第6部分：完型填空 (每題1分，共15分)
閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個選項，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4個選項中選擇1個佳答案，并涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
Hitchhiking
When I was in my teens and 20s, hitchhiking was a main form of long-distance transport. The kindness or curiosity of strangers __ me all over Europe, North America, Asia and Southern Africa. Some of the lift -givers became friends, many provided hospitality __2__ the road. Not only did you find out much more about a country than __3__ traveling by train or plane, but there was that element of excitement about where you would finish up that night. Hitchhiking featured importantly in Western culture. It has books and songs about it. So what has happened to __4__? A few years ago, I asked the same question about hitchhiking a column in a newspaper. __5__ of people (人)from all over the world responded with their view on the state of hitchhiking. “If there is a hitchhiker’s __6__ it must be Iran,” came one reply.
Rural Ireland was recommended as a friendly place for hitching, __7__ was Quebec, Canada – “if you don’t mind being berated for not speaking French”. But while hitchhiking was clearly still alive and well in many parts of the world, the __8__ feeling was that throughout much of the west it was doomed. With so much news about crime in the media, people assumed that anyone on the open road without the money for even a bus ticket must present a danger. But do we __9__ to be so wary both to hitch and to give a lift? In Poland in 1960s, __10__ a Polish woman who e-mailed me, “the authorities introduced the Hitchhiker’s Booklet. The booklet contained coupons for divers, so each time a driver __11__ (who had picked)up somebody, he or she received a coupon.
At the end of the season, __12__ who had picked up the most hikers were rewarded with various prizes. Everybody was hitchhiking then. ” Surely this is a good idea for society? Hitchhiking would increase respect by breaking down __13__ between strangers. It would help fight __14__ warming by cutting down on fuel consumption as hitchhikers would be using existing fuel. It would also improve educational standards by delivering instant__15__ in geography, history, politics and sociology.
1. A. made B. took C. traveled D. crossed
2.A. in B. over C. at D. on
3. A. when B. after C. before D. if
4.A. the books B. them C. it D. the songs
5. A. Hundreds B. Hundred C. Thousand D. Dozen
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案： B,D,A,C,A
解析：Hitchhiking(免費搭車旅行)
When(在…時候) I was in my teens(十多歲) and 20s, hitchhiking was a main(主要的) form (形式)of long-distance(長途) transport(運輸). The kindness (善良)or curiosity(好奇) of strangers(陌生人) __ me all over(遍及) Europe(歐洲), North America(北美), Asia(亞洲) and Southern Africa(南非).
1. B. made(制造, 使成為, 產(chǎn)生, 獲得, 構(gòu)成) B. took (帶走， 取, 抓, 占領(lǐng))C. traveled(旅行) D. crossed(使交叉, 橫渡，越過)
Some of the lift-givers(搭載的司機(jī)) became(變成) friends(朋友), many provided(提供) hospitality(好客，盛情) __2__ the road.
2.A. in B. over C. at D. on
On the street/road在道路上
(倒裝)Not only (不僅)did you find out (發(fā)現(xiàn)，想出)much more about a country (國家)than __3__ traveling by train(乘火車) or plane(乘飛機(jī)), but there was (有)that element (成分， 元素)of excitement about (對…的興奮)where(在哪里) you would finish up(結(jié)束， 完成) that night.
3. A. when B. after (在…之后) C. before(在…之前) D. if (如果)
空格后面出現(xiàn)動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)， 因此首先排除D(if 后不能直接跟動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)， if可以形成一些固定搭配的省略結(jié)構(gòu)， 如： if not, if so, if possible等)。When, before, after都可用作介詞，其后面都可以帶名詞性的結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語， 空格所在的局部結(jié)構(gòu)說“同…乘坐飛機(jī)或火車旅行相比， 你能了解到更多”， 結(jié)合文章主題“hitchhiking/搭便車旅游”， 該句很可能是把“搭便車旅游”和“乘火車或飛機(jī)旅行”進(jìn)行比較， 顯然when(當(dāng)…的時候)放入句子中句意通順。
Hitchhiking featured(作為…的特征) importantly in Western(西方的) culture(文化). It has books(書籍) and songs(歌曲) about it. So what has happened(發(fā)生) to __4__?
