c. Totally alone in the room， her mother wanted to find someone to talk to （她媽媽覺得一個(gè)人在房間里太孤單了，想找個(gè)人說說話。）
    7.某些獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)中：With a book in his hand ， the teacher came into the class. （老師走了進(jìn)來，手里拿本書。）
    8.加副詞a. They started up into the sky until the noise of the rocket died away.（他猛地抬頭往天空看，直到火箭發(fā)射的聲音漸漸遠(yuǎn)去。）
    b. He stole a glance at the pretty girl walking alongside with him. （他偷偷地瞥了他一眼。）
    9.有時(shí)還要根據(jù)實(shí)際需要，加上一些表示“范疇”的詞，即表示籠統(tǒng)意思的單詞，意見、想法、道理等等。
    a. The cultivation of a hobby and new forms of interest is therefore a policy of first importance to a public man. But this is not a business that can be undertaken in day or swiftly improvised by a mere command of the will. （因此，對(duì)社會(huì)活動(dòng)家來說，培養(yǎng)業(yè)余愛好和新的興趣就成為頭等重要的事情了。但這不是一蹴而就的事情，也不能單靠毅力就能臨時(shí)湊成。）
    b. A situation in which such a large number of students cheat openly on the exam and escape punishment is very dangerous and cannot last long（如此多的學(xué)生作弊，居然沒人管，是很危險(xiǎn)的，也不可能持久。）
    c. So he began to study the children‘s responses in situation where no milk was provided（所以，他開始研究小孩子得不到牛奶時(shí)的反應(yīng)是什么樣的。）
    以上的幾句雖然沒有“局面”、“情況”等詞，但其意思卻已經(jīng)包含在了里面。如果不加上“policy”，“business”，“situation ”等詞，意思就不是很清楚，句子也不通順。
    II. 由于漢英結(jié)構(gòu)不同而造成的加詞現(xiàn)象：
    1.由上下文的邏輯關(guān)系而引起的加詞現(xiàn)象：句子結(jié)構(gòu)方面：a. In most cases， this action will produce results. However ， if it does not ， there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction. （在大多數(shù)情況下，這樣做有一定效果。如果還不行，顧客可以采取許多措施直至滿意為止。）
    b. They illustrate， for one thing， the underlying American faith that our future rests on the way our children turn out， and that a basic way to affect children‘s development is through their education. （有一點(diǎn)，他們表明了美國人內(nèi)心深處的一個(gè)信念，那就是，我們的孩子如何成長將決定我們的未來，而影響他們發(fā)展的一個(gè)基本途徑就是通過教育。）
    c. That men have learned much from the behavior of animals is hardly new. （人類已經(jīng)從動(dòng)物的行為中學(xué)到了很多東西的說法并不是什么新鮮事。）
    下面的例句都是一些需要加關(guān)系代詞的現(xiàn)象：d. He passed the exam ， which can be read from his the light on his face. （我從他臉上就可以猜出他已通過了考試。）
    e. He was late on that very morning for the interview ， which totally damaged the possibilities of promotion. （他偏偏在面試的那天早晨遲到，結(jié)果喪失了一次晉升的絕好機(jī)會(huì)。）
    f. As is expected ， he arrived at the railway station in time. （他果然準(zhǔn)時(shí)到了火車站）
    2.在無主句、存在句或一些祈使句中中加主語。
    因?yàn)樵谶@些句子中，主語雖然沒有表示出來，但卻早已隱含在句子里面；加上英語對(duì)句子表面上的結(jié)構(gòu)要求非常嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，因此在漢語翻譯成英語時(shí)往往要加上省略的部分（主語）意思才能完整，例如：a.進(jìn)行社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)必須尊重知識(shí)、尊重人才。
    （In our drive for socialist modernization， we must respect knowledge and talented people. ）
    b.你還是帶把雨傘吧，以防下雨。
    （You ‘d better take an umbrella in case it rains. ）
    c.已經(jīng)快七點(diǎn)種了，他怎么還沒有到？
    （ It is nearly seven o ‘clock now ， why hasn ’t he arrived yet？）
    d.一定不要忘記離家前父母對(duì)你所說的話。
    （Remember what your said to you before you left home.）
    有時(shí)，英語的動(dòng)名詞需要加上其邏輯主語才能顯得意思完整：e. His father-in-law doesn‘t appreciate his smoking cigarette so heavily.（他的岳父對(duì)他抽這么多的煙很不以為然。）
    3.加賓語她媽媽說，他們應(yīng)該帶孩子一起去參加馬麗的生日晚會(huì)。
    （Her mother said that they should bring their baby with them to Mary ‘s birthday party.）
    4.有時(shí)需要加上語氣詞：There were no houses whatsoever when we crossed the marshlands on the Long March ， we just slept where we could.（我們長征時(shí)根本就沒房子住，隨便找個(gè)地方就睡下了。）
    The audience was not interested at all（in any sense） in his long and boring speech.（觀眾對(duì)他那又臭又長的講話一點(diǎn)都不感興趣。）
    減詞：
    I.和一些單詞有關(guān)系的減詞法1.省略“范疇”詞：先看下面的例子：a.系里的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)來找他做說服工作。
    （The leader of the department came to him to the undertake the persuasion）
    b.這次考試不及格，使他深切認(rèn)識(shí)到寫好作文在學(xué)習(xí)英文中的重要性。
    （The failure of this exam made him aware of the importance of writing in learning English.）
    c.這本書的目的是改進(jìn)學(xué)生們的理解能力。