Ⅲ、形容詞，副詞的比較級、高級
一、規(guī)則變化
1.一般在詞尾直接加er或est，例如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest
2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞在詞尾直接加r或st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest
3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，把y變?yōu)閕，再加er或est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest
4.重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫這個輔音字母，再加er或est，例如，big-bigger-biggest
5.部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞分別在原級前加more構(gòu)成比較級和most構(gòu)成高級，例如，slowly-more slowly-most slowly；beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
Ⅳ形容詞，副詞等級的用法
一、原級的用法
1.只能修飾原級的詞，very，quite，so，too
例如，He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再繼續(xù)走了。
My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。
2.原級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)
（1）“甲+be+（倍數(shù)）+as+形容詞原級+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的幾倍”
例如，Tom is as old as Kate.湯姆和凱特年齡一樣大。
Tom is twice as old as Kate.湯姆的年齡是凱特的二倍。
“甲+實意動詞+（倍數(shù)）+as+副詞原級+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的幾倍”
例如，Tom runs as fast as Mike.湯姆和邁克跑得一樣快。
Tom runs twice as fast as Mike.湯姆跑得速度是邁克的二倍。
（2）“甲+be+not+as/so+形容詞原級+as+乙”甲不如乙…
例如，This room is not as/so big as that one. 這個房間不如那個大。
“甲+助動詞+not+動詞原形+as/so+副詞原級+as+乙”甲不如乙…
例如，He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.他走路不像你那樣慢。
二、比較級的用法
1.可以修飾比較級的詞，much，a lot，far，…的多a little，a bit，…一點兒
even甚至，still仍然
例如，Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一課比第二課容易得多。
Tom looks even younger than before.湯姆甚至比以前更年輕。
This train runs much faster than that one.這輛火車比那輛跑地快。
She drives still more carefully than her husband.她開車仍然比她丈夫還認真。
2.比較級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)
（1）“甲+be+（倍數(shù)）+形容詞比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…幾倍”
例如，Tom is taller than Kate.湯姆比凱特高。
This room is three times bigger than that one.這個房間比那個大三倍。
“甲+實意動詞+（倍數(shù)）+副詞比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…幾倍”
例如，I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我媽媽還早。
He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。
（2）“甲+be+形容詞比較級+than+any other+單數(shù)名詞（+介詞短語）”表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個人/物都……”，含義是“甲……”。
例如，The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.
=The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.長江比中國的任何一條其他的河都長。
=The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.長江比中國的其他所有的河都長。
=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.長江是中國長的河流。
注意：The Yangtze Riveris longer than any river in Japan.長江比日本的任何一條河都長。
“甲+實意動詞+副詞比較級+than+anyother+單數(shù)名詞（+介詞短語）”表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個人/物都……”，含義是“甲……”。
例如，Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.
= Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.邁克比他們班上任何一個其他的同學到校都早。
= Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.邁克比他們班上其他的同學到校都早。
= Mike gets to school earliest in his class.邁克在他們班到校早。
注意：Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Tom’s class.邁克比湯姆班上任何一個學生到校都早。（邁克和湯姆不是同一個班）
（3）“甲+be+the+形容詞比較級+ofthetwo+……”表示“甲是兩者中較……的”。
例如，Look at the two boys.My brother is the taller of the two.看那兩個男孩，我弟弟是兩個當中較高的那個。
（4）“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……”。
例如，He is getting taller and taller.他變得越來越高了。
The flowers are more and more beautiful.花兒越來越漂亮。
He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作業(yè)越來越認真了。
（5）“the+比較級，the+比較級”表示“越……，越……”。
例如，The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.你越認真，犯的錯誤越少。
（6）“特殊疑問詞+be+形容詞比較級，甲or乙？”
例如，Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？哪一個大，地球還是月球？
“特殊疑問詞+實意動詞+副詞比較級，甲or乙？”
例如，Who draws better，Jenny or Danny？誰畫得比較好，詹妮還是丹尼？
3.高級常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)
（1）“主語+be+the+形容詞高級+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中……的”。
例如，Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.湯姆是他們班上/所有學生當中高的。
This apple is the biggest of the five.這個蘋果是五個當中大的。
“主語+實意動詞+（the）+副詞高級+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中……的”。
例如，I jump （the） farthest in my class.我是我們班跳得遠的。
（2）“主語+be+oneofthe+形容詞高級+復數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中……之一”。
例如，Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中國大城市之一。
（3）“特殊疑問詞+be+the+高級+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較。
例如，Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？哪一個國家大，中國，巴西還是加拿大？
“特殊疑問詞+be+the+副詞高級+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較
例如，Which season do you like （the） best，spring，summer or autumn？你喜歡哪一個季節(jié)，春天，夏天還是秋天？
