[導(dǎo)讀]2011年托福預(yù)測(cè)：3月12日托福口語(yǔ)預(yù)測(cè)
3月12日將迎來(lái)2011年3月托福第考試，編輯為大家提供了3月12日托福口語(yǔ)預(yù)測(cè)，大家可以根據(jù)2011年托福預(yù)測(cè)來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)托福成績(jī)。
3月12日托?？谡Z(yǔ)預(yù)測(cè)
2009年12月04日 北美托福口語(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
口語(yǔ)1
Which person you want to know more?
口語(yǔ)2
Do you like to go to the same place for yourvacation or different places and spendlittle time at each place for you vacation？
口語(yǔ)3
Reading suggests allow use cell phone in library
listening反對(duì)
1, library should quiet, talking with others will make noise
2, if emergency, they can go out to check messages
口語(yǔ)4
Reading：employers hire costumers to evaluate employees’work
Lecture：example——restaurant manager 不watched herwaiters而hire a manask awaitress’questions whether he is friendly.
口語(yǔ)5
Man wants to go to a trip with the French club, but he doesnot have money to buy aticket
2solutions
1）work for extra hours in a restaurant to earn money.But for his exam next week, hemust be very busy
2）sellhis guitar to a student, but that is a nice guitar.
口語(yǔ)6
Loon birds have two types of feather to protect them in the cold water, they are waterbirds live in cold climate in north America
1）counterfeit (不確定), feather which is the outer layer of the birds’ body. This typeof feather keeps the birds dry, it is packed tightly andoilywhich keep the water goinginto the body.
2）type is down feather,which keeps the bird warm. It is dense and thick and ismaking of soft fluffy material. So it prevents the heat loosing for the body.
2009年12月19日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1.如果別人去你國(guó)家，你推薦什么食物給他？and why？
2.老師是不是應(yīng)該要求學(xué)生參加regular discuss？
3.學(xué)校出了個(gè)通知說(shuō)不讓宿舍晚上吵鬧了。女生同意：（1）她一般在圖書(shū)館看書(shū)，dorm經(jīng)常有**。這樣就也可以再dorm 看了。（2）第二天有早課的同學(xué)需要早睡，太吵了就沒(méi)辦法早睡，這樣就好很多。（3）改善同學(xué)關(guān)系。之前她又一同學(xué)老跟室友吵架就是因?yàn)橥砩铣?。這下不會(huì)了。而且學(xué)校告訴學(xué)生比學(xué)生自己跟一個(gè)同學(xué)說(shuō)好很多。
4.教育學(xué):文章:logical consequence 與inappropriate behavior 之間的關(guān)系。就是說(shuō)懲罰孩子要和為什么聯(lián)系到一起，他才不會(huì)再犯。教授舉了個(gè)例子是教授原來(lái)在大學(xué)教小孩畫(huà)畫(huà)。有一個(gè)叫Mary 的小孩，讓她畫(huà)畫(huà)她畫(huà)到了桌子上，教授就罰她不許出去玩。結(jié)果之后那孩子還是畫(huà)；后來(lái)他就叫他畫(huà)桌子之后不不許用pen畫(huà)畫(huà)了。孩子明白了，以后就不犯了。
5.女生買了演唱會(huì)的票和同學(xué)約好去看concert，但是她sister 要來(lái)看她，有沖突。她自己提出了2 個(gè)解決方案：1）是把票給室友，叫同學(xué)再找別人去。自己去跟sister 好好聊天
2）多買張ticket 帶sister 去，但是就沒(méi)空好好聊天了，而且票更貴，現(xiàn)在聯(lián)系不上姐姐。
6. Immune system：身體免疫的2 個(gè)保護(hù)stages，一個(gè)是Antibiotic stage (第一個(gè)詞不確定，類似的音): 是防御的第一線，防止外物進(jìn)入。例子是skin，可以preventgerms get into body。比如被蚊子咬了之類的。一個(gè)是Mechanical removal:異物的
排出，防止在體內(nèi)生長(zhǎng)，把帶有disease 的germs get out of body，例子是sneeze.2009年06月26日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
第一題 what big event happened in your country recently?
第二題 do you agree or disagree with the statement that friends influence people themost.
第三題
文章：學(xué)校要發(fā)daily emailtoinform school activities
聽(tīng)力：女生贊成。
理由1：學(xué)校以前是有個(gè)newspaper，一周一刊，她有時(shí)候周一讀完，周三周四就忘了這些活動(dòng)。每天都有email，是很好的提醒。
理由2：有時(shí)候活動(dòng)會(huì)被取消，每天通知就能使大家得到新消息，不至于白去。此外，學(xué)生們每天查郵件，使這個(gè)通知很方便。
第四題
文章：教育方法。課堂上，老師用提問(wèn)的方法告訴同學(xué)們自己的觀點(diǎn)，這樣學(xué)生就能pay attention了。講座中，教授舉了自己教小孩的例子。他教育孩子們發(fā)言要舉手，這樣大家就公平，每人都有發(fā)言的機(jī)會(huì)。不過(guò)有個(gè)小姑娘叫Sarah，她從不舉手。教授有一天就說(shuō)阿，Sarah你知不知道你這么做別人不公平說(shuō)不上話啊。沒(méi)等Sarah回答，教授就繼續(xù)了。從此Sarah知道舉手了。
第五題
一個(gè)女的組織了一場(chǎng)戲，其中有個(gè)叫Bill的龍?zhí)卓偸怯洸蛔∨_(tái)詞。預(yù)演就結(jié)束了也還是不行。
方法1：這個(gè)女的想把男的換掉，卻擔(dān)心會(huì)影響人家心情，畢竟人家挺想演的。方法2：男的給了個(gè)主意，說(shuō)每次排練完陪著bill單練，直到Bill練好。不過(guò)女的說(shuō)她哪有那么多時(shí)間呢，每次練完了她都要照顧別的工作。
第六題
講了工業(yè)革命帶來(lái)的兩個(gè)major shifts：
變化1：家庭生產(chǎn)變成工廠生產(chǎn)。舉例說(shuō)制表業(yè)，原來(lái)是在家手工做表，后來(lái)工廠的機(jī)器使制表更快，更efficient，取代了原始的手工方式。
變化2：城市化發(fā)展，工廠把勞動(dòng)力集中，城市逐漸產(chǎn)生并擴(kuò)大
2009年03月27日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
一、題目理解的不是很好。大概的意思說(shuō)你小時(shí)候變化大的personality，以及way和detail
二、孩子應(yīng)不應(yīng)該去上一些practical courses，比如什么烹飪阿，理財(cái)阿等等三、說(shuō)學(xué)校要改變campus guide，女生同意，講了2觀點(diǎn)，不太清楚了。。。。四、不太清楚了。。。。。。。
五說(shuō)女孩喝咖啡把paper弄濕了，怎么辦，男生給了2建議。第一個(gè)沒(méi)聽(tīng)清楚似乎是直接交上去，女孩說(shuō)不好，第二個(gè)是到計(jì)算機(jī)房再打印，女孩說(shuō)遲到。六，說(shuō)的是under ground 動(dòng)物，以及他們的特性，2個(gè)，一個(gè)是能有什么功能在地下保護(hù)自己。說(shuō)一個(gè)什么動(dòng)物能保護(hù)眼睛吧，再說(shuō)要在地下跑很快，說(shuō)一個(gè)動(dòng)物有強(qiáng)壯的前爪，能挖的又快又深
補(bǔ)充哦,我是北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)考的.....那個(gè)口語(yǔ)
1.是Personality change when you are children
2. Should the parents let their children practical course like cook
3.campas cancel the tour guide.女生支持這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的，然后２點(diǎn)證明，我只記得有點(diǎn)是she have been the place......
4.是講一個(gè)commitment的現(xiàn)象，然后教授用她老婆來(lái)舉例，說(shuō)是買房子，然后怎么怎么的，我不誤導(dǎo)了，因?yàn)槲艺嫱?BR> ５．paper出了問(wèn)題，然后女生自己想了２個(gè)建議（不是男生給的），１是直接交不好的，她相信教授不注重外面，２是重打一份
６．Topic is underground animals.然后說(shuō)它們生活有許多Challenges~~然后例句了２個(gè)方面，都是用一個(gè)動(dòng)物來(lái)例舉的，發(fā)音是類似＂矛＂，這個(gè)動(dòng)物的feet,eyes,ear給它在黑夜里帶來(lái)方面以適應(yīng)生活
2009年09月12日 北美托福口語(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1、describe one way of life in your country has been changed and why it is beneficial
I think one the changes in China is the usage of the internet. I remember the figure ofthe internet user in China in 2000 was only 50 million. But, surprisingly, this figurehas soared to 500 million with only ten years. Actually, the internet brings manychanges in people’s life in every aspect. For example, almost each university libraryin China has equipped with the internet. It is helpful for students’ study. They can findmore information faster than ever. Another example is the usage of internet in sociallife. People now in China are using internet to send emails, chat on-line, and theyeven find a blind date on internet.
