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        《考研英語(yǔ)難句突破300句》47

        字號(hào):

        1998 Passage 1
            1. Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. Perhaps it is humankind's long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of for cing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating.
            「譯文」 在重大技術(shù)所創(chuàng)造的東西中很少能有像大型水壩這樣讓人癡迷的。可能正是因?yàn)槿祟愰L(zhǎng)期遭受旱澇災(zāi)害的擺布才使得人們治理江河、供我驅(qū)策的理想如此令人癡迷。
            「析句」 第一句是簡(jiǎn)單句。第二句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句(it is… that),所強(qiáng)調(diào)的是 humankind's long suffering,它也是從句的實(shí)際主語(yǔ),即humankind's long suffering… makes…。
            「講詞」 capture the imagination of是一個(gè)固定搭配,意為“為……吸引”或“激發(fā)……想象力”。The story of Harry Potter has captured the imagination of millions of readers in the world.(哈里·波特的故事讓全世界數(shù)以百萬(wàn)的讀者為之癡迷。)
            at the mercy of意為“任……處置;無(wú)能為力”。We will not live at the mercy of terrorists.(我們不會(huì)聽(tīng)任恐怖主義者的擺布。)
            bidding意為“命令,出價(jià),邀請(qǐng)”。注意bidding相關(guān)的詞組,例如at one's bidding(依囑,遵命),do one's bidding(照……的命令做,照……的話辦)。
            2. It doesn't help that building a big,powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves.
            「譯文」 對(duì)于那些竭力自我顯示的國(guó)家和人民來(lái)說(shuō),修建高大雄偉的大壩即是某種成就的象征,然而修建大壩其實(shí)并沒(méi)有多大作用。
            「析句」 It doesn't help是全句的主干結(jié)構(gòu),其中it是形式主語(yǔ)。在真正的主語(yǔ) that從句中,主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)(building a dam)。分詞短語(yǔ)striving to assert themselves修飾nations and people.
            「講詞」 it helps或it doesn't help是非??谡Z(yǔ)化的表達(dá)方式,前者意為“有所幫助”或“起到作用”,后者意為“幫不上忙”或“不起作用”。It helps to remember that I can always look to your help.(一想到能指著你幫我,實(shí)在讓我感到寬心。) It doesn't help to have assumed such an attitude.(抱著這種態(tài)度沒(méi)有什么作用。)
            assert意為“斷言,聲稱”。I had to assert myself in the meeting in order to ensure acquisition of the new book.(我在會(huì)上不得不堅(jiān)持自己觀點(diǎn)以保證得到那本新書(shū)。)to assert oneself意為“顯示權(quán)威;出風(fēng)頭”。You should learn to assert yourself in a healthy manner.(你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)以一種健康的方式表現(xiàn)自己。)
            3. Egypt's leadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. Turkey's bid for First World status includes the giant Ataturk Dam.
            「譯文」 埃及由于建造了阿斯旺大壩而鞏固了在阿拉伯世界的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位。土耳其力爭(zhēng)躋身第一世界的努力包括修建阿塔特克大壩。
            「析句」 這是兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句,對(duì)個(gè)別單詞的詞義把握會(huì)影響對(duì)句子的理解。
            「講詞」 cement原意是“水泥”,但在句中作動(dòng)詞,意為“加強(qiáng);鞏固”。對(duì)于不太熟悉的單詞,首先應(yīng)該確定其在句子中的成分,然后根據(jù)句子的前后成分加以推斷。
            bid意為“出價(jià);競(jìng)標(biāo)”,既可是名詞又可作動(dòng)詞。China's bid to host the 2008 Olympic Games(中國(guó)申請(qǐng)主辦2008年奧運(yùn)會(huì))。bid for還可表示“謀求,追求,致力于”。But Slovakia is bidding for independence from the Czechs,and now needs a dam to prove itself.(但斯洛伐克正在要求脫離捷克而獨(dú)立,現(xiàn)在他們需要建一個(gè)大壩來(lái)證明自己的實(shí)力。)
            4. The Aswan Dam,for example,stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left—all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.
