完形填空是四、六級(jí)，專四等的考試題型之一，它考察學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語言的能力，即理解篇章和使用詞匯、語法的能力。
Historically, humans get serious about avoiding disasters only after one has just struck them. __62__ that logic, 2006 should have been a breakthrough year for rational behavior. With the memory of 9/11 still __63__ in their minds, Americans watched hurricane Katrina, the most expensive disaster in U.S. history, on __64__ TV. Anyone who didn't know it before should have learned that bad things can happen. And they are made __65__ worse by our willful blindness to risk as much as our __66__ to work together before everything goes to hell.
Granted, some amount of delusion(錯(cuò)覺)is probably part of the __67__ condition. In A.D. 63, Pompeii was seriously damaged by an earthquake, and the locals immediately went to work __68__, in the same spot-until they were buried altogether by a volcano eruption 16 years later. But a __69__ of the past year in disaster history suggests that modern Americans are particularly bad at __70__ themselves from guaranteed threats. We know more than we __71__ did about the dangers we face. But it turns __72__ that in times of crisis, our greatest enemy is __73__ the storm, the quake or the __74__ itself. More often it is ourselves.
So what has happened in the year that __75__ the disaster on the Gulf Coast?In New Orleans,the Army Corps of Engineers has worked day and night to rebuild the flood walls.They have got the walls to __76__ they were before Katrina,more or less.That's not __77__,we can now say with confidence.But it may be all __78__ can be expected from one year of hustle(忙碌).
Meanwhile,New Orleans offcials have crafted a plan to use buses and trains to __79__ the sick and the disabled.The city estimates that 15,000 people will need a __80__ out.However,state officials have not yet determined where these people will be taken.The __81__ with neighboring communities are on going and difficult.
(本篇為07.6真題)
__62__ 62 A) To B) By C) On D) For
__63__ 63 A) fresh B) obvious C) apparent D) evident
__64__ 64 A) visual B) vivid C) live D) lively
__65__ 65 A) little B) less C) more D) much
__66__ 66 A) reluctance B) rejection C) denial D) decline
__67__ 67 A) natural B) world C) social D) human
__68__ 68 A) revising B) refining C) rebuilding D) retrieving
__69__ 69 A) review B) reminder C) concept D) prospect
__70__ 70 A) preparing B) protesting C) protecting D) prevailing
__71__ 71 A) never B) ever C) then D) before
__72__ 72 A) up B) down C) over D) out
__73__ 73 A) merely B) rarely C) incidentally D) accidentally
__74__ 74 A) surge B) spur C) surf D) splash
__75__ 75 A) ensued B) traced C) followed D) occurred
__76__ 76 A) which B) where C) what D) when
__77__ 77 A) enough B) certain C) conclusive D) final
__78__ 78 A) but B) as C) that D) those
__79__ 79 A) exile B) evacuate C) dismiss D) displace
__80__ 80 A) ride B) trail C) path D) track
__81__ 81 A) conventions B) notifications C) communications D) negotiations
參考答案及解析:
B 62. A) To B) By C) On D) For
介詞辨析。通過對(duì)前句的分析理解，知道人性的本質(zhì)-只有在遭受了痛苦之后才會(huì) 重視痛苦，于是后句緊跟的連詞應(yīng)該是表示解釋說明，而to為至于，on為在...上面，for為因果連詞，只有by可以表示通過。
A 63. A) fresh B) obvious C) apparent D) evident
詞義辨析?？忌蹩幢绢}以為考察的是obvious, apparent, evident的詞義辨析，三個(gè)詞都表示明顯的意思，但是根據(jù)文章的意思，此處應(yīng)該是表示記憶猶新的意思，因此只有一個(gè)fresh表示的是新鮮。
C 64. A) visual B) vivid C) live D) lively
詞義辨析。本題考察更多的是常識(shí)性的問題。Live這個(gè)單詞除了有生活的意思之外，還有現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的意思。而剩余的混淆項(xiàng)完全是在誤導(dǎo)學(xué)生，visual為視覺的，vivid為生動(dòng)活潑的，lively為活潑的意思。
D 65. A) little B) less C) more D) much
詞義辨析。在比較級(jí)前面添加副詞，只能用副詞原級(jí)，不能再用比較級(jí)。B和C顯然錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)文章的感情色彩，文章表示的是貶義，在嘲笑人們喜歡做馬后炮的事情，因此用much不用little.