2、你傾向于什么時(shí)候完成事情：是喜歡剛開(kāi)始就準(zhǔn)備還是到了due day 才開(kāi)始準(zhǔn)備，原因
I prefer preparing in advance.
First, I am a well-organized person. So if I have a plan, it takes time for me to prepareeverything before it happens. I think this is helpful especially when I have many otherworks to do at the same time. If I prepare first, I would feel less stressful.
Second, if I prepare first, I can have time to cope with the emergency. For example, Ionce wrote an essay for my history class with my laptop, but my laptop just brokewhen I was about to finish that paper. So I had to rewrite that essay, and it wasfrustrating.
3、[閱讀]
學(xué)校有通知，要求新生參加學(xué)習(xí)小組，學(xué)校認(rèn)為這樣做有兩個(gè)好處：
1）幫助學(xué)生掌握學(xué)習(xí)技巧
2）讓學(xué)生結(jié)交新的朋友
[聽(tīng)力]
女生不同意，認(rèn)為
1）很多學(xué)生已經(jīng)知道怎么樣學(xué)習(xí)，這樣做會(huì)浪費(fèi)時(shí)間
2）學(xué)生都是在一個(gè)教室上課，遲早會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)成為朋友的，不需要通過(guò)在圖書(shū)館加入學(xué)習(xí)小組認(rèn)識(shí)新的朋友
In the dialogue, the woman disagrees with reading passage which states that theuniversity requires the newstudents to participate in the study discussion group. Shestates two reasons for her idea.
First, she thinks that many of the new students have already learned some learningskills, so it would be waste of time for them to take part in the discussion group.Second, she thinks that the students will become friends finally because they study inthe same class. So it is unnecessary for them to make friends with each other by thediscussion group.
4 動(dòng)物都有maintain自己的方法，有的時(shí)候他們的群體會(huì)保持同一個(gè)規(guī)模大?。╯ize），以防止外部威脅，有的時(shí)候調(diào)整群體的規(guī)模（adjust size）獲取資源，然后聽(tīng)力里給了大猩猩的例子，他們晚上睡覺(jué)的時(shí)候都是100 個(gè)左右在一起，規(guī)模基本很穩(wěn)定，防止別的動(dòng)物攻擊，但是白天覓食的時(shí)候會(huì)分成小規(guī)模去不同的地方。
5 男生因?yàn)榘峒覀撕蟊?，所以想換個(gè)工作，原來(lái)是在書(shū)店搬運(yùn)重物到書(shū)架。兩個(gè)選擇：1）繼續(xù)留在書(shū)店當(dāng)收銀員，但是會(huì)和他的study meeting時(shí)間上有沖突
2）是去cafeteria 洗盤(pán)子，但是錢(qián)少。
The man has a problem that he wants to change another job because he hurt his backwhen working in the book store. There are two solutions for him.
First, he can still work in the shop but play as a receptionist there. Second, he can finda job in acafeteria and wash the dishes there.
Personally, I prefer the first one. I think he has already hurt his back, so it would getworse if he washes dishes, which is very exhausting. Besides, I think he can talk tothe boss about his working schedule so thathe can avoid the time conflict with hisstudy meeting.
6、社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定性由兩種形式形成，一是人們從事同一個(gè)種類的工作，這樣大家有共同的作息時(shí)間，共同的關(guān)注點(diǎn)等；另一個(gè)是從事不同種類的工作，做出不同的貢獻(xiàn)，人們相互依賴，從而形成穩(wěn)定性。
In the lecture, the professor talks about the two forms in which the society keepsstable.
The first form he introduces is that people in a society can do the same kind of job. Bydoing so, they can share the same working schedule and share the same interest at thesame time.
The second for he introduces is that people can do the different kinds of job. By doingso, people can rely on each other because they make different contributions to thesociety.
2009年10月17日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1、近你感興趣的新聞或是故事
Describe a news or a story that you are interested in recently. And explain why youthink it was interesting. Include reasons and details in your response.
I am interested in the new series movies recently. I am abig fan of novel
series of and I never missed any of the series. But I never watched themovie
before. I heard that those fantastic films are produced based on the story written in thenovel <
Harry Porter>. Therefore, I really want to watch the movie and find the differencesbetween
the films and the novels. Besides, I heard that some part of the story in the novel werecut in
order to make the film, So I am interested in reading the book and figure out whatthey are.
2、對(duì)一門(mén)課的檢測(cè)，大家更愿意考試還是交一篇文章。
Some students prefer to take a essay question where they must write an essay to aquestion. Other students prefer to take a test with objective questions. Which type ofexam question do you prefer? Give reasons and examples in your explanation.Personally, I prefer writing an essay to a question. The reason is that I think studentscan learn more skills of the independent thinking skill from an essay. It means youhave to collect the materials, organize it and then express it in your own words. Thewhole processes can enhance one’s learning skills. Take myself for example, I ammajored in literature. So actually, there is no write answer about a specific questionand it means nothing if you just memorize something. So I think if I write an essay, Ican learn more critical thinking from that and that is the essential skill I should havefor my major.
3、公告：學(xué)校要在宿舍開(kāi)餐廳
學(xué)生同意。理由1：有 于大家交 學(xué)習(xí)。
理由2：給大家提供 另外一個(gè)吃飯的地方。
4、說(shuō)廣告營(yíng)銷策略的：speaker說(shuō)他本來(lái) 想買制冰激 機(jī)，覺(jué)得那很麻煩。后來(lái)有一天看到廣告，廣告把每一步驟都說(shuō)得很清楚，他覺(jué)得很容 ，所以就買一臺(tái)回家。說(shuō)廣告molding的作用。
In the lecture, the professor uses his own example to illustrates how the molding isused in advertising. In the example, the professor mentions the he didn’t want to buy aice-cream maker at first because he thinks that the process is so complicated. But oneday when he came across an advertisement of an ice cream maker which illustratedevery process of the how to use it in a very detailed way, he just changed his mind. Hethought the process was not as much complicated as before. So he just bought theice-cream maker and made the ice cream by himself.
5、情況： 生有一幅畫(huà)，要參加從今晚開(kāi)始為期2個(gè)月的藝術(shù)展，但 生把畫(huà)在家 。
兩個(gè)選擇：
1）現(xiàn)在去拿來(lái)得及展出，但會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)下午的review。
2）她媽媽說(shuō)可以給她送過(guò)來(lái)，但得明天，因?yàn)樗龐寢尳裉煲习?。教授說(shuō)可以
明天再展出。但該 生的朋友今晚來(lái)看展覽，如果明天展覽就 看到她的畫(huà)
。
In the dialogue, the woman has a problem that her pictures is supposed to be presentin the exhibition tonight butshe left them at her home. There are three solutions forher.
First, she can go back home and take them immediately but she will miss the reviewin the afternoon.
Second, her mother can help her to bring the pictures tomorrow and she can presentthem then. Personally, I prefer the second solution. First, I think the study shouldalways come the first for the students, so she cannot miss the review. It is important toher study.
Second, I think her friends can still come to see her pictures tomorrow if she just tellsthem the truth. Her friends will understand that.
6、一些動(dòng)物的媽媽會(huì)讓同種族的 輕一點(diǎn)的雌性來(lái)照顧自己的小孩，這樣她就可以出去采食和活動(dòng)，同時(shí)也訓(xùn)練 那些即將當(dāng)媽媽的雌性的mothering skill。Some animals let other younger female animals of the same kind to look after theirbabies. There are two advantages.
First, they can look for food and do other activities because other female animals lookafter their children.
Second, when other females look after other’s children, they can learn somemothering skills which are helpful for them when they become mothersomeday in thefuture.
2009年10月31日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
Task 1
Describe a person who always makes you laugh. Explain why the person is funny.Include detailsand examples in your explanation.
Task 2
Some people prefer to live in a place most of their life. Other people prefer to move to differentlaces. Which do you prefer and why? Use specific reasons and examples tosupport your response.
