3.on+名詞構(gòu)成的詞組：on表示處于某種狀態(tài)或在某個(gè)方位：on board乘（車,飛機(jī)）, on call聽候召喚, on duty值班, on earth到底, on fire著火, on foot步行，on guard在崗，on hire雇用，on holiday度假，on leave休假，on one’s knees跪下, on one’s way在…的路上,on purpose故意, on sale待售，on shore在岸上, on time準(zhǔn)時(shí), on the move行動(dòng), on the other hand另一方面, on the spot當(dāng)場(chǎng), on the tip of one’s tongue快要說出口, on top of在…的頂部，on watch值班。
    九、TO
    1.動(dòng)詞+to
    a)動(dòng)詞+ to。介詞to意為“達(dá)到，指向”等：adjust to適應(yīng), attend to處理；照料, agree to贊同, amount to加起來達(dá)…，belong to屬于, come to達(dá)到, drink to為…干杯，get to到達(dá), happen to發(fā)生在某人身上, hold to緊握, lead to通向, listen to聽, occur to想起, object to反對(duì), point to指向, respond to回答, refer to參考；指的是…；涉及, reply to回答, see to負(fù)責(zé), stick to堅(jiān)持, turn to求助, write to給某人寫信。例如：
    She must learn to adjust herself to English life. 她必須學(xué)會(huì)適應(yīng)英國的生活。
    Business has to be attended to. 有事要辦。
    An idea occurred to me. 我想出一個(gè)辦法。
    b)動(dòng)詞(+sth.)+to+sb.。下列動(dòng)詞不能直接帶間接賓語sb.，要接間接賓語時(shí)須在動(dòng)詞后加介詞to：announce to通知某人, describe to向某人描述, explain to向某人解釋, express to對(duì)某人表達(dá), mention to提及, nod to向某人點(diǎn)頭, report to報(bào)告, say to告知, shout to對(duì)某人大叫, suggest to對(duì)某人提建議, speak to與某人交談, talk to跟某人談話, whisper to和某人低聲耳語。例如：
    She suggested to me one or two suitable people for the committee. 她跟我向委員會(huì)推舉了一兩個(gè)合適的人選。
    c)動(dòng)詞+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.。此時(shí)介詞to可譯成“到，于，給”等意思：add to 增加, compare to比作, carry to運(yùn)送至, devote to致力于, introduce to介紹給, invite to邀請(qǐng)參加, join to連接到, leave to委托給, reduce to下降至, sentence to判處, take to帶到。例如：
    Please add a piece of candy to coffee. 請(qǐng)給咖啡加塊糖。
    Poets like to compare life to stage. 詩人喜歡把人生比作舞臺(tái)。
    2. be +形容詞/過去分詞+ to。to的意思是“對(duì)…”：be alive to覺察；曉得, be attentive to注意；留心, be awake to知曉, be blind to缺乏眼光, be close to緊挨著, be common to對(duì)某人來說很普通, be contrary to違反；反對(duì), be devoted to致力, be deaf to不愿意聽, be equal to有…的力量, be exposed to暴露；遭受, be fair to對(duì)…公平, be familiar to對(duì)某人來說熟悉, be grateful to對(duì)某人心存感激, be good to對(duì)…有好處, be harmful to對(duì)…有危害, be important to 對(duì)…重要, be kind to友好對(duì)待, be known to周知于, be married to嫁給, be moved to轉(zhuǎn)移到, be near to靠近, be necessary to對(duì)…有必要, be opposite to在對(duì)面, be opposed to反對(duì), be pleasant to合某人之意, be proper to專屬, be polite to禮貌待人, be rude to粗暴對(duì)待, be relative to與…有關(guān), be strange to不習(xí)慣, be similar to類似, be suitable to適合, be true to忠實(shí), be thankful to感激, be useful to對(duì)…有用, be used to習(xí)慣。例如：
    Are you alive to what is going on? 你注意到發(fā)生什么事了嗎？
    The old man was not equal to the situation. 那老人不能應(yīng)付這種情況。
    His house is opposite to mine. 他的房子在我的房子對(duì)面。
    3.to+名詞構(gòu)成的詞組有：to a degree在某種程度上, to date到現(xiàn)在為止, to one’s feet跳起來，to one’s mind照…看來, to one’s surprise使…吃驚, to one’s taste符合胃口, to oneself獨(dú)自享用, to order定做, to the letter不折不扣地, to the point中肯地。
    十、WITH
    1.動(dòng)詞+ with
    a)動(dòng)詞+ with。with接對(duì)象或目標(biāo)，意思為“與…，從…”：agree with同意；適應(yīng), begin with從…開始, continue with繼續(xù), do with應(yīng)付, deal with對(duì)付, fight with與…作戰(zhàn), fool with愚弄, hurry with忙于, mix with與…混合在一起, meet with偶遇, play with把玩, quarrel with與某人爭吵, reason with與某人評(píng)理, settle with與人協(xié)商。例如：
    Let’s begin our class with an English song. 我們以一首英語歌開講。
    I meant to reason with you, but you won’t reason. 我本要與你理論理論，但你不愿意。
    b)動(dòng)詞+ sth./sb. + with + sth./sb.。介詞with意為“以，用”：compare with 與…比較, combine with與…混合, equip with以…裝備, feed with用…喂養(yǎng), furnish with用…裝飾, provide with提供, replace with以…替代, supply with供給。例如：
    Education must be combined with productive labour.教育應(yīng)與生產(chǎn)力相結(jié)合。
    They replaced slave labour with machines. 他們用機(jī)器代替奴工。
    2. be +形容詞/過去分詞+ with。介詞with表示情緒的原因、憑借等意思：be angry with惱怒, be annoyed with使煩惱, be busy with忙于, be bored with使煩心, be burdened with擔(dān)負(fù), be crowded with擁擠著, be connected with與…聯(lián)系, be covered with覆蓋著, be concerned with關(guān)心, be content with對(duì)…滿意, be disappointed with失望于, be delighted with對(duì)…感到高興, be engaged with忙碌于, be exhausted with由于…而極度疲倦, be filled with充滿, be familiar with熟悉, be friendly with對(duì)…友好, be occupied with忙碌, be overcome with極為, be popular with受…歡迎, be patient with對(duì)…有耐心, be pleased with 對(duì)…高興, be satisfied with滿意于, be strict with對(duì)…嚴(yán)格, be wrong with有毛病, be wild with因…而欣喜。例如：
    He was much annoyed with his son’s behavior. 他對(duì)兒子的行為相當(dāng)惱火。
    I’m fully occupied with my daily work. 我忙碌于日常事務(wù)。
    When he caught sight of her, he was overcome with despair. 看到她，他非常失望。
    3.動(dòng)詞+副詞/介詞短語+with構(gòu)成的詞組: catch up with趕上, do away with廢除,fall in love with愛上, get together with與…聯(lián)歡,keep in touch with保持聯(lián)系，keep up with趕上。
    綜上所述，常用介詞搭配在英語中極其豐富，意義復(fù)雜多變。掌握這些搭配，對(duì)夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)、提高英語閱讀水平和理解能力是大有裨益的。