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高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng) 疑問(wèn)句
2009-03-18 11:28 來(lái)源：互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 作者：佚名 [打印] [評(píng)論]
反意疑問(wèn)句
一.反意疑問(wèn)句的分類(lèi):
1.第一類(lèi)反意疑問(wèn)句由兩部分組成, 前一部分作陳述; 后一部分提問(wèn), 起證實(shí)或反證作用, 或只表示疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)調(diào)的作用, 其肯定或否定與前一部分相反. 這一類(lèi)反意疑問(wèn)句實(shí)際上不表示疑問(wèn), 也并不一定要求對(duì)方回答
a. You haven’t done your homework, have you ?
b. You will be away for long, won’t you ?
2.第二類(lèi)反意疑問(wèn)句也由兩部分組成, 前一部分作肯定的陳述, 用肯定形式, 后一部分提問(wèn)也用肯定形式, 表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)第一部分的陳述的真實(shí)性有所懷疑, 請(qǐng)對(duì)方加以證實(shí)
a. He teaches English, does he ?
二.應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題:
1.疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)與陳述部分的主語(yǔ)的對(duì)應(yīng):
①.陳述部分是there be結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分用be(not) ther提問(wèn)
a. There is no doubt about it, is there ?
b. There are hundreds of students on the playground, aren’t there ?
②.陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是everyone, someone, anyone, no one等表示人的不定代詞時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分主語(yǔ)多用they, 也可用he
a. Everyone knows his job, doesn’t he ? / Everyone knows their jobs, don’t they ?
③.陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是everything, nothing, something等表示物的不定代詞時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)用it.
a. Everything goes very well, doesn’t it ?
④.陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是each時(shí), 如果強(qiáng)調(diào)單個(gè), 疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)用單數(shù)代詞; 如果強(qiáng)調(diào)全體, 疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)代詞
a. Each of the students has his own desk, doesn’t he ?
b. Each of the students passed the exam, didn’t they ?
c. Each of the pens has a red cap, doesn’t it ?
⑤.陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是不定式, 動(dòng)名詞, 詞組或從句時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)用it
a. To drive a car is not easy, is it ?
b. Seeing is believing, isn’t it ?
c. That you are leaving soon is true, isn’t it ?
⑥.陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是this , that, these, those時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)要用it 或they
a. This is very important, isn’t it ?
b. These are the books you bought yesterday, aren’t they ?
2.疑問(wèn)部分的不完全動(dòng)詞與陳述部分的不完全動(dòng)詞的對(duì)應(yīng):
①.陳述部分沒(méi)有不完全動(dòng)詞(即謂語(yǔ)中只有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分用do的某形式來(lái)提問(wèn)
a. He likes English very much, doesn’t he ?
b. He went to the cinema last Sunday, didn’t he ?
c. You have learned English for eight years, haven’t you ?
②.陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是used to do(過(guò)去經(jīng)常)時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分既可用used, 也可用did提問(wèn)
a. He used to live in London, usedn’t / didn’t he ?
③.若在陳述部分將need / dare / have作為不完全動(dòng)詞使用, 則疑問(wèn)部分仍用need / dare / have提問(wèn); 若在陳述部分將need / dare / have作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞來(lái)用, 則疑問(wèn)部分用do的某一形式提問(wèn)
a. We need to do it right now, don’t we ?
b. We needn’t do it right now, need we ?
c. You have finished your homework, haven’t you ?
d. You have a computer of you own, don’t you ?
④.陳述部分有must表示 “一定是, 肯定是”的推測(cè)意義時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分不用must提問(wèn), 而要根據(jù)must所表示的時(shí)間, 用do / be的某一形式來(lái)提問(wèn), 具體對(duì)應(yīng)情況見(jiàn)下表:
陳述部分謂語(yǔ)形式
含義
疑問(wèn)部分用來(lái)提問(wèn)的不完全動(dòng)詞
must do / be
一般情況或現(xiàn)在狀態(tài)
do, am / is / are
must be doing
正在發(fā)生的情況
am / is / are
must have done
過(guò)去發(fā)生的情況
did
a. He must be a student in this school, isn’t he ?
b. You must be tired, aren’t you ?
c. They must be doing their lessons right now, aren’t they ?
d. You must have met him at the party yesterday, didn’t you ?