Task 3
【公開(kāi)信】：有個(gè)學(xué)生寫(xiě)信給校報(bào)建議給一些住off campus 同學(xué)loudge/LOCKER放書(shū)。
這么做的好處1、書(shū)多，拿來(lái)拿去去麻煩。好處2、順便張貼重要信息?！緦W(xué)生議論】：男生反對(duì)。理由1、寢室dorm 也離教室很遠(yuǎn)，有住寢室的同學(xué)也要一直把書(shū)搬來(lái)搬去。理由2、信息可以通過(guò)別的途徑看。問(wèn)：男生對(duì)此建議的態(tài)度和理由。
Task 4
4.natural passengerway，動(dòng)物可以找到natural passengerway 在被人類隔斷的area之間movearound
Task 5
【學(xué)生困難】：女生所在的RADIO CLUB 要招新，負(fù)責(zé)招聘的同學(xué)病了，不能去明天的CLUBAFFAIR了
【解決方案】：女生自己說(shuō)出兩個(gè)方案。方案1、自己去，但是有g(shù)roup meeting。方案2、她室友愿意幫她，但是她室友不是RADIO club member。。問(wèn)女學(xué)生有什么問(wèn)題？對(duì)這兩種solution你更贊成哪一個(gè)？為什么？
Task 6
memory gap。一種是記的時(shí)候信息就是錯(cuò)的，一種別人誤導(dǎo)。
重點(diǎn)機(jī)經(jīng)（7套）——日期按照推薦閱讀的順序排列
2009年06月05日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
Task 1 people you admire
Task 2 University是應(yīng)該用fund來(lái)提供more entertainment還是來(lái)academicprogram
Task3 find partner to present an oral project in history final course
聽(tīng)力中孩子們反對(duì)
1）因?yàn)樗躈ervous，因?yàn)橛幸换厮笥训膒artner就沒(méi)show up，導(dǎo)致她朋友自己做了所有的事
2）期末大家忙沒(méi)時(shí)間
3）因?yàn)榇蠹叶几鞲筛鞯?，根本就不?tīng)，沒(méi)達(dá)到share 的目的
Tast4 一個(gè)小姑娘要在break的時(shí)候幫教授做research，she can’t find room，因?yàn)樗奚嵩诩倨陉P(guān)門(mén)。小伙子就建議
1）住朋友家，不charge然后離學(xué)校還近，但姑娘怕吵，因?yàn)橛衟arty什么的2）apply special permission，在宿舍開(kāi)一個(gè)屋，但是收費(fèi)會(huì)更多，但quietTask5 心理學(xué)：孩子玩游戲的功能
1）help self control，因?yàn)楹⒆涌偸莌elpless，聽(tīng)從爸媽的指揮，然后就不會(huì)control
自己了
2）孩子通過(guò)玩游戲滿足一種毀滅的愿望，因?yàn)榘l(fā)泄在其他方面會(huì)使父母upset。
以building tower這個(gè)游戲?yàn)槔樱汉⒆觽兩w完樓又毀了，就是發(fā)泄、destruction
的行為
Task 6 教授舉他在Lab工作的例子來(lái)講first impression。說(shuō)第一周他表現(xiàn)得特好，他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)就一直認(rèn)為他特好，跟別人說(shuō)他的這個(gè)員工特別擅長(zhǎng)research。但是他的另一個(gè)同事第一周犯了一個(gè)大錯(cuò)誤，但其實(shí)教授的同事比教授厲害，而且后來(lái)表現(xiàn)特別好，但是老板還是認(rèn)為他unreliable，不咋地。題目問(wèn)你對(duì)first impression的理解。
2009年02月27日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1、講你國(guó)家的development
模板1
I think one of the greatest developments in China is the usage of the internet. Iremember the figure of the internet user in China in 2000 was only 50 million. But,surprisingly, this figure has soared to 500 million with only ten years. Actually, theinternet brings many changes in people’s life in every aspect. For example, almosteach university libraryin China has equipped with the internet. It is helpful forstudents’ study. They can find more information faster than ever. Another example isthe usage of internet in social life. People now in China are using internet to sendemails, chat on-line, and they even find a blind date on internet.
模板 2
Using computer is the first technology I wanna learn. First, because I like to go to thenet bars, where there are crowd of people, which dosen’t need me too much thinking,all I have to do is to click the mouse, and it is pretty much relaxing. Also, I likesomething related to music. Therefore, I can get whatever I want about music on theinternet. Another reason is that I can obtain much information too. For example, I can get to know something about current events or the most fashionable movies. Finally, Iam crazy about online chatting. If I surf the internet, I have a chance to chat withanyone, no matter whether they’re in China, the US, or Japan.
2、是否同意父母是我們重要的老師
I agree that parents are the important teachers to us. First, I think because we spendmost of the time with our parent before we become adults, so we actually learn manythings from our parents besides our teachers in school. Take myselffor example; myfather is a professor on physics. He teaches me a lot on physics since I was a child andthat actually cultivate my interests in physics since then. So I just chose physic as mymajor in college. More importantly, parents don’t only teach us knowledge, but theyalso teach us how to deal with people and how to perceive the world.
3、學(xué)校要為學(xué)生的藝術(shù)課找個(gè)director
女生反對(duì)，一是那個(gè)人沒(méi)時(shí)間管那么多學(xué)生
二是這個(gè)director 并不能增加學(xué)生上課的人數(shù)，因?yàn)榇蠹叶疾恢肋@個(gè)人是誰(shuí)，男生說(shuō)是呀，我也不知道這個(gè)director 是誰(shuí)。
The woman disagrees with the statement in the reading passage which states that theuniversity plans to employ a director as the teacher for the art class. She states tworeasons.
First, the director is so busy that he cannot focus entirely on the class.
Second, some students don’t know about this director because he is not famousenough. So the students will probably not go to the class because of him. The classsize cannot be expanded.
4、competence的兩個(gè)階段 conscious 和unconscious
用了typing 來(lái)作為例子來(lái)說(shuō)明competence 的conscious階段。比如剛開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)typing paper的時(shí)候，學(xué)生必須全神貫注，并且在和他談話時(shí)，他必須專門(mén)停下來(lái)。因?yàn)椴荒軌蛲瑫r(shí)作兩件事，所以導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果就是——他打完一篇文章很慢，但是那個(gè)時(shí)候的錯(cuò)誤也比較少.
在unconscious stage階段：人們通常認(rèn)為自己已經(jīng)完全學(xué)會(huì)了這項(xiàng)技能所以不再聚精會(huì)神，常常一心兩用。雖然打字變快，但是常常邊打字便和寢室同學(xué)對(duì)話，導(dǎo)致在打字的時(shí)候犯的錯(cuò)誤變多、題目就是讓你 summarize 整個(gè)材料大意還有如何用例子來(lái)說(shuō)明觀點(diǎn)的。
In this set of materials, the reading passage describes the definition about competenceand the listening passage is a lecture by a professor on the same topic.
According to the reading passage, it says that the competence has two stages: conscious and unconscious.
In the listening passage the professor discusses the same things. The professor usestyping as an example. He says that when he just started to learn how to type, heusually focused on typing without anything else interrupted. In the same time, hemade fewer mistakes. However, when he totally mastered typing, he moved tounconscious stage. He can do several things in the same time, but, he made even moremistakes.
5、女生沒(méi)辦法帶孩子去博物館，因?yàn)闆](méi)有向?qū)А?BR> 2 個(gè)建議，建議一，自己去，沒(méi)有向?qū)?。但是女生懂的沒(méi)向?qū)Ф啵?BR> 建議二，reschedule另外的時(shí)間
The woman meets with a problem that she is not able to take her children to themuseum because there is no guide there available.
There are two solutions. First, she can play as the guide but she is not as
knowledgeable about the museum as the guide.
Second, she can re-schedule the museum visit
Personally, I prefer the first solution. I think the woman can try to find someinformation about the museum and learn it by herself. She can also play as the guidefor her children. Additionally, I think her children would be more comfortable if theirmother is the guide but not a stranger instead.
6、講生物保護(hù)自己的2 個(gè)方法，一是變形、二是行為——舉例：某種動(dòng)物會(huì)裝死。
In the lecture, the professor talks about the two methods that the animals use toprotect themselves.
The first is the transformation
The other is the behavior.
2009年01月23日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
口語(yǔ)1 講述一個(gè)你學(xué)到新東西的過(guò)程，你是怎么克服困難學(xué)到的
另1 版本：你怎么學(xué)習(xí)新科目，舉例子說(shuō)明
口語(yǔ)2 每天聽(tīng)或看新聞，還是不定期看新聞。
口語(yǔ)3 短文介紹了為什么動(dòng)物要遷徙，因?yàn)闇囟鹊淖兓吞鞌车耐{，還有就是他們需要食物speech教授舉了squid的例子。白天沉到黑暗的水里躲避天地，晚上浮出水面覓食，題目要求解釋為什么動(dòng)物要遷徙
口語(yǔ)4 一個(gè)女生想聽(tīng)一個(gè)很有名的教授的creative writing的課，但是教授要求大家寫(xiě)一篇short story，然后他自己選擇學(xué)生。這個(gè)女生從來(lái)不看short story，但是擅長(zhǎng)寫(xiě)詩(shī)，發(fā)表過(guò)作品，就問(wèn)對(duì)話中的男生是應(yīng)該硬著頭皮寫(xiě)short story還是應(yīng)該寫(xiě)詩(shī)以替代
口語(yǔ)5 圖書(shū)館限制借書(shū)到10本，理由是學(xué)生借太多書(shū)看不過(guò)來(lái)。還有不按時(shí)還甚至丟書(shū)。女生反對(duì)，說(shuō)她寫(xiě)research paper，就需要20本；另外，圖書(shū)館這樣做明顯是不信任學(xué)生，她從不會(huì)不按時(shí)還，不會(huì)把書(shū)弄丟
口語(yǔ)6 古人類取火有賴于
1）技術(shù)，加木頭能維持火
2）社交功能，大家輪著加，發(fā)展了社交功能
2009年04月03日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1. 你童年學(xué)到了什么東西？What did you learn in your childhood?