            「譯文」 以阿斯旺大壩為例,它阻止了尼羅河洪水泛濫,但也使埃及失去了洪水沖擊過(guò)后留下的肥沃的淤泥,換回來(lái)的是這么一個(gè)巨大的病態(tài)水庫(kù)?,F(xiàn)在這個(gè)水庫(kù)積滿了淤泥,幾乎不能發(fā)電了。
            「析句」 句子的主語(yǔ)是The Aswan Dam,謂語(yǔ)有兩個(gè)(stopped和deprived)。破折號(hào)后面的成分作全句的狀語(yǔ),其中all應(yīng)該理解為“所有這一切”,即指阻止尼羅河泛濫并使埃及失去肥沃的淤泥。許多人把a(bǔ) giant reservoir of disease譯成“疾病滋生的水庫(kù)”,這是不對(duì)的,實(shí)際上是指大壩淤泥太多,因而可以譯成“病態(tài)的水庫(kù)”。
            「講詞」 deprive意為“剝奪,使喪失”。The court ruling deprived us of any share in the inheritance.(法庭裁決剝奪了我們?nèi)康睦^承權(quán)。)They were deprived of a normal childhood by the war.(由于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),他們失去了一個(gè)正常的童年時(shí)代。)
            in return of意為“換取……”。I really do not know what to do in return of your kindness.(對(duì)于你的善意,我真的不知道何以回報(bào)。)
            5. This week,in the heart of civilized Europe,Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam on the Danube.
            「譯文」 本周,在文明歐洲的腹地,為了多瑙河上一處水壩所引起的爭(zhēng)端,斯洛伐克人和匈牙利人差點(diǎn)動(dòng)用軍隊(duì)。
            「析句」 句子的結(jié)構(gòu)比較簡(jiǎn)單,但是句中的詞組(stopped just short of)可能會(huì)影響理解。另外,有些同學(xué)可能不大清楚contention和the Danube的含義。
            「講詞」 short of意為“缺乏,達(dá)不到,除……以外,差一點(diǎn)”。We're short of money.(我們現(xiàn)在資金不足。)Nothing short of her best effort was required to make the team.(要組成一個(gè)隊(duì)她必須全力以赴。)Short of yelling at him,I had no other way to catch his attention.(除了大聲向他喊叫,我真想不出還有什么辦法能引起他的注意。)She stopped short of throwing out the old photo.(她差點(diǎn)要把舊照片扔掉了。)
            contention“爭(zhēng)奪,競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”。The rebellion against the Qin dynasty is the direct cause of the Chu Han Contention.(反抗秦朝的斗爭(zhēng)是楚漢相爭(zhēng)的直接原因。)
            6. Proper, scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the cost and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts.
            「譯文」 對(duì)于水壩的影響作用、水壩控制水流的成本和收益,應(yīng)該進(jìn)行恰當(dāng)而科學(xué)的研究,這樣才有助于解決這些矛盾。
            「析句」 句子的主干是study… can help to resolve conflicts.主語(yǔ)的修飾成分較長(zhǎng),注意study包括兩個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容,一是the impacts of dams,一是the cost and benefits of controlling water.
            「講詞」 impact意為“碰撞,撞擊;影響”,作名詞時(shí)較多表示“影響”。This books illustrates the impact of modern science upon society as a whole.(這本書(shū)闡述現(xiàn)代科學(xué)對(duì)整個(gè)社會(huì)的影響。)The impact on the rate of inflation will be felt in 2005.(人們將在2005年感受到通貨膨脹的影響。)
            resolve作動(dòng)詞時(shí)意為“解決;決定;溶解;變成”,作名詞時(shí)表示“決心”。The circumstances resolved him to take the case to the Supreme Court.(在這種情況下,他決定把官司打到法院)。The discussion resolved itself into an argument.(討論到后來(lái)變成了爭(zhēng)論。)He made a resolve to launch a reform in the firm.(他決定在公司推進(jìn)改革。)