-例題剖析
1 I have_____to do today.
A.anything important
B.something important
C.important nothing
D.important something
答案B。形容詞修飾復合不定代詞時應(yīng)放在其后面。故排除C、D，句意是“我今天有重要的事情要做”，表示肯定用something.
2 ——Is chemistry more difficult than physics？
——No，chemistry isn’t as____as physics.
A.easy
B.difficult
C.easier
D.moredifficult
答案B。（not）as…as中應(yīng)接形容詞原級，結(jié)合上句“化學沒有物理難”，故B是正確的。
3.Beijing is becoming_________and__.
A.more beautiful，more
B.beautiful，beautiful
C.more，more beautiful
D.more beautiful，more beautiful
答案C。比較級+and+比較級，表示“越來越…”，多音節(jié)的形容詞“more and more+形容詞”。
4.______ children there are in a family，_____their life will be.
A.The less，the better
B.The fewer，the better
C.Fewer，richer
D.More，poorer
答案B。the+比較級，the+比較級，表示“越……越……”，由句意得知“家里孩子越少，生活會越好”。children是可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用few來修飾。
5.The experiment was ________ easier than we had expected.
A.more
B.muchmore
C.much
D.moremuch
答案C。 much可修飾比較級，easier本身已是比較級，不能再用more.
6 Oct 15th was one of ________ days in 2003.The Shenzhou-V was sent up successfully.
A.exciting
B.more exciting
C.the most exciting
D.much exciting
答案C。根據(jù)“one of+高級+復數(shù)名詞”固定句型應(yīng)選C.
7.It’s seven o’clock in the afternoon，but they are ______ having a meeting.
Aalready
B.still
C.yet
D.ever
答案B。still意為“仍舊，仍然”，這句話的意思是：現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是下午七點，他們?nèi)耘f在開會。
8.Remember not to speak _______ when we are in the reading room.
A.fast
B.slowly
C.politely
D.loudly
答案D?！霸陂営[室里不要大聲說話”，副詞loudly修飾動詞speak.
9.“______ has this food store been in business？”
“Since 2001.”
A.How long
B.How often
C.How old
D.How soon
答案A?！皊ince+過去時間點”為“從過去的某一時間到現(xiàn)在”，表示一段時間，故選“how long”。
10.——What was the weather like yesterday？
——It was terrible.It rained so ___ that people could _________ go out.
A.hardly…h(huán)ard
B.hardly…h(huán)ardly
C.hard…h(huán)ardly
D.hard…h(huán)ard
答案C。rain在句中是動詞，作謂語，后面用副詞修飾，hard作副詞，是“猛烈地”的意思，hardly是“幾乎不”的意思。
-同步練習
1.What a ____ cough！You seem_____ill.
A.terrible，terribly
B.terribly，terrible
C.terrible，terrible
D.terribly，terribly
2.I feel even_____now.
A.bad
B.well
C.worseD.worst
3.She was very happy. She ran_____of all the runners.
A.fastest
B.the quickest
C.slowest
D.quickly
4.Keep quiet，please.It’s_____noisy here.