2. 有人喜歡把時(shí)間排得很滿，有人喜歡留很多free time。你呢？
3. 學(xué)校校報(bào)這類宣傳品停止發(fā)放。
理由：一是宣傳和通知改為用 website傳播；二是學(xué)生寫(xiě)review 的參與性不高某男反駁，一是校報(bào)本來(lái)到處都是，很方便拿的，放到網(wǎng)上就沒(méi)人去看了；二是你這樣一搞那么學(xué)生參與就更少了；此外建議一個(gè)：給學(xué)生付工資，那么參與的人一定多了，學(xué)校也有這個(gè) budget。
4.GG 明天論文截止，今天晚上應(yīng)該寫(xiě)完，但今晚答應(yīng)朋友聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)。MM ：你可以去啊，人家都幫你買票了；GG則認(rèn)為，如果去聽(tīng)，今晚就通宵了。GG的另一個(gè)選擇：不去，寫(xiě)論文。但是別人請(qǐng)客票都幫咱買了，不去不行??！6. 雌性動(dòng)物當(dāng)媽后膽子變大。實(shí)驗(yàn)場(chǎng)所：兩種容器，一種像下水道，另一種沒(méi)有頂蓋，可以看到上面。
實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象：兩只 rat，一處女一媽。
現(xiàn)象：處女rat——膽子小，只敢走像下水道那個(gè)；
媽——大無(wú)畏兩個(gè)照走。
結(jié)論：為了給孩子找東西吃，媽天不怕地不怕。
2009年05月09日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1 your way to make friends
2 do you agree? it is important to remember and learn from past experience
3 閱讀：學(xué)校有個(gè)running trailer，很dirty很不smooth,建議水泥pave一下，平整，這樣運(yùn)動(dòng)更爽更安全，而且看上去更美觀，吸引更多人跑步
對(duì)話：男的不同意
理由1：根本不安全，水泥地硬，容易傷到肌肉關(guān)節(jié)，原來(lái)的soft trailer更安全理由2根本不美，鋪了水泥和大街有什么區(qū)別？原來(lái)的樣子更接近自然，讓人更relax.
4 閱讀：心理學(xué)的experiment effect. It occurs when researchers' expectationaffect the results of the research.
教授： 舉了monkey training experiment的例子。兩組monkeys，說(shuō)要訓(xùn)練它們pick up balls and put them into boxes.第一組跟訓(xùn)練者說(shuō)，這組猴子精，第二組跟訓(xùn)練的說(shuō)，這組猴子傻，其實(shí)兩組猴子程度一樣。然后發(fā)現(xiàn)第一組猴子真比第二組學(xué)的好。原因是第一組訓(xùn)練者更用心更耐心，smile to the monkeys。
5 女的晚上要去concertsing了。統(tǒng)一要穿white shirts and black pants。她的一件white shirt吃面弄臟了，現(xiàn)在去買新的來(lái)不及了。還有一件不是純白的，不想穿，和別人有色差。男的說(shuō)去借別人的唄，女的說(shuō)想借室友的，但是室友聯(lián)系不上，不想不經(jīng)過(guò)人家同意就拿人家的衣服。
6 動(dòng)物position of eyes影響survival。
一種眼都長(zhǎng)前面，比如hawk的眼睛，用于捉mice?？礀|西很細(xì)，能看很小的，因?yàn)橛脗z眼。
一種眼長(zhǎng)兩邊，用于看predator。比如duck，吃草還能發(fā)現(xiàn)fox，因?yàn)閮蛇呇劬梢钥吹絠n all directions。
2009年08月29日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1、Describe your favorite subject when you were in primary school. Explain why youlike it. Include reasons and examples to support your response.
2、Some students prefer to attend smaller classes with small group discussions. Othersprefer to attend lager classes with lectures. Which do you prefer and why? Includedetails and examples in your explanation.
3、【公開(kāi)信】：大學(xué)校報(bào)上刊登了來(lái)自一個(gè)學(xué)生的公開(kāi)信。建議學(xué)校應(yīng)該sponsor a wilderness club，由學(xué)校fund租bus組織學(xué)生去郊游。
好處1、學(xué)校提供transport，方便學(xué)生外出郊游。
好處2、去野外看看natural scenery，能讓人fresh。郊游回來(lái)之后，解決schoolwork很efficient。
【學(xué)生議論】：男生同意此建議，認(rèn)為這個(gè)做法有positive impact。
理由1、學(xué)校給同學(xué)們提供bus，可方便那些住在center of the city、have notransports的students郊游。
理由2、studying in library很累。郊游有利于學(xué)生好好欣賞自然風(fēng)景、relax。郊游回來(lái)，更能focus on study。
4、【課文要點(diǎn)】：brood parasites（孵育寄生動(dòng)物）：animals that use a unconventionaltactic to let other animals hatch their offspring for them。
【教授舉例】：教授以cat fish 如何利用cichlid孵卵為例講解此定義。femalecichlid產(chǎn)卵eggs后，會(huì)把它的卵eggs gather，hide在mouth里protect，until theyare ready to hatch。femalecat fish：sneaker the female cichlid，等cichlid張嘴的時(shí)候，cat fish will quickly release their eggs into the water。female cichlid can not telldifferences between自己的卵和cat fish的卵。然后就把catfish的eggs gather到自己mouth里hatch了。Catfish就是這樣cat fish take advantages of cichlid to hatcheggs for them.
5、【學(xué)生困難】：男生邀請(qǐng)了一個(gè)的哲學(xué)教授下星期在學(xué)校的一個(gè)big hallgive a philosophy lecture。但他擔(dān)心對(duì)哲學(xué)感興趣的學(xué)生少、來(lái)聽(tīng)講座的人少，禮堂坐不滿empty。
【解決方案】：女生建議：
1）to spread mass e-mails to all students，let them know the topic。告訴大家這個(gè)講座的內(nèi)容是interesting、is relate to their present daily life的。但男生擔(dān)心這樣做也不能保證有人來(lái)聽(tīng)。
2）to change the format and the topic：move to a smaller room, and make it a smallgroup discussion for philosophy majors，教授可以和philosophy majors近距離進(jìn)行discussion。男生擔(dān)心topic just one week，換topic可能來(lái)不及了。描述男生的困難，女生的兩個(gè)建議，你的建議，為什么
6、【講課要點(diǎn)】：教授講the best body temperature is 36-37 degrees Celsius。Peopleuse two types of thermoregulations（體溫調(diào)節(jié)法）to maintain normal bodytemperature：
方法1：physiological regulation，比如：winter→feeling cold→muscle tissueshake→produce heat→heat the body→maintain bodytemperature。
方法2：behavior regulation，舉例：summer→when you stand under the sunshine andfeel hot→you will walk to shade/shadow of trees or put off some of your clothes toget cooled off. Chilly day→wear sweater.
2009年08月22日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1. spending time in 外國(guó)的優(yōu)勢(shì)。
2. 空閑時(shí)間的活動(dòng)喜歡一個(gè)人看書(shū),寫(xiě)作...還是喜歡share with other people3. 閱讀：校報(bào)的editor 要把one-page international section 取消，換成關(guān)于校園消息的版面。
聽(tīng)力：女的很贊同，因?yàn)閲?guó)際信息大家哪都能看著，而學(xué)校內(nèi)部信息只能從類似學(xué)生會(huì)一類的地方得到，并且時(shí)間久了就忘了，如果校報(bào)能多寫(xiě)些學(xué)校內(nèi)部信息，我們就能cut up 報(bào)紙然后保存以便日后查找。
4. 閱讀：給我們一個(gè)概念叫“reference groups”。說(shuō)人們的行為會(huì)被自己所admire的人影響。
聽(tīng)力：professor 給我們一個(gè)他自己的例子，他說(shuō)他剛上學(xué)的時(shí)候跟一群比自己大的學(xué)藝術(shù)的師兄師姐廝混在一起，他們喜歡穿的普通，像T-shirt, 牛仔什么的，他也就跟著這么穿。結(jié)果到了公司他發(fā)現(xiàn)和他一起的人都喜歡dress up，男的西裝女的也是漂亮衣服鞋子，時(shí)間長(zhǎng)了他也改變了習(xí)慣。
5. 公交車時(shí)刻表改變，如果下課后搭公交車上班會(huì)遲到；要提早去又不可能，因?yàn)樗坝谢瘜W(xué)課。
1） 跟老板討論后，老板建議他可以改到晚班，傍晚做到midnight，可是男生說(shuō)太累；
2）自己騎腳踏車，女生說(shuō)騎腳踏車不錯(cuò)，不過(guò)碰到壞天氣就很麻煩。
6. 植物獲得nutrition 的方法，除了從土壤取得外，還有carnivorous plant用的吃insect的方法，分為active、passive 兩種。active 是Venus flytrap﹙捕蠅草﹚，分泌sweat 的東西吸引昆蟲(chóng)，使其飛進(jìn)mouth，關(guān)起來(lái)并消化；passive 是sundew plant﹙毛氈苔﹚，special leaves 有很多l(xiāng)ittle hair， 分泌sticky glue 黏住蟲(chóng)，并消化。次重點(diǎn)機(jī)經(jīng)（10套）——日期按照推薦閱讀的順序排列
2009年11月07日 北美托福口語(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
Task 1
第一題：talk about something you wanted to do but never had time to do yet. Describe the details and explain the reason.
what do you want to do the most, but never have time to do?