⑤.陳述部分有must表示“有必要”時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分用needn’t提問(wèn)
a. You must go home right now, needn’t you ?
3.其他問(wèn)題:
①.陳述部分謂語(yǔ)出現(xiàn)有否定詞綴的動(dòng)詞時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分仍用否定結(jié)構(gòu)
a. He is unfit for his office, isn’t he ?
②.陳述部分含有no, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分要用肯定形式
a. He hardly knows English, does he ?
③.陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是I時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分中否定常用aren’t I.
a. I am your friend, aren’t I ?
④.陳述部分是I ( don’t ) think / believe / suppose / expect that….(即“否定轉(zhuǎn)移句”)時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分要根據(jù)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句來(lái)作
a. I think he can finish the work, can’t he ?
b. I don’t think he can finish the work, can he ?
陳述部分謂語(yǔ)形式含義疑問(wèn)部分用來(lái)提問(wèn)的不完全動(dòng)詞
must do / be一般情況或現(xiàn)在狀態(tài)do, am / is / are
must be doing正在發(fā)生的情況am / is / are
must have done過(guò)去發(fā)生的情況did
a. He must be a student in this school, isn’t he ?
b. You must be tired, aren’t you ?
c. They must be doing their lessons right now, aren’t they ?
d. You must have met him at the party yesterday, didn’t you ?
⑤.陳述部分有must表示“有必要”時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分用needn’t提問(wèn)
a. You must go home right now, needn’t you ?
3.其他問(wèn)題:
①.陳述部分謂語(yǔ)出現(xiàn)有否定詞綴的動(dòng)詞時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分仍用否定結(jié)構(gòu)
a. He is unfit for his office, isn’t he ?
②.陳述部分含有no, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分要用肯定形式
a. He hardly knows English, does he ?
③.陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是I時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分中否定常用aren’t I.
a. I am your friend, aren’t I ?
④.陳述部分是I ( don’t ) think / believe / suppose / expect that….(即“否定轉(zhuǎn)移句”)時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分要根據(jù)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句來(lái)作
a. I think he can finish the work, can’t he ?
b. I don’t think he can finish the work, can he ?
第二十章：直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)
一.直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)換:
1.直接引語(yǔ)是陳述句, 變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)將陳述句變成that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句
a. Mary said, “ I arrived yesterday.” =Mary said that she had arrived the day before.
b. Alice said, “ I’ve just got a letter from my father.” =Alice said that she had just got a letter from her father.
2.直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句, 變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 把一般疑問(wèn)句變成由if / whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句, 同時(shí)將語(yǔ)序改成陳述語(yǔ)序, said變成asked, asked后沒(méi)有間接賓語(yǔ)時(shí), 要加一個(gè)間接賓語(yǔ)如me / him /her等
a. Jane asked Tom, “ Have you finished writing the report ?” =Jane asked Tom if / whether he had finished writing the report.
b. Jane asked Dick, “ Have you finished writing the report ?” =Jane asked Dick if / whether he had finished writing the report.
3.直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句, 變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 特殊疑問(wèn)句變成由原疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句, 同時(shí)變成陳述語(yǔ)序
a. “What are you doing Jack ?” Mary asked. =Mary asked him what he was doing.
b. They asked him, “ When do you harvest the wheat ?” =They asked him when he harvested the wheat.
c. “When did you leave Shanghai ?” Peter asked me. =Peter asked me when I left Shanghai.
4.直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句, 變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 把祈使句變成一個(gè)不定式短語(yǔ), 同時(shí)根據(jù)不同的口氣選用適當(dāng)?shù)闹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞, 構(gòu)成ask / tell / order sb (not) to do sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)
a. “Don’t come late again.” he said. =He told me not to come late again.
b. “Turn the oil over, please.” He said. =He asked me to turn the soil over.
c. The farmer said, “ Don’t grow plants in the same place year after year.” =The farmer told me not to grow plants in the same place year after year.
二.應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題: 在直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)要注意以下問(wèn)題
1.人稱(chēng)代詞, 物主代詞要作相應(yīng)的變化, 這方面的變化與漢語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣完全相同
a. He said, “ I like it very much.” =He said that he liked it very much.
b. He said, “ I have left my book in your room.” =He said he had left his book in my room.