A.many too
B.too many
C.much too
D.too much
5.——Have you _____ spoken to a foreigner？
——No，_____.
A.already，never
B.ever，never
C.yet，already
D.ever，ever
6.He is taller than_________in his class.
A.any boy
B.any
C.any other boy
D.some other boys
7.I’ll go and visit you ____ next week.
A.sometime
B.sometimes
C.some times
D.some time
8.The car is running________.It seems to be flying.
A.more and faster
B.more and fast
C.fast and fast
D.faster and faster
9.English is as _____ as Chinese.You should learn it well.
A.important
B.more important
C.the most important
D.much more important
10.Music is not so useful as science.It’s ________ useful than science.
A.fewer
B.less
C more
D.a lot
11.We’ve never heard of_____story before.
A.such a strange
B.such strange
C.so a strange
D.so strange
12.You must wear glasses.They can keep your eyes______.
A.soft
B.safe
C.safely
D.safety
13.Pass my glasses to me，Jack.I can_____read the words in the newspaper.
A.hardly
B.really
C clearly
D.rather
14.Three years _______，he become a driver.
A.late
B.later
C.lately
D.more lately
15.He is ______ enough to carry the heavy box.
A.stronger
B.much stronger
C.strong
D.the strongest
16.I bought _____ exercise-books with____money.
A.a few，a few
B.a few，a little
C.a little，a few
D.a little，a little
17.The box is _____ heavy for the girl____carry.
A.too，to
B.to，too
C.so，that
D.no，to
18.Do you have ____ to tell us？
A.something new
B.new something
C.anything new
D.new anything
19.——Do you think the fish tastes_______？
——She cooked it______，Ithink.
A good，good
B well，good
C well，well
D good，well
20.She played the piano_____than we had thought.
A.successful
B.successfully
C.more successful
D.more successfully
參考答案
1-5：ACACB 6-10：CADAB
11-15：ABABC 16-20：BACDD
一、規(guī)則變化
1.一般在詞尾直接加er或est，例如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest
2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞在詞尾直接加r或st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest
3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，把y變?yōu)閕，再加er或est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest
4.重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫這個輔音字母，再加er或est，例如，big-bigger-biggest
5.部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞分別在原級前加more構(gòu)成比較級和most構(gòu)成高級，例如，slowly-more slowly-most slowly；beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
Ⅳ形容詞，副詞等級的用法
一、原級的用法
1.只能修飾原級的詞，very，quite，so，too
例如，He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再繼續(xù)走了。
My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。
2.原級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)
（1）“甲+be+（倍數(shù)）+as+形容詞原級+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的幾倍”
例如，Tom is as old as Kate.湯姆和凱特年齡一樣大。
Tom is twice as old as Kate.湯姆的年齡是凱特的二倍。
“甲+實意動詞+（倍數(shù)）+as+副詞原級+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的幾倍”
例如，Tom runs as fast as Mike.湯姆和邁克跑得一樣快。
Tom runs twice as fast as Mike.湯姆跑得速度是邁克的二倍。
（2）“甲+be+not+as/so+形容詞原級+as+乙”甲不如乙…
例如，This room is not as/so big as that one. 這個房間不如那個大。
“甲+助動詞+not+動詞原形+as/so+副詞原級+as+乙”甲不如乙…
例如，He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.他走路不像你那樣慢。
二、比較級的用法
1.可以修飾比較級的詞，much，a lot，far，…的多a little，a bit，…一點兒
even甚至，still仍然
例如，Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一課比第二課容易得多。
Tom looks even younger than before.湯姆甚至比以前更年輕。
This train runs much faster than that one.這輛火車比那輛跑地快。
She drives still more carefully than her husband.她開車仍然比她丈夫還認真。
2.比較級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)
（1）“甲+be+（倍數(shù)）+形容詞比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…幾倍”
例如，Tom is taller than Kate.湯姆比凱特高。
This room is three times bigger than that one.這個房間比那個大三倍。
“甲+實意動詞+（倍數(shù)）+副詞比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…幾倍”
例如，I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我媽媽還早。
He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。
（2）“甲+be+形容詞比較級+than+any other+單數(shù)名詞（+介詞短語）”表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個人/物都……”，含義是“甲……”。
例如，The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.
