《常用英語詞語辨析105組(11)》由出國留學(xué)編輯精心為您學(xué)習(xí)英語準備.liuxue86.com。本內(nèi)容整理時間為05月12日，如有任何問題請聯(lián)系我們。
101.such as 和for example
這兩個短語都可以作“例如”解。for example用來舉例說明某一論點或情況，一般只舉同類人或物中的“一個”為例，作插入語，可位于句首，句中或句末。例如：
Ball games, for example, have spread around the world. 球類運動就已經(jīng)在世界各地傳播開了。
What would you do if you met a wild animal？？a lion, for example? 如果遇上野獸，例如獅子，你該怎么辦？
such as用來列舉事物時，一般列舉同類人或事物中的幾個例子。插在被列舉的事物與前面的名詞之間，as后面不可有逗號。例如：
Some of the rubbish, such as food, paper and iron, rots away over a long period of time.
有些廢物，如剩飯、廢紙和廢鐵，時間一久就爛掉了。
注意：使用這個短語時，后面列舉的事物的數(shù)量不能等于它前面所提到的總和，一旦相等就要用that is或namely。如不可以說：I have three good friends, such as John, Jack and Tom. 應(yīng)該說：I have three good friends, that is, John, Jack and Tom。我有三個好朋友，即約翰、杰克和湯姆。
102.reason 和cause
The ____ of the big fire was his carelessness.
A.reason B.cause C.causing D.reasoning
解答：B。reason強調(diào)一種推理的理由，而cause是指導(dǎo)致某件事情發(fā)生的人或事。
103.when while 與 as
1,when表示“當……的時候”。從句中既可用延續(xù)性動詞，又可用非延續(xù)性動詞，這些動詞既可以表示動作，又可表示狀態(tài)。從句中的動作既可和主句的動作同時發(fā)生，又可在主句的動作之前或之后發(fā)生。如：
When I came into the room, I found him lying there asleep.
Mary was having dinner when I saw her.
When you meet a word you don''t know, consult the dictionary.
She was beautiful when she was a girl.
如果when從句的主語與主句主語相同，謂語又是be動詞，從句主語和be可以省略：當when從句主語與主句主語相同時，用when加分詞可以替代狀語從句。如：
When（you are）in trouble, ask her for help.
When（I was）sleeping, I never heard a thing.
2，as
(1)表示"當……時"、"和……同時"。常指從句的動作未結(jié)束，主句中的動作就已發(fā)生。從句中多用表示動作的動詞，而不用be動詞或表示感覺、理解、知道這類動詞。
As he stood there, he saw two men enter the bar.
She dropped the glass as she stood up.
As I was walking down the street, an American asked me for directions to the nearest station.
(2)用于平行的動作中，表示"一面……一面……"。常指一個主語同時進行兩個動作。如：
He sang as he worked.
The students took notes as they listened.
3,While表示"在……的時候"、"在……期間"。它強調(diào)主句的動作與從句的動作同時發(fā)生或主句的動作發(fā)生在從句的動作過程中。While從句中必須是表示動作或狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動詞。如：
Never get on or off a bus while it is in motion.
The weather was fine while we were in Beijing.
She called while I was out.
104.become,get和turn
get，turn，become等均可譯為“變得”，但它們在用法上有些區(qū)別。
（1）get用于日語，通常跟隨比較級。
It gets coldr。天氣變冷了。
（2）turn是指在顏色和性質(zhì)等方面變得與原來不同。
His face truned red。他的臉變紅了。
（3）become是指身份、職位的變化，作瞬間動詞時指狀態(tài)的變化。
He becomes a teacher 。他成了一名老師。
將來“成為”不用“become”而用"be"。
She will be a teacher。她將成為一名老師。
105.near 與 beside
near,by,beside表示“在……附近”的區(qū)別：
near表示相對的“近”， 實際距離可能還很遠。例如：
Suzhou is near Shanghai.
There is a post office near our school.
beside表示“靠近”，實際距離不可能很遠，例如：
He was sitting beside her.