2.時(shí)態(tài)的變化: 如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí), 直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)方面要作相應(yīng)的變化(見(jiàn)下表); 如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí), 從句的時(shí)態(tài)無(wú)需變化
直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)He said, “ I am afraid I can’t finish this work”一般過(guò)去時(shí)He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish that work
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)He said, “ I am using the knife.”過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)He said that he was using the knife.
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)She said, “ I have not heard from him since May.”過(guò)去完成時(shí)She said that she had not heard from him since May.
一般過(guò)去時(shí)He said, “ I came to help you.”過(guò)去完成時(shí)He said that he had come to help me.
過(guò)去完成時(shí)He said, “ I had finished my homework before supper.”過(guò)去完成時(shí)He said that he had finished his homework before supper.
一般將來(lái)時(shí)Zhou Lan said, “ I will do it after class.”過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)Zhou Lan said that she would do it after class.
些指示代詞, 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ), 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞要做相應(yīng)的變化:
直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)
this She said, “ I will come this morning.”thatShe said that she would go that morning.
theseHe said, “ These books are mine.”thoseHe said that those books were his.
nowHe said, “ It is nine o’clock now.”thenHe said that it was nine o’clock then.
todayHe said, “ I haven’t seen her today.”that dayHe said that he hadn’t seen her that day.
yesterdayShe said, “ I went there yesterday.”the day beforeShe said that she had gone there the day before.
tomorrowShe said, “ I will go there tomorrow.”the next / following dayShe said that she would go there the next day.
hereHe said, “ My sister was here three days ago.”thereHe said that his sister had been there three days before.
comeShe said, “ I will come here this evening.”goShe said that she would go there that evening.
agoHe said, “ I went there three days ago.”beforeHe said that he had gone there three days before.
last nightHe said, “ I saw the film last night.”the night beforeHe said that he had seen the film the night before.
next weekHe said, “ The meeting will be held next week.”the next weekHe said that the meeting would be held the next week.
4.直接引語(yǔ)如果是客觀真理, 變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 時(shí)態(tài)不變, 如:
a. He said, “ Light travels much faster than sound.” =He said that light travels much faster than sound.
5.如果在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述, here不必改為there, come不必改為go, yesterday / tomorrow等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也不必改變
《高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng) 疑問(wèn)句》由英語(yǔ)編輯整理,更多請(qǐng)?jiān)L問(wèn):https://www.liuxue86.com/english/
高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng) 疑問(wèn)句
2009-03-18 11:28 來(lái)源：互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 作者：佚名 [打印] [評(píng)論]
反意疑問(wèn)句
一.反意疑問(wèn)句的分類(lèi):
1.第一類(lèi)反意疑問(wèn)句由兩部分組成, 前一部分作陳述; 后一部分提問(wèn), 起證實(shí)或反證作用, 或只表示疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)調(diào)的作用, 其肯定或否定與前一部分相反. 這一類(lèi)反意疑問(wèn)句實(shí)際上不表示疑問(wèn), 也并不一定要求對(duì)方回答
a. You haven’t done your homework, have you ?
b. You will be away for long, won’t you ?
2.第二類(lèi)反意疑問(wèn)句也由兩部分組成, 前一部分作肯定的陳述, 用肯定形式, 后一部分提問(wèn)也用肯定形式, 表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)第一部分的陳述的真實(shí)性有所懷疑, 請(qǐng)對(duì)方加以證實(shí)
a. He teaches English, does he ?
二.應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題:
1.疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)與陳述部分的主語(yǔ)的對(duì)應(yīng):
①.陳述部分是there be結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分用be(not) ther提問(wèn)
a. There is no doubt about it, is there ?
b. There are hundreds of students on the playground, aren’t there ?
②.陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是everyone, someone, anyone, no one等表示人的不定代詞時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分主語(yǔ)多用they, 也可用he
a. Everyone knows his job, doesn’t he ? / Everyone knows their jobs, don’t they ?
③.陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是everything, nothing, something等表示物的不定代詞時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)用it.
a. Everything goes very well, doesn’t it ?
④.陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是each時(shí), 如果強(qiáng)調(diào)單個(gè), 疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)用單數(shù)代詞; 如果強(qiáng)調(diào)全體, 疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)代詞
a. Each of the students has his own desk, doesn’t he ?
b. Each of the students passed the exam, didn’t they ?
c. Each of the pens has a red cap, doesn’t it ?