=The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.長江比中國的任何一條其他的河都長。
=The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.長江比中國的其他所有的河都長。
=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.長江是中國長的河流。
注意：The Yangtze Riveris longer than any river in Japan.長江比日本的任何一條河都長。
“甲+實意動詞+副詞比較級+than+anyother+單數(shù)名詞（+介詞短語）”表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個人/物都……”，含義是“甲……”。
例如，Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.
= Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.邁克比他們班上任何一個其他的同學到校都早。
= Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.邁克比他們班上其他的同學到校都早。
= Mike gets to school earliest in his class.邁克在他們班到校早。
注意：Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Tom’s class.邁克比湯姆班上任何一個學生到校都早。（邁克和湯姆不是同一個班）
（3）“甲+be+the+形容詞比較級+ofthetwo+……”表示“甲是兩者中較……的”。
例如，Look at the two boys.My brother is the taller of the two.看那兩個男孩，我弟弟是兩個當中較高的那個。
（4）“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……”。
例如，He is getting taller and taller.他變得越來越高了。
The flowers are more and more beautiful.花兒越來越漂亮。
He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作業(yè)越來越認真了。
（5）“the+比較級，the+比較級”表示“越……，越……”。
例如，The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.你越認真，犯的錯誤越少。
（6）“特殊疑問詞+be+形容詞比較級，甲or乙？”
例如，Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？哪一個大，地球還是月球？
“特殊疑問詞+實意動詞+副詞比較級，甲or乙？”
例如，Who draws better，Jenny or Danny？誰畫得比較好，詹妮還是丹尼？
3.高級常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)
（1）“主語+be+the+形容詞高級+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中……的”。
例如，Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.湯姆是他們班上/所有學生當中高的。
This apple is the biggest of the five.這個蘋果是五個當中大的。
“主語+實意動詞+（the）+副詞高級+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中……的”。
例如，I jump （the） farthest in my class.我是我們班跳得遠的。
（2）“主語+be+oneofthe+形容詞高級+復數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中……之一”。
例如，Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中國大城市之一。
（3）“特殊疑問詞+be+the+高級+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較。
例如，Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？哪一個國家大，中國，巴西還是加拿大？
“特殊疑問詞+be+the+副詞高級+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較
例如，Which season do you like （the） best，spring，summer or autumn？你喜歡哪一個季節(jié)，春天，夏天還是秋天？
-例題剖析
1 I have_____to do today.
A.anything important
B.something important
C.important nothing
D.important something
答案B。形容詞修飾復合不定代詞時應(yīng)放在其后面。故排除C、D，句意是“我今天有重要的事情要做”，表示肯定用something.
2 ——Is chemistry more difficult than physics？
——No，chemistry isn’t as____as physics.
A.easy
B.difficult
C.easier
D.moredifficult
答案B。（not）as…as中應(yīng)接形容詞原級，結(jié)合上句“化學沒有物理難”，故B是正確的。
3.Beijing is becoming_________and__.
A.more beautiful，more
B.beautiful，beautiful
C.more，more beautiful
D.more beautiful，more beautiful
答案C。比較級+and+比較級，表示“越來越…”，多音節(jié)的形容詞“more and more+形容詞”。
4.______ children there are in a family，_____their life will be.
A.The less，the better
B.The fewer，the better
C.Fewer，richer
D.More，poorer
答案B。the+比較級，the+比較級，表示“越……越……”，由句意得知“家里孩子越少，生活會越好”。children是可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用few來修飾。
5.The experiment was ________ easier than we had expected.
