詞根詞綴學(xué)英語單詞是很好的方法,下面是初中英語單詞構(gòu)詞法前綴后綴詞匯一覽表。
前綴 例詞 派生詞
un- “不” happy unhappy
like unlike
usual unusual
friendly unfriendly
im-“不” possible impossible
后綴 例詞 派生詞
-er“人” teach teacher
play player
clean cleaner
drive driver
(以e結(jié)尾,-r)
run runner
(重讀閉音節(jié),雙寫-er)
win winner
travel traveller
-or“人” invent inventor
visit visitor
-ly(副詞后綴) bad badly
quick quickly
careful carefully
happy happily
deep deeply
lucky luckily
usual usually
noisy noisily
slow slowly
angry angrily
strong strongly
quiet quietly
特例:true truly
terrible terribly
possible possibly
-ful(形容詞后綴) care careful
help helpful
use useful
forget forgetful
-y (形容詞后綴) rain rainy
luck lucky
cloud cloudy
noise noisy
(以e結(jié)尾,去e,加-y)
snow snowy
sun sunny
(雙寫,加-y)
wind windy
-ion(名詞后綴) invent invention
operate operation
-ness(名詞后綴) busy business
good goodness
一些特例:
動詞---形容詞
sleep asleep
die dead
enjoy enjoyable
動詞---現(xiàn)在分詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞
boat boating
build building
begin beginning
cross crossing
meet meeting
turn turning
名詞---形容詞
friend friendly
south southern
wool woolen
danger dangerous
difference different
fry fried
worry worried
動詞---過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)為形容詞
break broken
lose lost please pleased
colour coloured
動詞---名詞
know knowledge
fly flight
please pleasure
名詞---名詞
farmfarmer 農(nóng)夫
動詞---現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)為形容詞
follow following
interest interested“感興趣的” 只作表語,
僅用于be interested in
interesting “有趣的”
可作表語 和定語
develop developed “發(fā)達(dá)的”
developing “發(fā)展中的”