4.A. the books B. them C. it D. the songs
空格所在的句子的前面一句中既出現(xiàn)了books， 又出現(xiàn)了songs, 借助推理判斷：如果A是答案， 則D也應(yīng)該是答案， 因此這兩個選項彼此排除掉;剩下的選項都是代詞， 因此確認(rèn)該題考點 – 考察代詞指代內(nèi)容，再次借助推理：如果B(them)是答案， 則them 指代前句中的books and songs，因此空格所在句子的句意為“這些書籍和歌曲發(fā)生了什么? ”下文中并沒有再提到“books and songs”， 提到的還是hitchhiking(搭便車旅游), 因此B不正確， 答案為C(it指代前文中的hitchhiking， 并與后文中的hitchhiking呼應(yīng))。
A few years ago(以前), I asked(詢問, 要求) the same question (問題)about hitching(搭乘) in a column(專欄， 柱狀物) in a newspaper(報紙). __5__ of people (人)from all over the world (全世界)responded with (以…做出回應(yīng))their view (觀點)on the state(狀態(tài)， 情況) of hitchhiking.
5. A. Hundreds B. Hundred C. Thousand D. Dozen(一打，十二個)
hundreds of…數(shù)以百計的
thousands of….數(shù)以千計的
hundreds of thousands of 幾十萬, 無數(shù)的
millions of…數(shù)以百萬計的
dozens of…許多的
“If there is (有)a hitchhiker’s __6__ it must be Iran(伊朗),” came one reply(回復(fù)，答復(fù)).
6. A. sky B. space C. map D. heaven
7. A. like B. as C. for D. since
8. A. big B. large C. general D. little
9. A. have to B. must C. should D. need
10. A. according to B. owing to C. due to D. with respect to
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案： D,B,C,D,A
解析：6. A. sky(天空) B. space(空間) C. map(地圖) D. heaven(天堂)
Rural(向下的) Ireland(愛爾蘭) was recommended as (被推薦作為)a friendly (友好的)place for(適合于) hitching, __7__ was Quebec(魁北克), Canada – “if you don’t mind(介意) being berated (嚴(yán)厲指責(zé))for (因為)not speaking(講， 說) French(法語)”.
7. A. like(喜歡，象) B. as(與…一樣， 作為，因為， 當(dāng)…的時候) C. for(因為， 對于， 適合與，為了) D. since(自從， 以后， 既然)
空格處的詞語需要在它所在的從句中充當(dāng)句子主語，因此首先排除C和D(它們在句子中只能充當(dāng)狀語)
該題考查一個習(xí)慣搭配結(jié)構(gòu)：as is/was/does/did/has + sb./…也一樣
因此B是答案。 該句說“愛爾蘭的鄉(xiāng)村被推薦作為適合搭車旅行的地方， 加拿大的魁北克也是這樣(也被推薦作為適合搭車旅行的地方)”。
But while (雖然)hitchhiking was clearly (明顯地)still alive(活著的， 仍然存在的) and well (健康的，良好的， 滿意地， 從分地)in many parts(地方， 部分) of the world, the __8__ feeling(感覺) was that throughout(遍及) much of the west(西方，西方的) it was doomed (滅亡)
8. A. big(大的， 重大的) B. large(大的，巨大的) C. general (通常的，概括的， 全面的) D. little(很少的， 短暫的， 很少， 少許)
被選項中能與feeling 搭配的詞只有g(shù)eneral (通常的)
With(因為， 用，與…一致) so much news(新聞) about crime(犯罪) in the media(媒體), people assumed(認(rèn)為，假定) that anyone(任何人) on the open(開闊的， 營業(yè)的， 坦率的) road without the money for(為了) even a bus ticket(票) must present(造成，介紹， 贈送， 禮物， 現(xiàn)在的) a danger(危險). But do we __9__ to be so wary(謹(jǐn)慎的) both to hitch and to give a lift(讓他人免費搭車)?