A.more
B.muchmore
C.much
D.moremuch
答案C。 much可修飾比較級，easier本身已是比較級，不能再用more.
6 Oct 15th was one of ________ days in 2003.The Shenzhou-V was sent up successfully.
A.exciting
B.more exciting
C.the most exciting
D.much exciting
答案C。根據(jù)“one of+高級+復數(shù)名詞”固定句型應(yīng)選C.
7.It’s seven o’clock in the afternoon，but they are ______ having a meeting.
Aalready
B.still
C.yet
D.ever
答案B。still意為“仍舊，仍然”，這句話的意思是：現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是下午七點，他們?nèi)耘f在開會。
8.Remember not to speak _______ when we are in the reading room.
A.fast
B.slowly
C.politely
D.loudly
答案D?！霸陂営[室里不要大聲說話”，副詞loudly修飾動詞speak.
9.“______ has this food store been in business？”
“Since 2001.”
A.How long
B.How often
C.How old
D.How soon
答案A?！皊ince+過去時間點”為“從過去的某一時間到現(xiàn)在”，表示一段時間，故選“how long”。
10.——What was the weather like yesterday？
——It was terrible.It rained so ___ that people could _________ go out.
A.hardly…h(huán)ard
B.hardly…h(huán)ardly
C.hard…h(huán)ardly
D.hard…h(huán)ard
答案C。rain在句中是動詞，作謂語，后面用副詞修飾，hard作副詞，是“猛烈地”的意思，hardly是“幾乎不”的意思。
-同步練習
1.What a ____ cough！You seem_____ill.
A.terrible，terribly
B.terribly，terrible
C.terrible，terrible
D.terribly，terribly
2.I feel even_____now.
A.bad
B.well
C.worseD.worst
3.She was very happy. She ran_____of all the runners.
A.fastest
B.the quickest
C.slowest
D.quickly
4.Keep quiet，please.It’s_____noisy here.
A.many too
B.too many
C.much too
D.too much
5.——Have you _____ spoken to a foreigner？
——No，_____.
A.already，never
B.ever，never
C.yet，already
D.ever，ever
6.He is taller than_________in his class.
A.any boy
B.any
C.any other boy
D.some other boys
7.I’ll go and visit you ____ next week.
A.sometime
B.sometimes
C.some times
D.some time
8.The car is running________.It seems to be flying.
A.more and faster
B.more and fast
C.fast and fast
D.faster and faster
9.English is as _____ as Chinese.You should learn it well.
A.important
B.more important
C.the most important
D.much more important
10.Music is not so useful as science.It’s ________ useful than science.
A.fewer
B.less
C more
D.a lot
11.We’ve never heard of_____story before.
A.such a strange
B.such strange
C.so a strange
D.so strange
12.You must wear glasses.They can keep your eyes______.
A.soft
B.safe
C.safely
D.safety
13.Pass my glasses to me，Jack.I can_____read the words in the newspaper.
A.hardly
B.really
C clearly
D.rather
14.Three years _______，he become a driver.
A.late
B.later
C.lately
D.more lately
15.He is ______ enough to carry the heavy box.
A.stronger
B.much stronger
C.strong
D.the strongest
16.I bought _____ exercise-books with____money.
A.a few，a few
B.a few，a little
C.a little，a few
D.a little，a little
17.The box is _____ heavy for the girl____carry.
A.too，to
B.to，too
C.so，that
D.no，to
18.Do you have ____ to tell us？
A.something new
B.new something
C.anything new
D.new anything
19.——Do you think the fish tastes_______？
——She cooked it______，Ithink.
A good，good
B well，good
C well，well
D good，well
20.She played the piano_____than we had thought.
A.successful
B.successfully
C.more successful
D.more successfully
參考答案
1-5：ACACB 6-10：CADAB
11-15：ABABC 16-20：BACDD