A 66. A) reluctance B) rejection C) denial D) decline
詞義辨析。Reluctance不情愿，rejection拒絕 denial否定 decline 拒絕。本題一看也仿佛是辨析BCD三個(gè)表示否定的詞義。但是通過分析這個(gè)復(fù)雜句我們看到了前面的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞willful blindness. 這個(gè)詞組近年來在歐美屬于流行詞匯，頻繁的出現(xiàn)在各大媒體中。他的英文解釋是Willful blindness is a term used in law to describe a situation in which an individual seeks to avoid civil or criminal liability for a wrongful act by intentionally putting himself in a position where he will be unaware of facts.中文解釋簡(jiǎn)單來說就是"裝傻"。而復(fù)雜句可以翻譯成，因?yàn)槿藗兌荚谘b傻事情變得更糟糕，除非真的死到臨頭了，否則人們都會(huì)盡可能不合作。而這里用reluctance，正好和前面的willful成反義詞對(duì)應(yīng)。
D 67. A) natural B) social C) world D) human
詞義辨析。與其說這個(gè)是考察詞義辨析，不如說是在超越大學(xué)生的理解能力考察一個(gè)固定搭配human condition.看到這個(gè)搭配，學(xué)生的瞬間邏輯推理是人為因素，但是實(shí)際該詞組表示人的生存條件的意思。
C 68. A) revising B) refining C) rebuilding D) retrieving
詞義辨析。Revising修訂，refining提煉，rebuilding重建，retrieving重新得到。地震之后要干什么呢？當(dāng)然就是重建了。因此這種題目關(guān)鍵是看句子前面的連詞and.
A 69. A) review B) reminder C) concept D) prospect
詞義辨析。Review回顧，reminder提醒，暗示，concept概念，prospect希望。句子開頭一個(gè)強(qiáng)轉(zhuǎn)折BUT，表示后面要說的和前面的內(nèi)容是相反的意思。同時(shí)，后面有一個(gè)history，通過這個(gè)單詞就知道前面用review。
C 70. A) preparing B) protesting C) protecting D) prevailing
固定搭配。 protect sb. from sth 保護(hù)某人免受某事。Prepare準(zhǔn)備，protest*，prevail流行，成功。
B 71. A) never B) ever C) then D) before
詞義辨析。對(duì)于我們所面臨的災(zāi)難，我們比以前知道的更多。本句中did是用助動(dòng)詞取代實(shí)意動(dòng)詞know。因此這里的連詞只能用ever表示以前，而before做副詞時(shí)一定放在句末或后跟名詞。
D 72. A) up B) down C) over D) out
固定搭配。Turn out that/ turn out to be sth 證明。Turn up出現(xiàn)，turn down拒絕，turn over營業(yè)額/反復(fù)考慮
B 73. A) merely B) rarely C) incidentally D) accidentally
詞義辨析。本題涉及兩組詞，一個(gè)是merely和rarely，merely表示僅僅，只不過的意思，rarely表示極少，罕有的意思。而incidentally和accidentally均表示巧合。關(guān)鍵在于區(qū)分merely和rarely就可以得出答案。
A 74. A) surge B) spur C) surf D) splash
詞義辨析。本題實(shí)際考察的單詞是形近且意思相差很遠(yuǎn)的一些單詞。Surge表示洶涌澎湃，做動(dòng)詞有急速上升的意思 spur刺激，穿刺 surf海浪，做動(dòng)詞有沖浪的意思 splash濺。這種考察方法很常見但是對(duì)同學(xué)做題來說很容易。
C 75.A) ensued B) traced C) followed D) occurred
B 76.A) which B) where C) what D) when
where引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞to的賓語
A 77.A) enough B) certain C) conclusive D) final
C 78.A) but B) as C) that D) those
B 79. A) exile B) evacuate C) dismiss D) displace
A 80.A) ride B) trail C) path D) track
ride out "安全過渡"，track out "追蹤"
D 81.A) conventions B) notifications C) communications D) negotiations
Historically, humans get serious about avoiding disasters only after one has just struck them. __62__ that logic, 2006 should have been a breakthrough year for rational behavior. With the memory of 9/11 still __63__ in their minds, Americans watched hurricane Katrina, the most expensive disaster in U.S. history, on __64__ TV. Anyone who didn't know it before should have learned that bad things can happen. And they are made __65__ worse by our willful blindness to risk as much as our __66__ to work together before everything goes to hell.
