三、句子漢譯英
1.在美國(guó)每四年舉行一次總統(tǒng)大選。
The presidential election takes place every four years in the United States.
2.多數(shù)黨被提名者得到的支持率往往高出少數(shù)黨候選人。
A majority party nominee usually has the advantage of support over a minority party one.
A major-party nominee always gets higher approval rating than a minor-party nominee.
3.策略在總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選中起關(guān)鍵性的作用。
Strategies play a critical role in the election.
Strategy is critical in the presidential election.
4.為了爭(zhēng)取選票，總統(tǒng)候選人特別關(guān)注那些重要的州。
To win the presidency， a candidate is particularly concerned with winning the states which are important.
In order to get the votes， presidential candidates are concerned with those important states.
5.美國(guó)有十幾個(gè)政黨，其中只有兩個(gè)黨是主要黨。
There are about a dozen political parties in America， only two of which are major parties.
歷年考題：
1.Victory in the eleven ______（large） states alone would provide an electoral majority. （99.10）
答案：largest.此題主要考查large 的級(jí)。
2.Even Democrat George McGovern， _____ had the lowest level of party support among recent
Nominees， was backed in 1972 by nearly 60 percent of his party‘s voters. （99.10）
A.who
B.whose
C.that
D.which
答案：A. who 引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。
3.漢譯英：這與其說(shuō)取決于候選人的個(gè)人特點(diǎn)不如說(shuō)取決于外部因素。（00.4）
答案：This depends on external factors rather than on a candidate‘s personal characteristics.
4.In 1991， after the Gulf War， Bush‘s approval rating reached 91 percent， the highest level recorded since polling ______（begin） in the 1930s. （00.10）
答案：began.此題考查過(guò)去時(shí)，因?yàn)橛幸粋€(gè)明顯的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“in the 1930s”。
5.Americans have learned much about the way in which the system can be managed so as to _____ the peaceful transfer of power from one party to the other. （01.4）
A.make it possible
B.make possible
C.make possibly
D.make it possibly
答案：B.本題中make 的賓語(yǔ)太長(zhǎng)，所以放到了賓補(bǔ)possible 的后面?！癿ake … possible”
表示“使…成為可能”。
6.In deciding _____ a course of action， the candidate tried to estimate its likely impact on the voters. （02.4）
A.what to pursue
B.which to pursue
C.whether to pursue
D.if to pursue
答案：C.分析：所要填的空是deciding 的賓語(yǔ)。而pursue 后面的賓語(yǔ)是a course of action. 選項(xiàng)A “what to pursue”， what 是賓語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)B 中，which 也是作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)D. 語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)不對(duì)，因此選C.
7.A major-party nominee has the critical advantage in the campaign for the presidential election _______ he has the support from the party faithful. （ 03 ，10 ）
A.in that
B.in which
C.for which
D.for that
答案：A “在于”（復(fù)合連詞表示原因）
1.在美國(guó)每四年舉行一次總統(tǒng)大選。
The presidential election takes place every four years in the United States.
2.多數(shù)黨被提名者得到的支持率往往高出少數(shù)黨候選人。
A majority party nominee usually has the advantage of support over a minority party one.
A major-party nominee always gets higher approval rating than a minor-party nominee.
3.策略在總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選中起關(guān)鍵性的作用。
Strategies play a critical role in the election.
Strategy is critical in the presidential election.
4.為了爭(zhēng)取選票，總統(tǒng)候選人特別關(guān)注那些重要的州。
To win the presidency， a candidate is particularly concerned with winning the states which are important.
In order to get the votes， presidential candidates are concerned with those important states.
5.美國(guó)有十幾個(gè)政黨，其中只有兩個(gè)黨是主要黨。
There are about a dozen political parties in America， only two of which are major parties.
歷年考題：
1.Victory in the eleven ______（large） states alone would provide an electoral majority. （99.10）
答案：largest.此題主要考查large 的級(jí)。
2.Even Democrat George McGovern， _____ had the lowest level of party support among recent
Nominees， was backed in 1972 by nearly 60 percent of his party‘s voters. （99.10）
A.who
B.whose
C.that
D.which
答案：A. who 引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。
3.漢譯英：這與其說(shuō)取決于候選人的個(gè)人特點(diǎn)不如說(shuō)取決于外部因素。（00.4）
答案：This depends on external factors rather than on a candidate‘s personal characteristics.
4.In 1991， after the Gulf War， Bush‘s approval rating reached 91 percent， the highest level recorded since polling ______（begin） in the 1930s. （00.10）
答案：began.此題考查過(guò)去時(shí)，因?yàn)橛幸粋€(gè)明顯的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“in the 1930s”。
5.Americans have learned much about the way in which the system can be managed so as to _____ the peaceful transfer of power from one party to the other. （01.4）
A.make it possible
B.make possible
C.make possibly
D.make it possibly
答案：B.本題中make 的賓語(yǔ)太長(zhǎng)，所以放到了賓補(bǔ)possible 的后面?！癿ake … possible”
表示“使…成為可能”。
6.In deciding _____ a course of action， the candidate tried to estimate its likely impact on the voters. （02.4）
A.what to pursue
B.which to pursue
C.whether to pursue
D.if to pursue
答案：C.分析：所要填的空是deciding 的賓語(yǔ)。而pursue 后面的賓語(yǔ)是a course of action. 選項(xiàng)A “what to pursue”， what 是賓語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)B 中，which 也是作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)D. 語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)不對(duì)，因此選C.
7.A major-party nominee has the critical advantage in the campaign for the presidential election _______ he has the support from the party faithful. （ 03 ，10 ）
A.in that
B.in which
C.for which
D.for that
答案：A “在于”（復(fù)合連詞表示原因）