Describe a thing that you always wanted to do but have not yet done it. Detail andexplanations.
Describe something you want to learn, but you do not have time to learnbefore.描述一個(gè)你一直想做卻沒(méi)做的事
Task 2
Do you prefer to do couples of small assignments or one or two big assignments.do you prefer to have several short assignments for a class or one or two longassignments?
Some students prefer short assignments, while others prefer longassignments, whichone do you prefer.
一門(mén)課程經(jīng)?？夹〉腶ssignment好,還是一學(xué)期考一二次大的考試好
分?jǐn)?shù)由很多很短的作業(yè)決定 還是很少很長(zhǎng)的作業(yè)（我咋覺(jué)得我說(shuō)的中文都這么詭異了
Task 3
The university decides to have music performance on every Friday night. And thewoman thinks that it is cool. First, she can perform on the performance.Second, shecan practice to be relax on a performance, e.x. talk to theaudience. Third,all theenrolled students may enjoy the performance for free.
3。 閱讀：關(guān)于學(xué)校的咖啡廳又一個(gè)新計(jì)劃：允許學(xué)生辦音樂(lè)會(huì)
聽(tīng)力：女學(xué)生說(shuō)太好了，第一，她是個(gè)音樂(lè)家，彈吉他又唱歌，這樣的話給像她這樣的學(xué)生提供了表演機(jī)會(huì)，練習(xí)在觀眾前放松表演，還有怎么用麥克風(fēng)什么的。第二，音樂(lè)會(huì)是免費(fèi)的，這樣的話好多學(xué)生可以不用擔(dān)心負(fù)擔(dān)不起。男聲基本上就隨聲附和...
學(xué)校的咖啡店要停掉，每周五晚舉辦musician performance, 正在搭建臺(tái)子，學(xué)生的表演和觀看積極性都很高。
聽(tīng)力女生喜歡這個(gè)新政策，說(shuō)什么像她和她兄弟這些人，這新政策提供了表演的機(jī)會(huì)，她喜歡在觀眾前說(shuō)話主持還是什么的。。。
第三題：學(xué)校要在咖啡屋建演唱的舞臺(tái)。女生覺(jué)得很好，1。可以讓自己學(xué)習(xí)如何在公眾面前表演，克服經(jīng)常，增長(zhǎng)經(jīng)驗(yàn) 2.給同學(xué)提供免費(fèi)欣賞音樂(lè)的地方，因?yàn)橥饷娴目Х任莩３Ｒ召M(fèi)
第三題 學(xué)校要建music club 說(shuō)下女生的觀點(diǎn)女生覺(jué)得好有可以唱歌練歌的地方man覺(jué)得貴
Coffee shop on campus plan to have live music performed by students on Friday nightstarted next month; the store manager believed that student will largely participate inboth performance and attendance for the concert. The female student would like toparticipate playing guitar and singing. This kindof live music in this area cost a lot;compared to that, the coffee shop provides affordable live music experience.閱讀 School is going to host music event at cafeteria (of coffee shop, not sure) onFriday evening. Student musician can come to perform at the event. Also there is nocharge for students to come to watch the music live show.
聽(tīng)力 the female student thinks it is a great idea. Because as a student musician, she isprovided with an opportunity to practice performing in front of the public. She willpractice how to be relaxed and how to talk to audience between each songs. The boyalso agrees with the school decision, because students who enjoy watch live shows areable to come to the performance for free. He also mentioned that other music liveshows hosted by bars/coffee shop outside of campus need to charge cover fees.Task 4
4。閱讀：behavior preference,就是說(shuō)很多情況下人們相信什么事，即使過(guò)后知道這是不對(duì)的，但是還會(huì)繼續(xù)做...
聽(tīng)力：教授以自己經(jīng)驗(yàn)告訴大家，小時(shí)候媽媽說(shuō)如果不穿暖和了就不讓出去...要不然會(huì)感冒，但是，長(zhǎng)大后才知道是感冒病毒引起感冒，并不是溫度，冬天感冒幾率反而小，雖然知道是錯(cuò)的，但是還是繼續(xù)執(zhí)行，而且還讓他的孩子冬天出去時(shí)也要穿得暖暖的。
第四題：閱讀：關(guān)于 brief preservation,聽(tīng)力：教授舉了自己小時(shí)候母親讓他穿厚夾克以防止感冒，等他長(zhǎng)大后發(fā)現(xiàn)感冒是由于接觸病毒引起的，冬天反而不容易感冒，但他依舊教育自己的孩子多穿厚夾克是為了預(yù)防感冒
Belief perseverance
有些人hold belief on available information, even though the information is false.閱讀舉例說(shuō)媽媽告訴小孩天冷穿夾克保暖可以防感冒，可是小孩長(zhǎng)大后知道感冒是因?yàn)椴《疽穑墒撬€是會(huì)對(duì)自己的孩子說(shuō)天冷穿夾克，如果孩子問(wèn)他為什么，他還是會(huì)說(shuō)可以防感冒。
Belief perseverance. Believe is based on available information; even the informationis proved to be wrong, people still hold the same belief. i.e. speaker was told by hismom that if he does not wear jacket, hat, and gloves in the winter and go outdoors, hewould catch the cold. When he grew up, he understand that winter is least possible tocatch cold because the cold virus, the reason for getting cold, is less in winter.However, he still told his son to wear jacket, hat, and gloves before going out of thehouse.
閱讀中是theory: once people hold on to what they believe, it is unlikely for them tochange the beliefs even when they acknowledge the fact which can prove there areflaws in their beliefs.
聽(tīng)力中的教授用個(gè)人經(jīng)歷來(lái)解釋理論：When he was young, he was told to keepwarm in winter because the cold weather will cause him get a cold. Later he
acknowledged that cold was caused by virus instead of cold wind, plus it is easier toget a cold in the fall not winter. However, he still believe there is necessary for him tokeep warm outdoors in the winter to keep away from catching a cold. He also tells hischildren to keep warm in the winter too.
Task 5
The woman has a problem that she planned to go to a ski class on Sunday night,buther cousin telephoned her to visit and to have a dinner together. The man's suggestion:1. ask her cousin if she can change her schedule; 2. (not sure) just attend a part of theski class.
女生想?yún)⒓觭ki ship但是她的親戚周六要來(lái)。男生建議她1.讓她的親戚改到周五來(lái)，但女生覺(jué)得這回讓親戚覺(jué)得不好2.讓女生周日再來(lái)參加ski ship，但女生認(rèn)為這會(huì)影響她返回的時(shí)間
男女生討論周末學(xué)校的ski trip,女生說(shuō)她很想去，但是cousin周六要來(lái)找她。男生給了兩了suggestions，第一，讓她cousin周五來(lái)，這樣的話周六日可以去ski；第二，讓女生只參加部分ski trip，周日自己開(kāi)到山上。（問(wèn)題問(wèn)你的建議，當(dāng)時(shí)徹底把自己的建議部分忘了...大家注意）
女生說(shuō)好像是周日還是周六有個(gè)trip，但是周末她的cousin要來(lái)和她一起吃飯，所以她在想如何可以既參加trip又能和兄弟姐妹一起吃飯。男生給意見(jiàn)，1可以讓她姐妹改時(shí)間來(lái)，2可以自己開(kāi)車（還是什么的，我實(shí)在沒(méi)聽(tīng)明白）改天去trip
第5題 關(guān)于weekend安排的 女的想去 但要陪她的cousin 在周六 因?yàn)楹镁脹](méi)見(jiàn)了。 男的給出主意 周六出去玩周日陪cousin
女生的problem: she plans to go to the ski trip organized by ski club for the entireweekend. However, her cousin will come to town the same weekendand plan to havedinner with her on Saturday evening. She does not want to miss either of it.
男生的兩個(gè)solution: 1) talk to the cousin directly to see if they can reschedule thedinner plan to Friday evening, then she can have dinner with the cousin on Fridayandgo skiing on both Sat and Sun. But the woman is worried to offend her cousin byrescheduling with her.
2) She can go to part of the trip. She can have diner with the cousin on Sat evening,and drive to the ski place on Sun. But the woman is concerned that she will not haveenough time to enjoy skiing with the club members.
Schedule conflicts. ski trip of this weekend, however, her cousin is coming for aconference in town and would like to have dinner with her on Saturday night.Solution 1. Ask the cousin to come on Friday night instead; therefore, she can still gofor the trip from Saturday to Sunday.
Solution 2. Have dinner with her cousin on Saturday, and join the trip on Sunday for acouple hours.
Task 6
Human’s activities threaten the marine environment. 2. The trees which may hold theshadow are cutting down by people, and the sunshine makes the sea lack of oxygen,so it increases the temperature which makes fishes die.