9. A. have to B. must C. should D. need
空格后出現(xiàn)了不定式符號to， 被選項中能出現(xiàn)不定式符號的只有D (need to do…/需要…)
In Poland(波蘭) in 1960s, __10__ a Polish woman(婦女) who e-mailed(發(fā)電子郵件l) me, “the authorities(權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)， 權(quán)威) introduced(介紹， 引進(jìn)) the Hitchhiker’s Booklet(小冊子).
10. A. according to (根據(jù))B. owing to(由于)
C. due to (由于) D. with respect to (至于， 關(guān)于)
B和C是詞義接近的介詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)， 含義均為“因為”， 因此相互排除掉。 A(根據(jù)， 根據(jù)…的說法)放入空格中句意通順((根據(jù))一個波蘭婦女通過email告訴我“政府推出了搭便車旅行者使用的小冊子”)， 因此A是答案。
The booklet contained(包括，包含 ) coupons(優(yōu)惠券) for divers(司機(jī)), so each time (每次)a driver __11__ up somebody(某人， 重要人物), he or she received(收到，接見，遭到) a coupon(優(yōu)惠券).
11. A. sent B. picked C. collected D. helped
12. A. passengers B. hikers C. drivers D. strangers
13. A. fences B. barriers C. gaps D. walls
14. A. global B. world C. entire D. whole
15. A. discussions B. debates C. consultations D. lessons
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案： B,C,B,A,D
解析：11. A. sent(送, 寄, 發(fā)送) B. picked(摘, 挑選) C. collected(收集，聚集) D. helped(幫助)
能與up搭配使用的只有A和B， 文章主題涉及“免費搭車”， 因此推測B是答案(“pick up somebody/在路上搭人”與文章主題呼應(yīng))。
send up v. 使上升，使升高, 長出來源：考試大
pick up: 在路上搭(人)， 接(人)， 撿起, 使恢復(fù)精神, 加速
提示：被選項中的詞語直接或間接與文章主題呼應(yīng)， 則該被選項通常就應(yīng)該是答案。
At the end of (在…結(jié)束的時候)the season(季節(jié)), __12__ who had picked up the most hikers were rewarded with (被獎勵了…)various(各種各樣的) prizes(獎品， 獎金). Everybody(每個人) was hitchhiking then(那時， 那么， 然后). ”
12. A. passengers (乘客) B. hikers C. drivers D. strangers(陌生人)
根據(jù)空格后面的定語從句(搭乘徒步旅行者人數(shù)多的…)， 判斷C(司機(jī))是答案。
Surely (的確， 安全地)this is a good(好的) idea for society(社會， 協(xié)會)? Hitchhiking would increase(增加) respect (尊敬)by breaking down(毀掉， 停頓) __13__ between strangers(陌生人).
13. A. fences B. barriers C. gaps D. walls
空格所在的局部結(jié)構(gòu)說“推倒陌生人之間的….”， gap(差距， 裂口) 不能被“推倒”， 因此首先排除C; 該句說“免費搭車旅行能通過推倒陌生人之間的…而增加(他們之間的相互)尊重”， 相比A(柵欄)和D(墻壁)， B(障礙)能用于指各種有形和無形“障礙/阻礙”， 放入空格中更合適。
It would help(幫助) fight(戰(zhàn)勝) __14__ warming by cutting down on (減少)fuel(燃料， 提供燃料) consumption(消耗) as hitchhikers would be using(使用) existing(現(xiàn)存的) fuel(燃料).
14. A. global (全球的) B. world(世界) C. entire(整個的，全部的) D. whole(完整的， 全部的)
Global warming(全球變暖)是習(xí)慣搭配結(jié)構(gòu)。
It would also improve(改善， 改進(jìn)) educational (教育的)standards(水平， 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)) by delivering (遞送， 陳述， 發(fā)表)instant (立即的，方便的)__15__ in geography(地理), history(歷史), politics(政治) and sociology(社會學(xué)).