《常用英語詞語辨析105組(11)》由出國留學(xué)編輯精心為您學(xué)習(xí)英語準備.liuxue86.com
101.such as 和for example
這兩個短語都可以作“例如”解。for example用來舉例說明某一論點或情況，一般只舉同類人或物中的“一個”為例，作插入語，可位于句首，句中或句末。例如：
Ball games, for example, have spread around the world. 球類運動就已經(jīng)在世界各地傳播開了。
What would you do if you met a wild animal？？a lion, for example? 如果遇上野獸，例如獅子，你該怎么辦？
such as用來列舉事物時，一般列舉同類人或事物中的幾個例子。插在被列舉的事物與前面的名詞之間，as后面不可有逗號。例如：
Some of the rubbish, such as food, paper and iron, rots away over a long period of time.
有些廢物，如剩飯、廢紙和廢鐵，時間一久就爛掉了。
注意：使用這個短語時，后面列舉的事物的數(shù)量不能等于它前面所提到的總和，一旦相等就要用that is或namely。如不可以說：I have three good friends, such as John, Jack and Tom. 應(yīng)該說：I have three good friends, that is, John, Jack and Tom。我有三個好朋友，即約翰、杰克和湯姆。
102.reason 和cause
The ____ of the big fire was his carelessness.
A.reason B.cause C.causing D.reasoning
解答：B。reason強調(diào)一種推理的理由，而cause是指導(dǎo)致某件事情發(fā)生的人或事。
103.when while 與 as
1,when表示“當……的時候”。從句中既可用延續(xù)性動詞，又可用非延續(xù)性動詞，這些動詞既可以表示動作，又可表示狀態(tài)。從句中的動作既可和主句的動作同時發(fā)生，又可在主句的動作之前或之后發(fā)生。如：
When I came into the room, I found him lying there asleep.
Mary was having dinner when I saw her.
When you meet a word you don''t know, consult the dictionary.
She was beautiful when she was a girl.
如果when從句的主語與主句主語相同，謂語又是be動詞，從句主語和be可以省略：當when從句主語與主句主語相同時，用when加分詞可以替代狀語從句。如：
When（you are）in trouble, ask her for help.
When（I was）sleeping, I never heard a thing.
2，as
(1)表示"當……時"、"和……同時"。常指從句的動作未結(jié)束，主句中的動作就已發(fā)生。從句中多用表示動作的動詞，而不用be動詞或表示感覺、理解、知道這類動詞。
As he stood there, he saw two men enter the bar.
She dropped the glass as she stood up.
As I was walking down the street, an American asked me for directions to the nearest station.
(2)用于平行的動作中，表示"一面……一面……"。常指一個主語同時進行兩個動作。如：
He sang as he worked.
The students took notes as they listened.
3,While表示"在……的時候"、"在……期間"。它強調(diào)主句的動作與從句的動作同時發(fā)生或主句的動作發(fā)生在從句的動作過程中。While從句中必須是表示動作或狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動詞。如：
Never get on or off a bus while it is in motion.
The weather was fine while we were in Beijing.
She called while I was out.
104.become,get和turn
get，turn，become等均可譯為“變得”，但它們在用法上有些區(qū)別。
（1）get用于日語，通常跟隨比較級。
It gets coldr。天氣變冷了。
（2）turn是指在顏色和性質(zhì)等方面變得與原來不同。
His face truned red。他的臉變紅了。
（3）become是指身份、職位的變化，作瞬間動詞時指狀態(tài)的變化。
He becomes a teacher 。他成了一名老師。
將來“成為”不用“become”而用"be"。
She will be a teacher。她將成為一名老師。
105.near 與 beside
near,by,beside表示“在……附近”的區(qū)別：
near表示相對的“近”， 實際距離可能還很遠。例如：
Suzhou is near Shanghai.
There is a post office near our school.
beside表示“靠近”，實際距離不可能很遠，例如：
He was sitting beside her.
《常用英語詞語辨析105組(11)》由出國留學(xué)編輯精心為您學(xué)習(xí)英語準備.liuxue86.com