關(guān)于人類行為如何影響native fish。第一，人類為了船運(yùn)，連接了好多湖和海，引進(jìn)了新魚(yú)群，或大型的海魚(yú)，有的會(huì)變成native fish的praditor，降低得nativefish的數(shù)量；第二，改變了湖的溫度。人類為了造房伐樹(shù)，但是本來(lái)樹(shù)是可以遮陽(yáng)，從而降低湖水溫度的，低溫的湖水會(huì)帶來(lái)更多的氧氣，但是現(xiàn)在氧氣減少了，native fish就會(huì)窒息而死。說(shuō)什么捕魚(yú)影響還是污染eco-system，要不就是人類活動(dòng)影響捕魚(yú)業(yè)（貌似是后者）海里的船到了河里就能捕魚(yú)
什么溫度變了，好像魚(yú)死了
關(guān)于人類影響魚(yú)群種類的原因1。引來(lái)海里的魚(yú)吃湖里的魚(yú)2?？车艉舆叺臉?shù)使水的溫度提高，氧氣含量降低，導(dǎo)致魚(yú)的死亡
Fresh water ecological system has been changed due to human activities, which endanger the native fish species by two ways:
1) To introduce the new species from the ocean to the fresh water system by buildingcanals connecting the ocean and the lake. Then the new species may eat the nativefish and risk in the size of the native fish.
2) To change the environment of the fresh water ecological system which the nativefish need to survive. For example, when the trees around the lake are cut off, there isno more shade covered the water. Then the water will lack in oxygen which the fishneed due to the raise of the temperature.
freshwater ecosystem; 2 ways that human being cause the death of native fish; a.is bybuilding canal, results in the coming of new fish species, who are predators of nativefish. b. by cutting trees, left nothing to block the sunshine, increase the watertemperature, less oxygen, death of fish.
2009年08月07日 北美托福口語(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1 描述一件你感興趣的歷史事件
2 dress show 是否體現(xiàn)personality
3學(xué)校implement standard， wide- to all class。男生認(rèn)為沒(méi)有必要
4 閱讀材料：當(dāng)學(xué)生沒(méi)有能力完成任務(wù)時(shí)，老師要給出clue 和hint 幫助學(xué)生，叫facilities。聽(tīng)力：教授舉了一個(gè)例子，說(shuō)一個(gè)女學(xué)生在圖書(shū)館找書(shū)，給了orderlist…5mins后女生找到了書(shū).
5 男生 last semester 修organic class 和chemical class 怎么辦? 男生考慮要不要drop chemical class 女生建議。。。
6講syes 有兩中tears保護(hù)，basal tears能產(chǎn)生化學(xué)物質(zhì)fightbacteria; aflex(拼錯(cuò)了，電腦屏幕會(huì)給出)tears wash 顆粒
2010年01月22日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1說(shuō)說(shuō)你喜歡到哪shopping？（好像還有clothes）
2你是否覺(jué)得it is important to study the history from ancestors.
3 reading:學(xué)校禁止在草地上運(yùn)動(dòng)。男學(xué)生支持，因?yàn)椴莸囟急黄茐牧?，和以前已?jīng)很不一樣了，而且做運(yùn)動(dòng)帶來(lái)了很大的噪音，影響在這附近上課的學(xué)生。問(wèn)男學(xué)生的觀點(diǎn)。
4 Reading: about overconfidence effect. 聽(tīng)力中教授舉了他兒子的例子他兒子畢業(yè)后想到一家報(bào)社工作，很多人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，他覺(jué)得他能被選上，所以學(xué)習(xí)很努力，但是后落選了，不過(guò)他的努力終還是得到了回報(bào)，他取得了很好的成績(jī)，而且找到了其他工作。問(wèn)題是教授的例子。
5女學(xué)生有一個(gè)painting 的作業(yè)讓畫(huà)一個(gè)人的face，本來(lái)她室友答應(yīng)做她的model，可是突然說(shuō)有事不行了，她說(shuō)如果ask for extra week to accomplish it, 但是下周有考試，男學(xué)生說(shuō)可以讓其他人做Model。但是女學(xué)生說(shuō)這周末是parentsday，不知道其他人有沒(méi)有時(shí)間。問(wèn)solution和你的看法。
6關(guān)于兩個(gè)方法防止soil erosion的，第一個(gè)在不同的行種不同的植物。第二個(gè)好像是減少下雨時(shí)雨水對(duì)表層土壤的沖刷。
2009年09月12日 托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1那個(gè)變動(dòng)對(duì)你國(guó)家影響大：computer，TV，airplane
2小孩在大城市生活好還是鄉(xiāng)村
3 學(xué)校要把theater play挪到down town去，因?yàn)槟睦锏膖heater大些，可以容納更多人，且設(shè)備先進(jìn)。但有點(diǎn)遠(yuǎn)，要20分鐘bus or car。男生不同意，1）那個(gè)地方太不方便，沒(méi)學(xué)生愿意去，哪有人?。?）設(shè)備雖然先進(jìn)，學(xué)生不是professional，不會(huì)用，所以light and sound may be not as good as before。4 games與小孩的social behavior有聯(lián)系。Association stage：3－4歲小孩，雖然他們group together但work on individual 比如搭block的時(shí)候，一堆小孩在一起，但搭的是不同的東西，有人搭car，有人搭airplane。Cooperation stage：4－5歲小孩，他們group together也work together。比如搭block一起搭house，會(huì)一起discuss，要多少房間？什么樣的roof？
5 女生剛被選了進(jìn)女籃隊(duì)，她爭(zhēng)取了好久。但是她這學(xué)期選了6門(mén)課，她有點(diǎn)顧不過(guò)來(lái)了。2個(gè)choice（注意不全是男生提）的：quit basketball team or quit onecourse。
6 一個(gè)概念，老building可以修改賦予新的用途?？梢员Ａ裟切┯杏玫膄eature。Speaker建一個(gè)concert hall，用個(gè)老的巧克力工廠。外部除去了什么東西（沒(méi)聽(tīng)清楚）保留了block和window，內(nèi)部，這個(gè)工廠夠大，有地方放很多seats，且頂夠高，有利于聲音表現(xiàn)，窗戶也保證人們?cè)诼?tīng)music時(shí)候能看到外面的景色。
2009年10月10日托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1.描述一下你的MODEL人物
2.小孩應(yīng)不應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)draw or paint
3.關(guān)于學(xué)校stop serving junk food in dining hall，男生不同意。
一：這是沒(méi)有必要的。學(xué)生已經(jīng)很健康了，學(xué)習(xí)完以后吃點(diǎn)零食是挺好的，尤其是finishing paper以后，女生說(shuō)對(duì)啊，比如icecream什么的
二：就算我們不在學(xué)校買也會(huì)到校外的store去買，而且更貴，根本就不省錢(qián)4.動(dòng)物的利他主義：benefic other animals， but reduce the chance of survival。一種生活在加州的動(dòng)物松鼠，它的主要敵人是mountain lion.尤其是吃母的。當(dāng)她發(fā)現(xiàn)有危險(xiǎn)？時(shí)候會(huì)發(fā)生一種高pitch的calling來(lái)警告同伴趕緊逃跑，但是他的calling會(huì)引來(lái)lion，因此自己很可能被吃掉，她犧牲了自己逃走的機(jī)會(huì)，但是給同伴留了生路，尤其是family member 在附近的時(shí)候
5.男生要搬新apartment，但是那里面已經(jīng)有家具了，他的家具沒(méi)有地方放。他只租這個(gè)apartment一年
女生：一，把家具store起來(lái)，但是store也有費(fèi)用
二。selling。還可以得前，但是他明年搬家了還要用家具
6.business network： a group of people join in one group, they meet and built uprelationship, friendship,they can benefit from each other's expertise, which meansshare each other's skill.