15. A. discussions(討論) B. debates(爭論， 辯論) C. consultations(咨詢) D. lessons (課程)
deliver a lesson (講課)是習(xí)慣搭配結(jié)構(gòu)
類似：deliver a lecture/作講座考試大(www．Examda。com)
have a discussion/a debate 討論
閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個選項，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4個選項中選擇1個佳答案，并涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
Hitchhiking
When I was in my teens and 20s, hitchhiking was a main form of long-distance transport. The kindness or curiosity of strangers __ me all over Europe, North America, Asia and Southern Africa. Some of the lift -givers became friends, many provided hospitality __2__ the road. Not only did you find out much more about a country than __3__ traveling by train or plane, but there was that element of excitement about where you would finish up that night. Hitchhiking featured importantly in Western culture. It has books and songs about it. So what has happened to __4__? A few years ago, I asked the same question about hitchhiking a column in a newspaper. __5__ of people (人)from all over the world responded with their view on the state of hitchhiking. “If there is a hitchhiker’s __6__ it must be Iran,” came one reply.
Rural Ireland was recommended as a friendly place for hitching, __7__ was Quebec, Canada – “if you don’t mind being berated for not speaking French”. But while hitchhiking was clearly still alive and well in many parts of the world, the __8__ feeling was that throughout much of the west it was doomed. With so much news about crime in the media, people assumed that anyone on the open road without the money for even a bus ticket must present a danger. But do we __9__ to be so wary both to hitch and to give a lift? In Poland in 1960s, __10__ a Polish woman who e-mailed me, “the authorities introduced the Hitchhiker’s Booklet. The booklet contained coupons for divers, so each time a driver __11__ (who had picked)up somebody, he or she received a coupon.
At the end of the season, __12__ who had picked up the most hikers were rewarded with various prizes. Everybody was hitchhiking then. ” Surely this is a good idea for society? Hitchhiking would increase respect by breaking down __13__ between strangers. It would help fight __14__ warming by cutting down on fuel consumption as hitchhikers would be using existing fuel. It would also improve educational standards by delivering instant__15__ in geography, history, politics and sociology.
1. A. made B. took C. traveled D. crossed
2.A. in B. over C. at D. on
3. A. when B. after C. before D. if
4.A. the books B. them C. it D. the songs
5. A. Hundreds B. Hundred C. Thousand D. Dozen
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案： B,D,A,C,A
解析：Hitchhiking(免費搭車旅行)
When(在…時候) I was in my teens(十多歲) and 20s, hitchhiking was a main(主要的) form (形式)of long-distance(長途) transport(運輸). The kindness (善良)or curiosity(好奇) of strangers(陌生人) __ me all over(遍及) Europe(歐洲), North America(北美), Asia(亞洲) and Southern Africa(南非).
1. B. made(制造, 使成為, 產(chǎn)生, 獲得, 構(gòu)成) B. took (帶走， 取, 抓, 占領(lǐng))C. traveled(旅行) D. crossed(使交叉, 橫渡，越過)
Some of the lift-givers(搭載的司機(jī)) became(變成) friends(朋友), many provided(提供) hospitality(好客，盛情) __2__ the road.
2.A. in B. over C. at D. on
On the street/road在道路上
(倒裝)Not only (不僅)did you find out (發(fā)現(xiàn)，想出)much more about a country (國家)than __3__ traveling by train(乘火車) or plane(乘飛機(jī)), but there was (有)that element (成分， 元素)of excitement about (對…的興奮)where(在哪里) you would finish up(結(jié)束， 完成) that night.
3. A. when B. after (在…之后) C. before(在…之前) D. if (如果)
空格后面出現(xiàn)動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)， 因此首先排除D(if 后不能直接跟動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)， if可以形成一些固定搭配的省略結(jié)構(gòu)， 如： if not, if so, if possible等)。When, before, after都可用作介詞，其后面都可以帶名詞性的結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語， 空格所在的局部結(jié)構(gòu)說“同…乘坐飛機(jī)或火車旅行相比， 你能了解到更多”， 結(jié)合文章主題“hitchhiking/搭便車旅游”， 該句很可能是把“搭便車旅游”和“乘火車或飛機(jī)旅行”進(jìn)行比較， 顯然when(當(dāng)…的時候)放入句子中句意通順。
Hitchhiking featured(作為…的特征) importantly in Western(西方的) culture(文化). It has books(書籍) and songs(歌曲) about it. So what has happened(發(fā)生) to __4__?