Granted, some amount of delusion(錯(cuò)覺)is probably part of the __67__ condition. In A.D. 63, Pompeii was seriously damaged by an earthquake, and the locals immediately went to work __68__, in the same spot-until they were buried altogether by a volcano eruption 16 years later. But a __69__ of the past year in disaster history suggests that modern Americans are particularly bad at __70__ themselves from guaranteed threats. We know more than we __71__ did about the dangers we face. But it turns __72__ that in times of crisis, our greatest enemy is __73__ the storm, the quake or the __74__ itself. More often it is ourselves.
So what has happened in the year that __75__ the disaster on the Gulf Coast?In New Orleans,the Army Corps of Engineers has worked day and night to rebuild the flood walls.They have got the walls to __76__ they were before Katrina,more or less.That's not __77__,we can now say with confidence.But it may be all __78__ can be expected from one year of hustle(忙碌).
Meanwhile,New Orleans offcials have crafted a plan to use buses and trains to __79__ the sick and the disabled.The city estimates that 15,000 people will need a __80__ out.However,state officials have not yet determined where these people will be taken.The __81__ with neighboring communities are on going and difficult.
(本篇為07.6真題)
__62__ 62 A) To B) By C) On D) For
__63__ 63 A) fresh B) obvious C) apparent D) evident
__64__ 64 A) visual B) vivid C) live D) lively
__65__ 65 A) little B) less C) more D) much
__66__ 66 A) reluctance B) rejection C) denial D) decline
__67__ 67 A) natural B) world C) social D) human
__68__ 68 A) revising B) refining C) rebuilding D) retrieving
__69__ 69 A) review B) reminder C) concept D) prospect
__70__ 70 A) preparing B) protesting C) protecting D) prevailing
__71__ 71 A) never B) ever C) then D) before
__72__ 72 A) up B) down C) over D) out
__73__ 73 A) merely B) rarely C) incidentally D) accidentally
__74__ 74 A) surge B) spur C) surf D) splash
__75__ 75 A) ensued B) traced C) followed D) occurred
__76__ 76 A) which B) where C) what D) when
__77__ 77 A) enough B) certain C) conclusive D) final
__78__ 78 A) but B) as C) that D) those
__79__ 79 A) exile B) evacuate C) dismiss D) displace
__80__ 80 A) ride B) trail C) path D) track
__81__ 81 A) conventions B) notifications C) communications D) negotiations
參考答案及解析:
B 62. A) To B) By C) On D) For
介詞辨析。通過對(duì)前句的分析理解，知道人性的本質(zhì)-只有在遭受了痛苦之后才會(huì) 重視痛苦，于是后句緊跟的連詞應(yīng)該是表示解釋說明，而to為至于，on為在...上面，for為因果連詞，只有by可以表示通過。
A 63. A) fresh B) obvious C) apparent D) evident
詞義辨析?？忌蹩幢绢}以為考察的是obvious, apparent, evident的詞義辨析，三個(gè)詞都表示明顯的意思，但是根據(jù)文章的意思，此處應(yīng)該是表示記憶猶新的意思，因此只有一個(gè)fresh表示的是新鮮。
C 64. A) visual B) vivid C) live D) lively
詞義辨析。本題考察更多的是常識(shí)性的問題。Live這個(gè)單詞除了有生活的意思之外，還有現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的意思。而剩余的混淆項(xiàng)完全是在誤導(dǎo)學(xué)生，visual為視覺的，vivid為生動(dòng)活潑的，lively為活潑的意思。
D 65. A) little B) less C) more D) much
詞義辨析。在比較級(jí)前面添加副詞，只能用副詞原級(jí)，不能再用比較級(jí)。B和C顯然錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)文章的感情色彩，文章表示的是貶義，在嘲笑人們喜歡做馬后炮的事情，因此用much不用little.
