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        2009年中口英譯漢真題精解

        字號:

        2009年3月上海中高級口譯考試在3月15日順利結(jié)束了,我將3月15日考試中級口譯考試翻譯部分英譯漢進行詳細的解析,給參加2009年9月份考試的同學(xué)參考,從這次考試來看,同學(xué)們要緊抓熱點和時事新聞,通過瀏覽新聞網(wǎng)頁關(guān)注熱點新聞和當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟,社會發(fā)展趨勢。對于考試會有較大幫助。
            英譯漢原文:
            In a normal recession, the to-do list is clear. Copies of Keynes are dusted off, the Fed lowers interest rates, the president and Congress cut taxes and hike spending. In time, purchasing, production and loans perk up, and Keynes is placed back on the shelf. No larger alterations to the economy are made, because our economy, but for the occasional bump in the road, is fundamentally sound. This has been the drill in every recession since World War II. Republicans and Democrats argue over whose taxes should be cut the most and which projects should be funded, but, under public pressure to do something, they usually find some mutually acceptable midpoint and enact a stimulus package. Even in today's hyperpartisan Washington, the odds still favor such a deal. This time, though, don't expect that to be the end of the story -- because the coming recession will not be normal, and our economy is not fundamentally sound. This time around, the nation will have to craft new versions of some of the reforms that Franklin Roosevelt created to steer the nation out of the Great Depression。
            解析:
            1、In a normal recession, the to-do list is clear.
            譯:在平常,經(jīng)濟狀況一旦蕭條下來,大家都就很明白應(yīng)該馬上著手做哪些事情:
            本句中,normal recession名詞性短語,但需要采用詞類轉(zhuǎn)換的翻譯方法,進行擴展翻譯成一個句子,the to-do list“大家應(yīng)該做的事情”,本句主系表結(jié)構(gòu),字面意思:大家要做的事情是很清楚的。采用正反翻譯的方法,將其翻譯為“大家都就很明白應(yīng)該馬上著手做哪些事情:”。
            2、Copies of Keynes are dusted off, the Fed lowers interest rates, the president and Congress cut taxes and hike spending.
            譯:重新翻開塵封已久的凱恩斯的著作,聯(lián)邦政府調(diào)低利息率,總統(tǒng)和國會開始減稅,增加財政支出。
            本句是接上文,列舉出的一系列動作,并列舉。在句中,Copies of Keynes are dusted off,字面意思為:凱恩斯著作上的灰塵會被拂去。根據(jù)本文的語意表達環(huán)境,我們采用意譯,翻譯為:重新翻開塵封已久的凱恩斯的著作。
            3、In time, purchasing, production and loans perk up, and Keynes is placed back on the shelf.
            譯:用不了多久,市場上購銷兩旺,生產(chǎn)線生機勃勃,貸款扶搖而上,于是乎,凱恩斯的書又回了書架。
            本句中,前半句purchasing, production and loans perk up中,perk vi. 振作;活躍起來(+up),在英語中“perk up”可以用于形容以上三個主語,而在漢語中有不同搭配,所以對本句,翻譯成三個小分句“市場上購銷兩旺,生產(chǎn)線生機勃勃,貸款扶搖而上”會更好一點。對于“Keynes is placed back on the shelf”中,“Keynes”需要翻譯為:凱恩斯的著作。該句子翻譯為:凱恩斯的著作又會被放回到書架上。
            4、No larger alterations to the economy are made, because our economy, but for the occasional bump in the road, is fundamentally sound.
            譯:不需要對經(jīng)濟體制做重大的改革,要知道我們的經(jīng)濟固然偶爾會有一點磕磕碰碰,從根本上說還是健康的。
            在英語中,每個句子必須有完整“主謂”結(jié)構(gòu),對于本句的前半句“No larger alterations to the economy are made”中的被動語態(tài),翻譯為漢語中的無主句“不需要對經(jīng)濟體制做重大的改革”,本句中“economy” 需要將抽象名詞具體化翻譯為“經(jīng)濟體制”?!?but for the occasional bump in the road”為一個插入語,且為一個“the occasional bump in the road”名詞性短語,需要進行添加翻譯為: 固然偶爾會有一點磕磕碰碰.
            5、This has been the drill in every recession since World War II.
            譯:第二次世界大戰(zhàn)以后,每次蕭條一來,我們都這樣如法炮制。
            本句中的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)翻譯為主動語態(tài),添加主語“我們”。
            6、Republicans and Democrats argue over whose taxes should be cut the most and which projects should be funded, but, under public pressure to do something, they usually find some mutually acceptable midpoint and enact a stimulus package.
            譯:關(guān)于哪個階層應(yīng)該減稅最多,哪些計劃可以得到政府資金援助,共和黨人和民主黨人一直都爭論不休。
            不過,公眾輿論自然會要求他們有所作為,因此他們也往往能找到雙方都可接受的折中路線,共同推動一個經(jīng)濟刺激的一攬子計劃。
            本句采用逆序翻譯法,先從句尾,翻譯兩個并列的賓語從句,再將主句翻譯后跟在后面,這個符合漢語的表達習(xí)慣,漢語經(jīng)常會將表明態(tài)度性的內(nèi)容放在最后面?!癿idpoint”n. 中點,在本句中依據(jù)語言表達需要和環(huán)境具體翻譯為:折中路線。
            7、Even in today's hyperpartisan Washington, the odds still favor such a deal.
            譯:就算在今天的華盛頓,兩黨意見空前分歧,我們依然相信,兩黨都能接受的計劃最終一定會出臺。
            本句中。最難可能就屬這個單詞“hyperpartisan”難了點,該單詞是個合成詞,其中“hyper” adj. 高度緊張的;亢奮的,過度興奮的;易激動的,為英語俚語用詞,“partisan” n. (黨派等的)強硬支持者;黨人,合成詞在本文的語義環(huán)境中,理解翻譯為:兩黨意見空前分歧?!拔覀円廊幌嘈拧笔歉鶕?jù)本文的表達需要,添加進來。
            8、This time, though, don't expect that to be the end of the story -- because the coming recession will not be normal, and our economy is not fundamentally sound.
            譯: 然而這次,我們不能指望事情就能就此了結(jié)――因為這一次到來的蕭條非比尋常,我們的經(jīng)濟從根本上說也已經(jīng)不健康。
            本句中,“don't expect that to be the end of the story”省略了主語,根據(jù)上下文,需要添加主語“我們”。
            9、This time around, the nation will have to craft new versions of some of the reforms that Franklin Roosevelt created to steer the nation out of the Great Depression。
            譯: 這一次,這個國家需要一些富蘭克林·羅斯福的改革手段,并將他們進行更新。在當(dāng)年的大蕭條中,這些改革扭轉(zhuǎn)了乾坤。
            本句中“that Franklin Roosevelt created to steer the nation out of the Great Depression.”修飾前文的“reform”,該定語從句翻譯為后置定語,而對于“reform”抽象名詞進行具體化翻譯為:改革手段。“new versions”進行詞類轉(zhuǎn)換,翻譯為:并將他們進行更新。