4.A. the books B. them C. it D. the songs
空格所在的句子的前面一句中既出現(xiàn)了books， 又出現(xiàn)了songs, 借助推理判斷：如果A是答案， 則D也應(yīng)該是答案， 因此這兩個選項彼此排除掉;剩下的選項都是代詞， 因此確認(rèn)該題考點 – 考察代詞指代內(nèi)容，再次借助推理：如果B(them)是答案， 則them 指代前句中的books and songs，因此空格所在句子的句意為“這些書籍和歌曲發(fā)生了什么? ”下文中并沒有再提到“books and songs”， 提到的還是hitchhiking(搭便車旅游), 因此B不正確， 答案為C(it指代前文中的hitchhiking， 并與后文中的hitchhiking呼應(yīng))。
A few years ago(以前), I asked(詢問, 要求) the same question (問題)about hitching(搭乘) in a column(專欄， 柱狀物) in a newspaper(報紙). __5__ of people (人)from all over the world (全世界)responded with (以…做出回應(yīng))their view (觀點)on the state(狀態(tài)， 情況) of hitchhiking.
5. A. Hundreds B. Hundred C. Thousand D. Dozen(一打，十二個)
hundreds of…數(shù)以百計的
thousands of….數(shù)以千計的
hundreds of thousands of 幾十萬, 無數(shù)的
millions of…數(shù)以百萬計的
dozens of…許多的
“If there is (有)a hitchhiker’s __6__ it must be Iran(伊朗),” came one reply(回復(fù)，答復(fù)).
6. A. sky B. space C. map D. heaven
7. A. like B. as C. for D. since
8. A. big B. large C. general D. little
9. A. have to B. must C. should D. need
10. A. according to B. owing to C. due to D. with respect to
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案： D,B,C,D,A
解析：6. A. sky(天空) B. space(空間) C. map(地圖) D. heaven(天堂)
Rural(向下的) Ireland(愛爾蘭) was recommended as (被推薦作為)a friendly (友好的)place for(適合于) hitching, __7__ was Quebec(魁北克), Canada – “if you don’t mind(介意) being berated (嚴(yán)厲指責(zé))for (因為)not speaking(講， 說) French(法語)”.
7. A. like(喜歡，象) B. as(與…一樣， 作為，因為， 當(dāng)…的時候) C. for(因為， 對于， 適合與，為了) D. since(自從， 以后， 既然)
空格處的詞語需要在它所在的從句中充當(dāng)句子主語，因此首先排除C和D(它們在句子中只能充當(dāng)狀語)
該題考查一個習(xí)慣搭配結(jié)構(gòu)：as is/was/does/did/has + sb./…也一樣
因此B是答案。 該句說“愛爾蘭的鄉(xiāng)村被推薦作為適合搭車旅行的地方， 加拿大的魁北克也是這樣(也被推薦作為適合搭車旅行的地方)”。
But while (雖然)hitchhiking was clearly (明顯地)still alive(活著的， 仍然存在的) and well (健康的，良好的， 滿意地， 從分地)in many parts(地方， 部分) of the world, the __8__ feeling(感覺) was that throughout(遍及) much of the west(西方，西方的) it was doomed (滅亡)
8. A. big(大的， 重大的) B. large(大的，巨大的) C. general (通常的，概括的， 全面的) D. little(很少的， 短暫的， 很少， 少許)
被選項中能與feeling 搭配的詞只有g(shù)eneral (通常的)
With(因為， 用，與…一致) so much news(新聞) about crime(犯罪) in the media(媒體), people assumed(認(rèn)為，假定) that anyone(任何人) on the open(開闊的， 營業(yè)的， 坦率的) road without the money for(為了) even a bus ticket(票) must present(造成，介紹， 贈送， 禮物， 現(xiàn)在的) a danger(危險). But do we __9__ to be so wary(謹(jǐn)慎的) both to hitch and to give a lift(讓他人免費搭車)?