這有兩個(gè)有點(diǎn)，一，在一個(gè)group里的人互相benefit。比如，一個(gè)restaurant owner，她要找人
manager financial，然后她再business network里認(rèn)識(shí)了一個(gè)account,并且trust她，她就可以直接雇傭那個(gè)朋友。
二：可以recommended 自己的圈外朋友。例子還是restaurant owner，他認(rèn)識(shí)其他的 owner也想找account，這個(gè)時(shí)候她就可以介紹account過(guò)去。
2009年11月20日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
第一題 你想要學(xué)習(xí)那個(gè)國(guó)家或者文化
第二題 do u agree or disagree that electronic material will replace printed material?第三題 是學(xué)校建一個(gè)lounge for commuter 女生完全同意,2 個(gè)原因：
1、可以一起學(xué)習(xí)
2、可以share information,比如拼車錢(qián)
第四題 agonistic behavior
Lecture 舉例說(shuō)：snacks這種動(dòng)物，兩只碰到了一個(gè)洞穴，然后搶食物，開(kāi)打，不過(guò)不真正傷害對(duì)方，然后終于有一方勝利了。可是贏家(on the top…)有機(jī)會(huì)beat輸家的，但贏家只是release 輸家讓它走，然后自己進(jìn)洞。
第五題
女生theater class 有free trip，今晚組織去看play for free并且要寫(xiě)paper，可是明天要?dú)v史考試，今晚應(yīng)該復(fù)習(xí)
男生建議：你可以看play，回來(lái)再?gòu)?fù)習(xí)。女生否定，說(shuō)：那就太晚了。女生建議：我可以來(lái)回路上看書(shū)。男生鄙視地說(shuō)：condition不好。女生說(shuō)，是呀環(huán)境不好。然后女生也可以今天復(fù)習(xí)，過(guò)兩天去看play，因?yàn)閜lay的日期還有幾天，不過(guò)那樣就要自己付錢(qián)
第六題
一個(gè)好的銷售員要能說(shuō)服有顧慮的顧客購(gòu)買商品
兩個(gè)策略
第一是提出商品的特殊優(yōu)勢(shì) weigh 掉顧慮，例子在electrical store 里，一個(gè)顧客要laptop 但是顧慮是太貴了 銷售員就要說(shuō)我們電腦很fast, efficient，這樣way-outconsumers' concern
第二是當(dāng)場(chǎng)演示，顧客說(shuō)這laptop 不好攜帶，銷售員就要當(dāng)場(chǎng)演示 how easy itcan transport 就是直接打消顧客顧慮了
2010年02月13日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1，在學(xué)校里喜歡什么活動(dòng)
2，藝術(shù)家要天分嗎？
3,一個(gè)學(xué)生給的提議，說(shuō)學(xué)校地上垃圾多，張貼畫(huà)也臟，多。提議學(xué)生組成 volunteer,分組拾垃圾。聽(tīng)力中兩個(gè)學(xué)生討論，一個(gè)女生就不同意，她說(shuō)：臟要看情況，我們學(xué)校這么大，人這么多。剛掃干凈，又會(huì)有垃圾，張貼畫(huà)，你撕了人家再貼，也是一樣的，而且學(xué)生到學(xué)校是學(xué)習(xí)的，不是做志愿者的。真要干凈校園，學(xué)校要雇人，花錢(qián)叫專人來(lái)干。
4,兩個(gè)學(xué)生聊天，一個(gè)說(shuō)倒霉，今早太匆忙，把資料給打印重疊了（反正出問(wèn)題了）都不知道。女的說(shuō)，不急，你再去打。男（jim）的說(shuō)，我得換一臺(tái)新電腦設(shè)施去打。但是馬上要上課了，我得和教授解釋去。
5,鳥(niǎo)窩的兩種搭建方式，一個(gè)把巢建的高高的，藏起來(lái)。另一種讓母的在家看小鳥(niǎo)，公的去找食物什么沒(méi)太清楚。
2010年02月27日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1描述一個(gè)你已經(jīng)會(huì)的技能但還需要提高，用什么方法提高
2同意不同意廣告對(duì)人們的有影響
3一個(gè)學(xué)生鑰匙拉在宿舍，他的歷史課的paper也在房間，歷史課還有兩個(gè)小時(shí)開(kāi)始，他自己提出兩個(gè)方法，一個(gè)找教授談?wù)?，女的說(shuō)也許教授能理解，但男的上次的paper也推遲交，這次又推遲，會(huì)讓老師覺(jué)得他不是個(gè)責(zé)任感強(qiáng)的人，另外一個(gè)方法找管理員開(kāi)門(mén)，時(shí)間還充裕但是得花錢(qián)。
4閱讀說(shuō)學(xué)校對(duì)theatre專業(yè)的有新要求take a trip off campus，看專業(yè)的product，要花35元。女的問(wèn)男的態(tài)度，男的很歡迎，說(shuō)對(duì)理解有幫助，花錢(qián)也不多，花3次的錢(qián)可以看免費(fèi)的。
5文章講一個(gè)概念impact of bias， 第一會(huì)影響人的決定，另外如果發(fā)生其他不同的事件會(huì)讓人recovery，聽(tīng)力以他女兒為例是高中學(xué)生，因?yàn)樗芏嗤瑢W(xué)在一個(gè)學(xué)校，聽(tīng)說(shuō)那個(gè)學(xué)校教育好，她就很想去，但后沒(méi)去成，她很難過(guò)，但當(dāng)她度了一個(gè)summer vacation，她又不難過(guò)，決定去另外一個(gè)學(xué)校。
6 講陸地生物怎么對(duì)付水下缺氧的辦法，一個(gè)是降低body function，降低心率減少需氧量，提到一個(gè)動(dòng)物為例，忘了，另外一個(gè)辦法是減少呆在水下的時(shí)間，一種鳥(niǎo)盤(pán)旋在水上，看見(jiàn)魚(yú)后迅速潛入水中，身上的皮膚好像有一個(gè)功能阻止離地太遠(yuǎn)。
2010年03月06日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1，你的朋友想在課上提高成績(jī)，你有何建議能夠幫助她。
2，你是愿意買書(shū)還是愿意去圖書(shū)館借書(shū)或去店里租書(shū)。
3，有一個(gè)建議說(shuō)要給化學(xué)系的學(xué)生獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，一個(gè)男生反對(duì)。他覺(jué)得有證書(shū)就足夠了，其次錢(qián)可以用在別的地方，如買新的實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備等
4，講公眾效應(yīng)，一個(gè)人如果犯錯(cuò)誤了，你只對(duì)她自己說(shuō)是沒(méi)有用的，你要找做得比她好的人當(dāng)眾表?yè)P(yáng)，這樣會(huì)引起他的注意反而能改進(jìn)他的行為。舉了一個(gè)小孩玩積木的例子。
5，女生的問(wèn)題是不知道現(xiàn)在交作業(yè)好還是明天交好，現(xiàn)在交可以解脫了，并且還可以和朋友們?nèi)ネ妗Ｃ魈旖锌梢栽俑母?，?zhēng)取好成績(jī)。
6，動(dòng)物怎樣消化草，有兩種一種是機(jī)械方法如兔子有大板牙幫助切碎食物，另一種是化學(xué)方法如牛有多個(gè)胃可以促進(jìn)消化。
總的來(lái)說(shuō)3月12日托?？谡Z(yǔ)預(yù)測(cè)還是比較正常的！全新出現(xiàn)的比例仍然很少！絕大部分的考試都是以兩舊兩新為主！所以，2011年托福預(yù)測(cè)可以參照2009和2010年托福機(jī)經(jīng)，恭?？加褌兛荚図樌?！
3月12日將迎來(lái)2011年3月托福第考試，編輯為大家提供了3月12日托福口語(yǔ)預(yù)測(cè)，大家可以根據(jù)2011年托福預(yù)測(cè)來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)托福成績(jī)。
3月12日托?？谡Z(yǔ)預(yù)測(cè)
2009年12月04日 北美托福口語(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
口語(yǔ)1
Which person you want to know more?
口語(yǔ)2
Do you like to go to the same place for yourvacation or different places and spendlittle time at each place for you vacation？
口語(yǔ)3
Reading suggests allow use cell phone in library
listening反對(duì)
1, library should quiet, talking with others will make noise
2, if emergency, they can go out to check messages
口語(yǔ)4
Reading：employers hire costumers to evaluate employees’work
Lecture：example——restaurant manager 不watched herwaiters而hire a manask awaitress’questions whether he is friendly.
口語(yǔ)5
Man wants to go to a trip with the French club, but he doesnot have money to buy aticket
2solutions
1）work for extra hours in a restaurant to earn money.But for his exam next week, hemust be very busy
2）sellhis guitar to a student, but that is a nice guitar.
口語(yǔ)6
Loon birds have two types of feather to protect them in the cold water, they are waterbirds live in cold climate in north America
1）counterfeit (不確定), feather which is the outer layer of the birds’ body. This typeof feather keeps the birds dry, it is packed tightly andoilywhich keep the water goinginto the body.
2）type is down feather,which keeps the bird warm. It is dense and thick and ismaking of soft fluffy material. So it prevents the heat loosing for the body.
2009年12月19日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1.如果別人去你國(guó)家，你推薦什么食物給他？and why？
2.老師是不是應(yīng)該要求學(xué)生參加regular discuss？
3.學(xué)校出了個(gè)通知說(shuō)不讓宿舍晚上吵鬧了。女生同意：（1）她一般在圖書(shū)館看書(shū)，dorm經(jīng)常有**。這樣就也可以再dorm 看了。（2）第二天有早課的同學(xué)需要早睡，太吵了就沒(méi)辦法早睡，這樣就好很多。（3）改善同學(xué)關(guān)系。之前她又一同學(xué)老跟室友吵架就是因?yàn)橥砩铣?。這下不會(huì)了。而且學(xué)校告訴學(xué)生比學(xué)生自己跟一個(gè)同學(xué)說(shuō)好很多。
4.教育學(xué):文章:logical consequence 與inappropriate behavior 之間的關(guān)系。就是說(shuō)懲罰孩子要和為什么聯(lián)系到一起，他才不會(huì)再犯。教授舉了個(gè)例子是教授原來(lái)在大學(xué)教小孩畫(huà)畫(huà)。有一個(gè)叫Mary 的小孩，讓她畫(huà)畫(huà)她畫(huà)到了桌子上，教授就罰她不許出去玩。結(jié)果之后那孩子還是畫(huà)；后來(lái)他就叫他畫(huà)桌子之后不不許用pen畫(huà)畫(huà)了。孩子明白了，以后就不犯了。
5.女生買了演唱會(huì)的票和同學(xué)約好去看concert，但是她sister 要來(lái)看她，有沖突。她自己提出了2 個(gè)解決方案：1）是把票給室友，叫同學(xué)再找別人去。自己去跟sister 好好聊天
2）多買張ticket 帶sister 去，但是就沒(méi)空好好聊天了，而且票更貴，現(xiàn)在聯(lián)系不上姐姐。
6. Immune system：身體免疫的2 個(gè)保護(hù)stages，一個(gè)是Antibiotic stage (第一個(gè)詞不確定，類似的音): 是防御的第一線，防止外物進(jìn)入。例子是skin，可以preventgerms get into body。比如被蚊子咬了之類的。一個(gè)是Mechanical removal:異物的
排出，防止在體內(nèi)生長(zhǎng)，把帶有disease 的germs get out of body，例子是sneeze.2009年06月26日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
第一題 what big event happened in your country recently?
