在主體段落的寫作中,要注意做到統(tǒng)一性、連貫性和簡(jiǎn)潔性。中心句是為了保持文章思路的一致;用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接句排列好段落的布局,使文章連貫流暢;根據(jù)不同的題型選擇所需的展開方法,表達(dá)要盡量簡(jiǎn)潔明白。除了以上這些需要做到的,在主體段落的寫作中還有一些需要避免出現(xiàn)的問題: A. 低水平重復(fù)用詞:在文章的寫作中,我們常會(huì)有這樣的表現(xiàn),遇見表示喜歡,就只會(huì)用like,其實(shí)還有很多表示喜歡的詞,不要浪費(fèi)它們:prefer/enjoy/love/appreciate等等。還有在表達(dá)個(gè)人看法的時(shí)候,用來用去都是I think,其實(shí)I suppose/I guess/personally speaking,多樣化的用詞絕對(duì)可以提高你的得分率。英文報(bào)紙里可以找到你要的又新又實(shí)用的詞匯。我記得我六級(jí)考試作文是關(guān)于面試的,我在里面寫了這樣一句話:A successful interview is win—winone for both job—hunter and enaployer.成功的面試對(duì)于顧主和求職者而言是雙贏的。相信這樣的用詞一定會(huì)給老師一個(gè)好印象。
B.太過生僻的詞匯:像不用decrease/remove,而用abate。不用stop/pause而用cessation,不用home/house而用habitation,其實(shí)這樣做是沒有必要的,不要以為生僻的詞別人不用你用就是有特點(diǎn)。要以表達(dá)清楚句意和適合語境為主。生僻的詞運(yùn)用不好反而會(huì)鬧笑話。俚語是不用。因?yàn)橘嫡Z在英語中是十分口語化的東西,而且千變?nèi)f化。你理解的詞或句子老師也許都不明白,所以還是不用為妙。
C.句式單調(diào):有些同學(xué)為了拿高分,非要“語不驚人誓不休”。在臨場(chǎng)發(fā)揮的情況下,做到這點(diǎn)是比較難的。句子還是以簡(jiǎn)單的短句為妙,即能多表達(dá)幾層意思,又能便于老師評(píng)判。那么如何在即使是同一個(gè)意思的表達(dá)下使句子顯得有特點(diǎn)一些呢?那就要考句式的變化了。看下面這個(gè)例子,對(duì)“粗心駕駛易引起車禍”,可以有這樣一些不同的說法:
a.Traffic accidents are invited by careless driving.
b.Careless driving invites traffic accidents.
c.Anyone who drives carelessly is to invite traffic accidents.
d.Traffic accidents are what careless driving invites.
e.The fact that you drive carelessly invites traffic accidents.
你看,稍微換個(gè)外表會(huì)使你的文章更有趣味性和可讀性。
1)段落寫作中常用的套路。在各種類型的寫作中總是會(huì)有一定規(guī)律可循的,那就是句的的使用。記住一些實(shí)用的句型,在考試中可以提高行文速度。
A.說明原因的句型:a.There are some/two/many good reasons for/to do something.
e.g:a.There are two good reasons for the changes in the way that people communicate with each other.b.The reason for…is that
B.表示不同看法的句型:Some believe that…others argue that…still others maintain that…
eg:a.Some people hold the opinion that it i8 hood to live with parents.b.They
differ greatly in their attitude towards pollution problem.
C.辯論中常用的句型:
a.There is no doubt that…
b.It is obvious/clear that…
c.As is known to all…
d.It goes without saying that…
e.What is more important…
f.I am convinced that….
D.舉例表示法:for.example,for instance,let’s shave an example,a good case in point…
E.概述(用于圖表作文):
a.According to the figures given in the table…
b.This chart shows that…
c.As is shown by the graph…
d.It can be seen from the statistics that…
e.There is a slight/slow/rapid rise/increase、decrease/fall/drop in income/population/price/production…
3、wonderful ending,happy ending
結(jié)尾和開頭一樣都很重要。一般說來,老師閱卷都是看了開頭看結(jié)尾,如果兩頭都很精彩,中間又沒什么大錯(cuò),分?jǐn)?shù)自然就不低了。結(jié)尾一般都是對(duì)全文的概括,或是提出建設(shè)性的意見,或有所展望。常用的方法有: 1)概括總結(jié)。這是最一般的寫法,也是最保險(xiǎn)的。只要把你的意思?xì)w納一下即可,不過要注意用與上文中不同的句子或句型,稍顯變化。
2)以提問的方式結(jié)束。這是比較自信的寫法,因?yàn)槟阏J(rèn)為你一定能說服對(duì)方接受你的觀點(diǎn),因此明知故問,留有回味的感覺。如:As the reason listed above。why don’t you choose the public school for your child?
3)展望式結(jié)語。一般是針對(duì)目前需要改進(jìn)或還沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情或事物提出一種希望。如:In a word,TV adver.tisement,I think,is a newborn thing in the development 0f our economy.Of course,there is much room for improvement in TV ads,but I believe the TV ads will benefits both the advertisers and consumers.
4)口號(hào)式結(jié)語。對(duì)問題分析完之后,提出一種解決方法以供讀者參考,或是提出一種號(hào)召。這種結(jié)尾方法比較有感染力。如:Open your heart to your friends so that whether they are similar to or different from you.you may become the happiest man in the world.
5)引語式結(jié)語。同樣是以引語結(jié)束,但要注意,如果開頭使用了引語,結(jié)論部分不要再用。引語會(huì)增加結(jié)尾的說服力。
在結(jié)尾中常用到的句型有:
as a consequence,…
in short.I firmly support the view that…
in a word…
in general…
as far as I am concerned…
I am sure my opinion is both sound and well grounded.