9. A. have to B. must C. should D. need
空格后出現(xiàn)了不定式符號to， 被選項中能出現(xiàn)不定式符號的只有D (need to do…/需要…)
In Poland(波蘭) in 1960s, __10__ a Polish woman(婦女) who e-mailed(發(fā)電子郵件l) me, “the authorities(權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)， 權(quán)威) introduced(介紹， 引進(jìn)) the Hitchhiker’s Booklet(小冊子).
10. A. according to (根據(jù))B. owing to(由于)
C. due to (由于) D. with respect to (至于， 關(guān)于)
B和C是詞義接近的介詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)， 含義均為“因為”， 因此相互排除掉。 A(根據(jù)， 根據(jù)…的說法)放入空格中句意通順((根據(jù))一個波蘭婦女通過email告訴我“政府推出了搭便車旅行者使用的小冊子”)， 因此A是答案。
The booklet contained(包括，包含 ) coupons(優(yōu)惠券) for divers(司機(jī)), so each time (每次)a driver __11__ up somebody(某人， 重要人物), he or she received(收到，接見，遭到) a coupon(優(yōu)惠券).
11. A. sent B. picked C. collected D. helped
12. A. passengers B. hikers C. drivers D. strangers
13. A. fences B. barriers C. gaps D. walls
14. A. global B. world C. entire D. whole
15. A. discussions B. debates C. consultations D. lessons
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案： B,C,B,A,D
解析：11. A. sent(送, 寄, 發(fā)送) B. picked(摘, 挑選) C. collected(收集，聚集) D. helped(幫助)
能與up搭配使用的只有A和B， 文章主題涉及“免費搭車”， 因此推測B是答案(“pick up somebody/在路上搭人”與文章主題呼應(yīng))。
send up v. 使上升，使升高, 長出來源：考試大
pick up: 在路上搭(人)， 接(人)， 撿起, 使恢復(fù)精神, 加速
提示：被選項中的詞語直接或間接與文章主題呼應(yīng)， 則該被選項通常就應(yīng)該是答案。
At the end of (在…結(jié)束的時候)the season(季節(jié)), __12__ who had picked up the most hikers were rewarded with (被獎勵了…)various(各種各樣的) prizes(獎品， 獎金). Everybody(每個人) was hitchhiking then(那時， 那么， 然后). ”
12. A. passengers (乘客) B. hikers C. drivers D. strangers(陌生人)
根據(jù)空格后面的定語從句(搭乘徒步旅行者人數(shù)多的…)， 判斷C(司機(jī))是答案。
Surely (的確， 安全地)this is a good(好的) idea for society(社會， 協(xié)會)? Hitchhiking would increase(增加) respect (尊敬)by breaking down(毀掉， 停頓) __13__ between strangers(陌生人).
13. A. fences B. barriers C. gaps D. walls
空格所在的局部結(jié)構(gòu)說“推倒陌生人之間的….”， gap(差距， 裂口) 不能被“推倒”， 因此首先排除C; 該句說“免費搭車旅行能通過推倒陌生人之間的…而增加(他們之間的相互)尊重”， 相比A(柵欄)和D(墻壁)， B(障礙)能用于指各種有形和無形“障礙/阻礙”， 放入空格中更合適。
It would help(幫助) fight(戰(zhàn)勝) __14__ warming by cutting down on (減少)fuel(燃料， 提供燃料) consumption(消耗) as hitchhikers would be using(使用) existing(現(xiàn)存的) fuel(燃料).
14. A. global (全球的) B. world(世界) C. entire(整個的，全部的) D. whole(完整的， 全部的)
Global warming(全球變暖)是習(xí)慣搭配結(jié)構(gòu)。
It would also improve(改善， 改進(jìn)) educational (教育的)standards(水平， 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)) by delivering (遞送， 陳述， 發(fā)表)instant (立即的，方便的)__15__ in geography(地理), history(歷史), politics(政治) and sociology(社會學(xué)).
15. A. discussions(討論) B. debates(爭論， 辯論) C. consultations(咨詢) D. lessons (課程)
deliver a lesson (講課)是習(xí)慣搭配結(jié)構(gòu)
類似：deliver a lecture/作講座考試大(www．Examda。com)
have a discussion/a debate 討論