⑤.陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是不定式, 動(dòng)名詞, 詞組或從句時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)用it
a. To drive a car is not easy, is it ?
b. Seeing is believing, isn’t it ?
c. That you are leaving soon is true, isn’t it ?
⑥.陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是this , that, these, those時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)要用it 或they
a. This is very important, isn’t it ?
b. These are the books you bought yesterday, aren’t they ?
2.疑問(wèn)部分的不完全動(dòng)詞與陳述部分的不完全動(dòng)詞的對(duì)應(yīng):
①.陳述部分沒(méi)有不完全動(dòng)詞(即謂語(yǔ)中只有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分用do的某形式來(lái)提問(wèn)
a. He likes English very much, doesn’t he ?
b. He went to the cinema last Sunday, didn’t he ?
c. You have learned English for eight years, haven’t you ?
②.陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是used to do(過(guò)去經(jīng)常)時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分既可用used, 也可用did提問(wèn)
a. He used to live in London, usedn’t / didn’t he ?
③.若在陳述部分將need / dare / have作為不完全動(dòng)詞使用, 則疑問(wèn)部分仍用need / dare / have提問(wèn); 若在陳述部分將need / dare / have作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞來(lái)用, 則疑問(wèn)部分用do的某一形式提問(wèn)
a. We need to do it right now, don’t we ?
b. We needn’t do it right now, need we ?
c. You have finished your homework, haven’t you ?
d. You have a computer of you own, don’t you ?
④.陳述部分有must表示 “一定是, 肯定是”的推測(cè)意義時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分不用must提問(wèn), 而要根據(jù)must所表示的時(shí)間, 用do / be的某一形式來(lái)提問(wèn), 具體對(duì)應(yīng)情況見(jiàn)下表:
陳述部分謂語(yǔ)形式
含義
疑問(wèn)部分用來(lái)提問(wèn)的不完全動(dòng)詞
must do / be
一般情況或現(xiàn)在狀態(tài)
do, am / is / are
must be doing
正在發(fā)生的情況
am / is / are
must have done
過(guò)去發(fā)生的情況
did
a. He must be a student in this school, isn’t he ?
b. You must be tired, aren’t you ?
c. They must be doing their lessons right now, aren’t they ?
d. You must have met him at the party yesterday, didn’t you ?
⑤.陳述部分有must表示“有必要”時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分用needn’t提問(wèn)
a. You must go home right now, needn’t you ?
3.其他問(wèn)題:
①.陳述部分謂語(yǔ)出現(xiàn)有否定詞綴的動(dòng)詞時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分仍用否定結(jié)構(gòu)
a. He is unfit for his office, isn’t he ?
②.陳述部分含有no, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分要用肯定形式
a. He hardly knows English, does he ?
③.陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是I時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分中否定常用aren’t I.
a. I am your friend, aren’t I ?
④.陳述部分是I ( don’t ) think / believe / suppose / expect that….(即“否定轉(zhuǎn)移句”)時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分要根據(jù)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句來(lái)作
a. I think he can finish the work, can’t he ?
b. I don’t think he can finish the work, can he ?
陳述部分謂語(yǔ)形式含義疑問(wèn)部分用來(lái)提問(wèn)的不完全動(dòng)詞
must do / be一般情況或現(xiàn)在狀態(tài)do, am / is / are
must be doing正在發(fā)生的情況am / is / are
must have done過(guò)去發(fā)生的情況did
a. He must be a student in this school, isn’t he ?
b. You must be tired, aren’t you ?
c. They must be doing their lessons right now, aren’t they ?
d. You must have met him at the party yesterday, didn’t you ?
⑤.陳述部分有must表示“有必要”時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分用needn’t提問(wèn)
a. You must go home right now, needn’t you ?
3.其他問(wèn)題:
①.陳述部分謂語(yǔ)出現(xiàn)有否定詞綴的動(dòng)詞時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分仍用否定結(jié)構(gòu)
a. He is unfit for his office, isn’t he ?
②.陳述部分含有no, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分要用肯定形式
a. He hardly knows English, does he ?
③.陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是I時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分中否定常用aren’t I.
a. I am your friend, aren’t I ?
④.陳述部分是I ( don’t ) think / believe / suppose / expect that….(即“否定轉(zhuǎn)移句”)時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分要根據(jù)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句來(lái)作
a. I think he can finish the work, can’t he ?
b. I don’t think he can finish the work, can he ?
