二曰條標(biāo)內(nèi)涵<條文內(nèi)涵,如:
2.第十三條(監(jiān)督檢查制度)
縣、區(qū)人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)組織土地管理部門和農(nóng)業(yè)行政管理部門以及其他有關(guān)部門對(duì)基本農(nóng)田保護(hù)情況定期進(jìn)行檢查,并將檢查情況報(bào)送市房地局和市農(nóng)委。
市房地局和市農(nóng)委應(yīng)當(dāng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)縣、區(qū)基本農(nóng)田保護(hù)工作的監(jiān)督和指導(dǎo)。
Article 13 (Supervision and Inspection System)
The county(district)people's governments shall organize the land administration departments, agricultural administration departments, and other departments to make regular inspections of the protection of basic farmland and report the results to the Housing and Land Bureau and the Agricultural Commission.
The Housing and Land Bureau and the Agricultural Commission shall strengthen their supervision and guidance over the county's(district's)protection work of basic farmland protection.
-Ibid., pp.188/192
3.第一條(目的)
為了建立和完善本市事業(yè)單位登記管理制度,根據(jù)國(guó)家有關(guān)規(guī)定,結(jié)合本市實(shí)際情況,制定本辦法。
Article I(Purpose)
The present Procedures are formulated in accordance with the relevant stipulations of the State and the actual conditions of Shanghai with a view to establishing and improving the administration of the registration of the institution in this Municipality.
=Ibid., pp.112/115
4.第一條(目的)
為了保護(hù)本市城鄉(xiāng)居民的基本生活,幫助個(gè)人或者家庭克服生活困難,維護(hù)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定,促進(jìn)社會(huì)進(jìn)步,根據(jù)本市實(shí)際情況,制定本辦法。
Article 1(Purpose)
The present Procedures are formulated in the light of the actual conditions of this Municipality with a view to ensuring the basic needs of life of the urban and rural residents in this Municipality, helping individual persons or families in overcoming the difficulties in their living, maintaining social stability and promoting social progress.
-Ibid., pp.157/160
以上立法者毛手毛腳地馬虎從事:例1中法律的條文本文中只有立法依據(jù)——“根據(jù)……,結(jié)合……”——而根本沒(méi)有什么立法目的;但在上例條標(biāo)中卻無(wú)中生有,冒出了條文中所沒(méi)有的“目的”,使條標(biāo)內(nèi)涵瘋長(zhǎng)一倍,變成“目的和依據(jù)”了。英譯者呢,又在立法者毛手毛腳、馬馬虎虎的 “基礎(chǔ)”上再毛手毛腳、馬馬虎虎,連漢語(yǔ)條文的本文也不屑一顧,單看漢語(yǔ)錯(cuò)誤條標(biāo)中“目的和依據(jù)”五字就機(jī)械自動(dòng)化地誤譯成“Purpose and Basis”了事。
例2至例4的性質(zhì)也是一樣,只是方向正好相反——例1是條標(biāo)大于條文,例2-3則是條標(biāo)小于條文:原文的內(nèi)涵比條標(biāo)多了。如例2條文本身是“督導(dǎo)檢查”而條標(biāo)卻只反映了條文內(nèi)涵的三分之二——“監(jiān)督、檢查制度”;例3與例4,則條標(biāo)(目的)只反映了條文(“目的和依據(jù)”)的前一半而丟了后一半。譯者不察,就跟著立法者錯(cuò)誤的條標(biāo),堂而皇之地跟著譯錯(cuò)。
2.第十三條(監(jiān)督檢查制度)
縣、區(qū)人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)組織土地管理部門和農(nóng)業(yè)行政管理部門以及其他有關(guān)部門對(duì)基本農(nóng)田保護(hù)情況定期進(jìn)行檢查,并將檢查情況報(bào)送市房地局和市農(nóng)委。
市房地局和市農(nóng)委應(yīng)當(dāng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)縣、區(qū)基本農(nóng)田保護(hù)工作的監(jiān)督和指導(dǎo)。
Article 13 (Supervision and Inspection System)
The county(district)people's governments shall organize the land administration departments, agricultural administration departments, and other departments to make regular inspections of the protection of basic farmland and report the results to the Housing and Land Bureau and the Agricultural Commission.
The Housing and Land Bureau and the Agricultural Commission shall strengthen their supervision and guidance over the county's(district's)protection work of basic farmland protection.
-Ibid., pp.188/192
3.第一條(目的)
為了建立和完善本市事業(yè)單位登記管理制度,根據(jù)國(guó)家有關(guān)規(guī)定,結(jié)合本市實(shí)際情況,制定本辦法。
Article I(Purpose)
The present Procedures are formulated in accordance with the relevant stipulations of the State and the actual conditions of Shanghai with a view to establishing and improving the administration of the registration of the institution in this Municipality.
=Ibid., pp.112/115
4.第一條(目的)
為了保護(hù)本市城鄉(xiāng)居民的基本生活,幫助個(gè)人或者家庭克服生活困難,維護(hù)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定,促進(jìn)社會(huì)進(jìn)步,根據(jù)本市實(shí)際情況,制定本辦法。
Article 1(Purpose)
The present Procedures are formulated in the light of the actual conditions of this Municipality with a view to ensuring the basic needs of life of the urban and rural residents in this Municipality, helping individual persons or families in overcoming the difficulties in their living, maintaining social stability and promoting social progress.
-Ibid., pp.157/160
以上立法者毛手毛腳地馬虎從事:例1中法律的條文本文中只有立法依據(jù)——“根據(jù)……,結(jié)合……”——而根本沒(méi)有什么立法目的;但在上例條標(biāo)中卻無(wú)中生有,冒出了條文中所沒(méi)有的“目的”,使條標(biāo)內(nèi)涵瘋長(zhǎng)一倍,變成“目的和依據(jù)”了。英譯者呢,又在立法者毛手毛腳、馬馬虎虎的 “基礎(chǔ)”上再毛手毛腳、馬馬虎虎,連漢語(yǔ)條文的本文也不屑一顧,單看漢語(yǔ)錯(cuò)誤條標(biāo)中“目的和依據(jù)”五字就機(jī)械自動(dòng)化地誤譯成“Purpose and Basis”了事。
例2至例4的性質(zhì)也是一樣,只是方向正好相反——例1是條標(biāo)大于條文,例2-3則是條標(biāo)小于條文:原文的內(nèi)涵比條標(biāo)多了。如例2條文本身是“督導(dǎo)檢查”而條標(biāo)卻只反映了條文內(nèi)涵的三分之二——“監(jiān)督、檢查制度”;例3與例4,則條標(biāo)(目的)只反映了條文(“目的和依據(jù)”)的前一半而丟了后一半。譯者不察,就跟著立法者錯(cuò)誤的條標(biāo),堂而皇之地跟著譯錯(cuò)。