)動。
    【經(jīng)典句式】
    ecology生態(tài)學(xué)
    evolutionary biology進(jìn)化生物學(xué)
    animal welfare movement動物福利運(yùn)動
    voluntary自愿的
    stress壓力
    confinement限制
    “Wild bears will often pace back and forth，” he wrote， “but in captivity， the rate of doing it seems to be greatly heightened.”
    “野熊經(jīng)常會來回踱步，”他寫道，“但是如果被關(guān)起來，他們踱步的頻率似乎就會大幅度增加?！?BR>    【經(jīng)典句式】
    pace踱步；速度
    in captivity圈養(yǎng)
    rate速度；比例
    heighten提高；增強(qiáng)
    Asto why the mice， frogs or perhaps even slugs run， ormove， on the wheel， Dr. Meijer said she thought that “there is an intrinsic motivation for animals， or should I say organisms，to be active.”
    至于為什么小鼠、青蛙或者甚至連蛞蝓都會在跑輪上跑步或移動，梅杰說她認(rèn)為“動物——或者應(yīng)該說生物——天生想要保持活躍”。
    【經(jīng)典句式】
    asto至于
    intrinsic固有的
    motivation動機(jī)
    intrinsic motivation內(nèi)在動機(jī)
    organism生物
    Huda Akil， co-director of the Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute at the University of Michigan， who hasstudied reward systems， said： “It’s not a surprise. All you have to do is watch a bunch of little kids in a playground or a  run and run and run.”
    研究過獎勵機(jī)制的密歇根大學(xué)（University of Michigan）分子和行為神經(jīng)研究中心（Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute）主任胡達(dá)·阿基勒（HudaAkil）說：“這并不意外。你需要做的就是看一群小孩在操場或公園里玩耍。他們會跑啊，跑啊，一直跑。”
    【經(jīng)典句式】
    reward回報；獎勵
    a bunch of一堆
    playground操場
    Dr. Akil said that in humans， running activates reward pathways in thebrain， although she pointed out that there are innate differences in temperament in all sorts of animals， including humans. Ratsthat do not like to run can be  plenty of people do all they can to avoid jogging，cycling and elliptical machines.
    阿基勒說，在人類身上，跑步運(yùn)動可以激活大腦里的獎賞回路，雖然她指出各種各樣的動物的秉性都存在固有的不同，人類也是如此?？梢耘嘤霾粣叟艿拇笫?。而極盡可能地避免慢跑、騎車和玩橢圓機(jī)的人類也多得是。
    【經(jīng)典句式】
    activate激活
    reward pathway獎賞回路
    innate固有的
    temperament性格；氣質(zhì)
    all sorts of各種各樣的
    breed-bred- bred 繁殖；培育
    plenty of很多的；足夠的
    jogging慢跑
    cycling騎自行車
    elliptical machine橢圓機(jī)
    Presumably， the same is true of wild mice. While some were setting the wheel on fire with their exertions， others， out of camera range， may have been sprawled out on the mouse equivalent of a lounge chair， shaking their whiskers in dismay and disbelief.
    對野鼠而言也應(yīng)是如此。雖然有些老鼠正在跑輪上奮力奔跑，但是那些在攝像機(jī)覆蓋范圍之外的老鼠，可能正攤開手腳躺在老鼠版的休閑椅上，驚恐地或難以置信地抖著胡須。
    【經(jīng)典句式】
    presumably應(yīng)該，表推測
    set… on fire 使著火
    exertion發(fā)揮；運(yùn)用；努力
    out of range在范圍之外
    sprawl蔓延
    sprawl out攤開手腳躺
    equivalent等同物
    lounge chair休閑椅
    whisker胡須
    dismay沮喪；驚慌
    disbelief難以置信