What is crucial is recognizing that sustainable agriculture is not just about sustainable food production.
52. How do people often measure progress in agriculture?
A) By its productivity
B) By its sustainability
C) By its impact on the environment
D) By its contribution to economic growth
53. Specialisation and the effort to increase yields have resulted in________.
A) localised pollution
B) the shrinking of farmland
C) competition from overseas
D) the decrease of biodiversity
54. What does the author think of traditional farming practices?
A) They have remained the same over the centuries
B) They have not kept pace with population growth
C) They are not necessarily sustainable
D) They are environmentally friendly
55. What will agriculture be like in the 21st century?
A) It will go through radical changes
B) It will supply more animal products
C) It will abandon traditional farming practices
D) It will cause zero damage to the environment
56 What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A) To remind people of the need of sustainable development
B) To suggest ways of ensuring sustainable food production
C) To advance new criteria for measuring farming progress
D) To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture is
試題詳解
52. B
細(xì)節(jié)題。本題考查關(guān)于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)發(fā)展的衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞measure progress定位在文章第一段末尾：sustainable development is often taken as the sole measure of progress，be taken as表示前后同位關(guān)系，解釋說(shuō)明。
53. D
細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞Specialisation and the effort to increase yields定位在文章第三段的第二、三句。題目問(wèn)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)專業(yè)化及大量提高產(chǎn)量會(huì)帶來(lái)什么樣的后果。文中提到由于產(chǎn)量的加大，使得食物較之以前更加便宜、安全，但是也導(dǎo)致了動(dòng)植物棲息地和生物多樣性減少。B選項(xiàng)中的farmland是農(nóng)田，混淆了文中habitat的概念。
54. C
細(xì)節(jié)推理題。可以通過(guò)題干關(guān)鍵詞traditional farming practices定位在文章第五段第三行：we need to move away from the idea that traditional practices are inevitably more sustainable than new ones. 意思是我們不能再認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)耕作方式一定比新方式更具有可持續(xù)的特征。同義于C。
55. A
細(xì)節(jié)題。題干出現(xiàn)顯性關(guān)鍵詞in the 21st century，定位在文中第五段開(kāi)頭，原文意思是：21世紀(jì)的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和20世紀(jì)的截然不同，也就是說(shuō)21世紀(jì)的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)將發(fā)生巨大的變化。第五段的第二句話提到要求我們r(jià)adical thinking(徹底改變?cè)械南敕?。
56. D
主旨題。答案一般出自文章首段，而且本文從一開(kāi)始就講述可持續(xù)發(fā)展(sustainable development)，而且本文主要談?wù)摴I(yè)生產(chǎn)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展問(wèn)題，因此選項(xiàng)里必須要出現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)和可持續(xù)的單詞。
Passage Two
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
The percentage of immigrants (including those unlawfully present) in the United states has been creeping upward for years. At 12.6 percent, it is now higher than at any point since the mid1920s.
We are not about to go back to the days when Congress openly worried about inferior races polluting America’s bloodstream. But once again we are wondering whether we have too many of the wrong sort newcomers. Their loudest critics argue that the new wave of immigrants cannot, and indeed do not want to, fit in as previous generations did.
We now know that these racist views were wrong. In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. There is no reason why these new immigrants should not have the same success.
Although children of Mexican immigrants do better, in terms of educational and professional attainment, than their parents UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains don’t continue. Indeed, the fouth generation is marginally worse off than the third James Jackson, of the University of Michigan, has found a similar trend among black Caribbean immigrants. Tells fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks-that large parts of the community may become mired(陷入)in a seemingly permanent state of poverty and underachievement. Like African-Americans, Mexican-Americans are increasingly relegated to (降入)segregated, substandard schools, and their dropout rate is the highest for any ethnic group in the country.
52. How do people often measure progress in agriculture?
A) By its productivity
B) By its sustainability
C) By its impact on the environment
D) By its contribution to economic growth
53. Specialisation and the effort to increase yields have resulted in________.
A) localised pollution
B) the shrinking of farmland
C) competition from overseas
D) the decrease of biodiversity
54. What does the author think of traditional farming practices?
A) They have remained the same over the centuries
B) They have not kept pace with population growth
C) They are not necessarily sustainable
D) They are environmentally friendly
55. What will agriculture be like in the 21st century?
A) It will go through radical changes
B) It will supply more animal products
C) It will abandon traditional farming practices
D) It will cause zero damage to the environment
56 What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A) To remind people of the need of sustainable development
B) To suggest ways of ensuring sustainable food production
C) To advance new criteria for measuring farming progress
D) To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture is
試題詳解
52. B
細(xì)節(jié)題。本題考查關(guān)于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)發(fā)展的衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞measure progress定位在文章第一段末尾：sustainable development is often taken as the sole measure of progress，be taken as表示前后同位關(guān)系，解釋說(shuō)明。
53. D
細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞Specialisation and the effort to increase yields定位在文章第三段的第二、三句。題目問(wèn)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)專業(yè)化及大量提高產(chǎn)量會(huì)帶來(lái)什么樣的后果。文中提到由于產(chǎn)量的加大，使得食物較之以前更加便宜、安全，但是也導(dǎo)致了動(dòng)植物棲息地和生物多樣性減少。B選項(xiàng)中的farmland是農(nóng)田，混淆了文中habitat的概念。
54. C
細(xì)節(jié)推理題。可以通過(guò)題干關(guān)鍵詞traditional farming practices定位在文章第五段第三行：we need to move away from the idea that traditional practices are inevitably more sustainable than new ones. 意思是我們不能再認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)耕作方式一定比新方式更具有可持續(xù)的特征。同義于C。
55. A
細(xì)節(jié)題。題干出現(xiàn)顯性關(guān)鍵詞in the 21st century，定位在文中第五段開(kāi)頭，原文意思是：21世紀(jì)的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和20世紀(jì)的截然不同，也就是說(shuō)21世紀(jì)的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)將發(fā)生巨大的變化。第五段的第二句話提到要求我們r(jià)adical thinking(徹底改變?cè)械南敕?。
56. D
主旨題。答案一般出自文章首段，而且本文從一開(kāi)始就講述可持續(xù)發(fā)展(sustainable development)，而且本文主要談?wù)摴I(yè)生產(chǎn)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展問(wèn)題，因此選項(xiàng)里必須要出現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)和可持續(xù)的單詞。
Passage Two
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
The percentage of immigrants (including those unlawfully present) in the United states has been creeping upward for years. At 12.6 percent, it is now higher than at any point since the mid1920s.
We are not about to go back to the days when Congress openly worried about inferior races polluting America’s bloodstream. But once again we are wondering whether we have too many of the wrong sort newcomers. Their loudest critics argue that the new wave of immigrants cannot, and indeed do not want to, fit in as previous generations did.
We now know that these racist views were wrong. In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. There is no reason why these new immigrants should not have the same success.
Although children of Mexican immigrants do better, in terms of educational and professional attainment, than their parents UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains don’t continue. Indeed, the fouth generation is marginally worse off than the third James Jackson, of the University of Michigan, has found a similar trend among black Caribbean immigrants. Tells fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks-that large parts of the community may become mired(陷入)in a seemingly permanent state of poverty and underachievement. Like African-Americans, Mexican-Americans are increasingly relegated to (降入)segregated, substandard schools, and their dropout rate is the highest for any ethnic group in the country.