A 66. A) reluctance B) rejection C) denial D) decline
詞義辨析。Reluctance不情愿，rejection拒絕 denial否定 decline 拒絕。本題一看也仿佛是辨析BCD三個(gè)表示否定的詞義。但是通過分析這個(gè)復(fù)雜句我們看到了前面的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞willful blindness. 這個(gè)詞組近年來在歐美屬于流行詞匯，頻繁的出現(xiàn)在各大媒體中。他的英文解釋是Willful blindness is a term used in law to describe a situation in which an individual seeks to avoid civil or criminal liability for a wrongful act by intentionally putting himself in a position where he will be unaware of facts.中文解釋簡(jiǎn)單來說就是"裝傻"。而復(fù)雜句可以翻譯成，因?yàn)槿藗兌荚谘b傻事情變得更糟糕，除非真的死到臨頭了，否則人們都會(huì)盡可能不合作。而這里用reluctance，正好和前面的willful成反義詞對(duì)應(yīng)。
D 67. A) natural B) social C) world D) human
詞義辨析。與其說這個(gè)是考察詞義辨析，不如說是在超越大學(xué)生的理解能力考察一個(gè)固定搭配human condition.看到這個(gè)搭配，學(xué)生的瞬間邏輯推理是人為因素，但是實(shí)際該詞組表示人的生存條件的意思。
C 68. A) revising B) refining C) rebuilding D) retrieving
詞義辨析。Revising修訂，refining提煉，rebuilding重建，retrieving重新得到。地震之后要干什么呢？當(dāng)然就是重建了。因此這種題目關(guān)鍵是看句子前面的連詞and.
A 69. A) review B) reminder C) concept D) prospect
詞義辨析。Review回顧，reminder提醒，暗示，concept概念，prospect希望。句子開頭一個(gè)強(qiáng)轉(zhuǎn)折BUT，表示后面要說的和前面的內(nèi)容是相反的意思。同時(shí)，后面有一個(gè)history，通過這個(gè)單詞就知道前面用review。
C 70. A) preparing B) protesting C) protecting D) prevailing
固定搭配。 protect sb. from sth 保護(hù)某人免受某事。Prepare準(zhǔn)備，protest*，prevail流行，成功。
B 71. A) never B) ever C) then D) before
詞義辨析。對(duì)于我們所面臨的災(zāi)難，我們比以前知道的更多。本句中did是用助動(dòng)詞取代實(shí)意動(dòng)詞know。因此這里的連詞只能用ever表示以前，而before做副詞時(shí)一定放在句末或后跟名詞。
D 72. A) up B) down C) over D) out
固定搭配。Turn out that/ turn out to be sth 證明。Turn up出現(xiàn)，turn down拒絕，turn over營業(yè)額/反復(fù)考慮
B 73. A) merely B) rarely C) incidentally D) accidentally
詞義辨析。本題涉及兩組詞，一個(gè)是merely和rarely，merely表示僅僅，只不過的意思，rarely表示極少，罕有的意思。而incidentally和accidentally均表示巧合。關(guān)鍵在于區(qū)分merely和rarely就可以得出答案。
A 74. A) surge B) spur C) surf D) splash
詞義辨析。本題實(shí)際考察的單詞是形近且意思相差很遠(yuǎn)的一些單詞。Surge表示洶涌澎湃，做動(dòng)詞有急速上升的意思 spur刺激，穿刺 surf海浪，做動(dòng)詞有沖浪的意思 splash濺。這種考察方法很常見但是對(duì)同學(xué)做題來說很容易。
C 75.A) ensued B) traced C) followed D) occurred
B 76.A) which B) where C) what D) when
where引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞to的賓語
A 77.A) enough B) certain C) conclusive D) final
C 78.A) but B) as C) that D) those
B 79. A) exile B) evacuate C) dismiss D) displace
A 80.A) ride B) trail C) path D) track
ride out "安全過渡"，track out "追蹤"
D 81.A) conventions B) notifications C) communications D) negotiations