第二十章：直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)
一.直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)換:
1.直接引語(yǔ)是陳述句, 變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)將陳述句變成that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句
a. Mary said, “ I arrived yesterday.” =Mary said that she had arrived the day before.
b. Alice said, “ I’ve just got a letter from my father.” =Alice said that she had just got a letter from her father.
2.直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句, 變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 把一般疑問(wèn)句變成由if / whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句, 同時(shí)將語(yǔ)序改成陳述語(yǔ)序, said變成asked, asked后沒(méi)有間接賓語(yǔ)時(shí), 要加一個(gè)間接賓語(yǔ)如me / him /her等
a. Jane asked Tom, “ Have you finished writing the report ?” =Jane asked Tom if / whether he had finished writing the report.
b. Jane asked Dick, “ Have you finished writing the report ?” =Jane asked Dick if / whether he had finished writing the report.
3.直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句, 變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 特殊疑問(wèn)句變成由原疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句, 同時(shí)變成陳述語(yǔ)序
a. “What are you doing Jack ?” Mary asked. =Mary asked him what he was doing.
b. They asked him, “ When do you harvest the wheat ?” =They asked him when he harvested the wheat.
c. “When did you leave Shanghai ?” Peter asked me. =Peter asked me when I left Shanghai.
4.直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句, 變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 把祈使句變成一個(gè)不定式短語(yǔ), 同時(shí)根據(jù)不同的口氣選用適當(dāng)?shù)闹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞, 構(gòu)成ask / tell / order sb (not) to do sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)
a. “Don’t come late again.” he said. =He told me not to come late again.
b. “Turn the oil over, please.” He said. =He asked me to turn the soil over.
c. The farmer said, “ Don’t grow plants in the same place year after year.” =The farmer told me not to grow plants in the same place year after year.
二.應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題: 在直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)要注意以下問(wèn)題
1.人稱(chēng)代詞, 物主代詞要作相應(yīng)的變化, 這方面的變化與漢語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣完全相同
a. He said, “ I like it very much.” =He said that he liked it very much.
b. He said, “ I have left my book in your room.” =He said he had left his book in my room.
2.時(shí)態(tài)的變化: 如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí), 直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)方面要作相應(yīng)的變化(見(jiàn)下表); 如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí), 從句的時(shí)態(tài)無(wú)需變化
直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)He said, “ I am afraid I can’t finish this work”一般過(guò)去時(shí)He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish that work
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)He said, “ I am using the knife.”過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)He said that he was using the knife.
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)She said, “ I have not heard from him since May.”過(guò)去完成時(shí)She said that she had not heard from him since May.
一般過(guò)去時(shí)He said, “ I came to help you.”過(guò)去完成時(shí)He said that he had come to help me.
過(guò)去完成時(shí)He said, “ I had finished my homework before supper.”過(guò)去完成時(shí)He said that he had finished his homework before supper.
一般將來(lái)時(shí)Zhou Lan said, “ I will do it after class.”過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)Zhou Lan said that she would do it after class.
些指示代詞, 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ), 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞要做相應(yīng)的變化:
直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)
this She said, “ I will come this morning.”thatShe said that she would go that morning.
theseHe said, “ These books are mine.”thoseHe said that those books were his.
nowHe said, “ It is nine o’clock now.”thenHe said that it was nine o’clock then.
todayHe said, “ I haven’t seen her today.”that dayHe said that he hadn’t seen her that day.
yesterdayShe said, “ I went there yesterday.”the day beforeShe said that she had gone there the day before.
tomorrowShe said, “ I will go there tomorrow.”the next / following dayShe said that she would go there the next day.
hereHe said, “ My sister was here three days ago.”thereHe said that his sister had been there three days before.
comeShe said, “ I will come here this evening.”goShe said that she would go there that evening.
agoHe said, “ I went there three days ago.”beforeHe said that he had gone there three days before.
last nightHe said, “ I saw the film last night.”the night beforeHe said that he had seen the film the night before.
next weekHe said, “ The meeting will be held next week.”the next weekHe said that the meeting would be held the next week.
4.直接引語(yǔ)如果是客觀真理, 變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 時(shí)態(tài)不變, 如:
a. He said, “ Light travels much faster than sound.” =He said that light travels much faster than sound.
5.如果在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述, here不必改為there, come不必改為go, yesterday / tomorrow等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也不必改變
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