結(jié)尾的寫作要起到畫龍點(diǎn)睛的作用,所以結(jié)尾的方法也不是惟一的,可以是兩種以上方法的綜合,這樣使你的結(jié)尾更有分量。Wonderful ending,happy ending!不是讓你寫個(gè)喜劇結(jié)局,而是說當(dāng)你寫完精彩的結(jié)尾后,考試的結(jié)果對(duì)你而言應(yīng)該是個(gè)happy ending!
至此,關(guān)于三段式寫作的方法就介紹完了。套路不少,但若是陷到這個(gè)套中文章不免會(huì)干澀呆板。所以還是那句話基本功才是最重要的。
B.太過生僻的詞匯:像不用decrease/remove,而用abate。不用stop/pause而用cessation,不用home/house而用habitation,其實(shí)這樣做是沒有必要的,不要以為生僻的詞別人不用你用就是有特點(diǎn)。要以表達(dá)清楚句意和適合語境為主。生僻的詞運(yùn)用不好反而會(huì)鬧笑話。俚語是不用。因?yàn)橘嫡Z在英語中是十分口語化的東西,而且千變?nèi)f化。你理解的詞或句子老師也許都不明白,所以還是不用為妙。
C.句式單調(diào):有些同學(xué)為了拿高分,非要“語不驚人誓不休”。在臨場(chǎng)發(fā)揮的情況下,做到這點(diǎn)是比較難的。句子還是以簡(jiǎn)單的短句為妙,即能多表達(dá)幾層意思,又能便于老師評(píng)判。那么如何在即使是同一個(gè)意思的表達(dá)下使句子顯得有特點(diǎn)一些呢?那就要考句式的變化了。看下面這個(gè)例子,對(duì)“粗心駕駛易引起車禍”,可以有這樣一些不同的說法:
a.Traffic accidents are invited by careless driving.
b.Careless driving invites traffic accidents.
c.Anyone who drives carelessly is to invite traffic accidents.
d.Traffic accidents are what careless driving invites.
e.The fact that you drive carelessly invites traffic accidents.
你看,稍微換個(gè)外表會(huì)使你的文章更有趣味性和可讀性。
1)段落寫作中常用的套路。在各種類型的寫作中總是會(huì)有一定規(guī)律可循的,那就是句的的使用。記住一些實(shí)用的句型,在考試中可以提高行文速度。
A.說明原因的句型:a.There are some/two/many good reasons for/to do something.
e.g:a.There are two good reasons for the changes in the way that people communicate with each other.b.The reason for…is that
B.表示不同看法的句型:Some believe that…others argue that…still others maintain that…
eg:a.Some people hold the opinion that it i8 hood to live with parents.b.They
differ greatly in their attitude towards pollution problem.
C.辯論中常用的句型:
a.There is no doubt that…
b.It is obvious/clear that…
c.As is known to all…
d.It goes without saying that…
e.What is more important…
f.I am convinced that….
D.舉例表示法:for.example,for instance,let’s shave an example,a good case in point…
E.概述(用于圖表作文):
a.According to the figures given in the table…
b.This chart shows that…
c.As is shown by the graph…
d.It can be seen from the statistics that…
e.There is a slight/slow/rapid rise/increase、decrease/fall/drop in income/population/price/production…
3、wonderful ending,happy ending
結(jié)尾和開頭一樣都很重要。一般說來,老師閱卷都是看了開頭看結(jié)尾,如果兩頭都很精彩,中間又沒什么大錯(cuò),分?jǐn)?shù)自然就不低了。結(jié)尾一般都是對(duì)全文的概括,或是提出建設(shè)性的意見,或有所展望。常用的方法有: 1)概括總結(jié)。這是最一般的寫法,也是最保險(xiǎn)的。只要把你的意思?xì)w納一下即可,不過要注意用與上文中不同的句子或句型,稍顯變化。
2)以提問的方式結(jié)束。這是比較自信的寫法,因?yàn)槟阏J(rèn)為你一定能說服對(duì)方接受你的觀點(diǎn),因此明知故問,留有回味的感覺。如:As the reason listed above。why don’t you choose the public school for your child?
3)展望式結(jié)語。一般是針對(duì)目前需要改進(jìn)或還沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情或事物提出一種希望。如:In a word,TV adver.tisement,I think,is a newborn thing in the development 0f our economy.Of course,there is much room for improvement in TV ads,but I believe the TV ads will benefits both the advertisers and consumers.
4)口號(hào)式結(jié)語。對(duì)問題分析完之后,提出一種解決方法以供讀者參考,或是提出一種號(hào)召。這種結(jié)尾方法比較有感染力。如:Open your heart to your friends so that whether they are similar to or different from you.you may become the happiest man in the world.
5)引語式結(jié)語。同樣是以引語結(jié)束,但要注意,如果開頭使用了引語,結(jié)論部分不要再用。引語會(huì)增加結(jié)尾的說服力。
在結(jié)尾中常用到的句型有:
as a consequence,…
in short.I firmly support the view that…
in a word…
in general…
as far as I am concerned…
I am sure my opinion is both sound and well grounded.
結(jié)尾的寫作要起到畫龍點(diǎn)睛的作用,所以結(jié)尾的方法也不是惟一的,可以是兩種以上方法的綜合,這樣使你的結(jié)尾更有分量。Wonderful ending,happy ending!不是讓你寫個(gè)喜劇結(jié)局,而是說當(dāng)你寫完精彩的結(jié)尾后,考試的結(jié)果對(duì)你而言應(yīng)該是個(gè)happy ending!
至此,關(guān)于三段式寫作的方法就介紹完了。套路不少,但若是陷到這個(gè)套中文章不免會(huì)干澀呆板。所以還是那句話基本功才是最重要的。