第二題 do you agree or disagree with the statement that friends influence people themost.
第三題
文章：學(xué)校要發(fā)daily emailtoinform school activities
聽(tīng)力：女生贊成。
理由1：學(xué)校以前是有個(gè)newspaper，一周一刊，她有時(shí)候周一讀完，周三周四就忘了這些活動(dòng)。每天都有email，是很好的提醒。
理由2：有時(shí)候活動(dòng)會(huì)被取消，每天通知就能使大家得到新消息，不至于白去。此外，學(xué)生們每天查郵件，使這個(gè)通知很方便。
第四題
文章：教育方法。課堂上，老師用提問(wèn)的方法告訴同學(xué)們自己的觀點(diǎn)，這樣學(xué)生就能pay attention了。講座中，教授舉了自己教小孩的例子。他教育孩子們發(fā)言要舉手，這樣大家就公平，每人都有發(fā)言的機(jī)會(huì)。不過(guò)有個(gè)小姑娘叫Sarah，她從不舉手。教授有一天就說(shuō)阿，Sarah你知不知道你這么做別人不公平說(shuō)不上話啊。沒(méi)等Sarah回答，教授就繼續(xù)了。從此Sarah知道舉手了。
第五題
一個(gè)女的組織了一場(chǎng)戲，其中有個(gè)叫Bill的龍?zhí)卓偸怯洸蛔∨_(tái)詞。預(yù)演就結(jié)束了也還是不行。
方法1：這個(gè)女的想把男的換掉，卻擔(dān)心會(huì)影響人家心情，畢竟人家挺想演的。方法2：男的給了個(gè)主意，說(shuō)每次排練完陪著bill單練，直到Bill練好。不過(guò)女的說(shuō)她哪有那么多時(shí)間呢，每次練完了她都要照顧別的工作。
第六題
講了工業(yè)革命帶來(lái)的兩個(gè)major shifts：
變化1：家庭生產(chǎn)變成工廠生產(chǎn)。舉例說(shuō)制表業(yè)，原來(lái)是在家手工做表，后來(lái)工廠的機(jī)器使制表更快，更efficient，取代了原始的手工方式。
變化2：城市化發(fā)展，工廠把勞動(dòng)力集中，城市逐漸產(chǎn)生并擴(kuò)大
2009年03月27日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
一、題目理解的不是很好。大概的意思說(shuō)你小時(shí)候變化大的personality，以及way和detail
二、孩子應(yīng)不應(yīng)該去上一些practical courses，比如什么烹飪阿，理財(cái)阿等等三、說(shuō)學(xué)校要改變campus guide，女生同意，講了2觀點(diǎn)，不太清楚了。。。。四、不太清楚了。。。。。。。
五說(shuō)女孩喝咖啡把paper弄濕了，怎么辦，男生給了2建議。第一個(gè)沒(méi)聽(tīng)清楚似乎是直接交上去，女孩說(shuō)不好，第二個(gè)是到計(jì)算機(jī)房再打印，女孩說(shuō)遲到。六，說(shuō)的是under ground 動(dòng)物，以及他們的特性，2個(gè)，一個(gè)是能有什么功能在地下保護(hù)自己。說(shuō)一個(gè)什么動(dòng)物能保護(hù)眼睛吧，再說(shuō)要在地下跑很快，說(shuō)一個(gè)動(dòng)物有強(qiáng)壯的前爪，能挖的又快又深
補(bǔ)充哦,我是北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)考的.....那個(gè)口語(yǔ)
1.是Personality change when you are children
2. Should the parents let their children practical course like cook
3.campas cancel the tour guide.女生支持這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的，然后２點(diǎn)證明，我只記得有點(diǎn)是she have been the place......
4.是講一個(gè)commitment的現(xiàn)象，然后教授用她老婆來(lái)舉例，說(shuō)是買房子，然后怎么怎么的，我不誤導(dǎo)了，因?yàn)槲艺嫱?BR> ５．paper出了問(wèn)題，然后女生自己想了２個(gè)建議（不是男生給的），１是直接交不好的，她相信教授不注重外面，２是重打一份
６．Topic is underground animals.然后說(shuō)它們生活有許多Challenges~~然后例句了２個(gè)方面，都是用一個(gè)動(dòng)物來(lái)例舉的，發(fā)音是類似＂矛＂，這個(gè)動(dòng)物的feet,eyes,ear給它在黑夜里帶來(lái)方面以適應(yīng)生活
2009年09月12日 北美托福口語(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1、describe one way of life in your country has been changed and why it is beneficial
I think one the changes in China is the usage of the internet. I remember the figure ofthe internet user in China in 2000 was only 50 million. But, surprisingly, this figurehas soared to 500 million with only ten years. Actually, the internet brings manychanges in people’s life in every aspect. For example, almost each university libraryin China has equipped with the internet. It is helpful for students’ study. They can findmore information faster than ever. Another example is the usage of internet in sociallife. People now in China are using internet to send emails, chat on-line, and theyeven find a blind date on internet.
2、你傾向于什么時(shí)候完成事情：是喜歡剛開(kāi)始就準(zhǔn)備還是到了due day 才開(kāi)始準(zhǔn)備，原因
I prefer preparing in advance.
First, I am a well-organized person. So if I have a plan, it takes time for me to prepareeverything before it happens. I think this is helpful especially when I have many otherworks to do at the same time. If I prepare first, I would feel less stressful.
Second, if I prepare first, I can have time to cope with the emergency. For example, Ionce wrote an essay for my history class with my laptop, but my laptop just brokewhen I was about to finish that paper. So I had to rewrite that essay, and it wasfrustrating.
3、[閱讀]
學(xué)校有通知，要求新生參加學(xué)習(xí)小組，學(xué)校認(rèn)為這樣做有兩個(gè)好處：
1）幫助學(xué)生掌握學(xué)習(xí)技巧
2）讓學(xué)生結(jié)交新的朋友
[聽(tīng)力]
女生不同意，認(rèn)為
1）很多學(xué)生已經(jīng)知道怎么樣學(xué)習(xí)，這樣做會(huì)浪費(fèi)時(shí)間
2）學(xué)生都是在一個(gè)教室上課，遲早會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)成為朋友的，不需要通過(guò)在圖書(shū)館加入學(xué)習(xí)小組認(rèn)識(shí)新的朋友
In the dialogue, the woman disagrees with reading passage which states that theuniversity requires the newstudents to participate in the study discussion group. Shestates two reasons for her idea.
First, she thinks that many of the new students have already learned some learningskills, so it would be waste of time for them to take part in the discussion group.Second, she thinks that the students will become friends finally because they study inthe same class. So it is unnecessary for them to make friends with each other by thediscussion group.
4 動(dòng)物都有maintain自己的方法，有的時(shí)候他們的群體會(huì)保持同一個(gè)規(guī)模大?。╯ize），以防止外部威脅，有的時(shí)候調(diào)整群體的規(guī)模（adjust size）獲取資源，然后聽(tīng)力里給了大猩猩的例子，他們晚上睡覺(jué)的時(shí)候都是100 個(gè)左右在一起，規(guī)模基本很穩(wěn)定，防止別的動(dòng)物攻擊，但是白天覓食的時(shí)候會(huì)分成小規(guī)模去不同的地方。
5 男生因?yàn)榘峒覀撕蟊?，所以想換個(gè)工作，原來(lái)是在書(shū)店搬運(yùn)重物到書(shū)架。兩個(gè)選擇：1）繼續(xù)留在書(shū)店當(dāng)收銀員，但是會(huì)和他的study meeting時(shí)間上有沖突
2）是去cafeteria 洗盤(pán)子，但是錢(qián)少。
The man has a problem that he wants to change another job because he hurt his backwhen working in the book store. There are two solutions for him.
First, he can still work in the shop but play as a receptionist there. Second, he can finda job in acafeteria and wash the dishes there.
Personally, I prefer the first one. I think he has already hurt his back, so it would getworse if he washes dishes, which is very exhausting. Besides, I think he can talk tothe boss about his working schedule so thathe can avoid the time conflict with hisstudy meeting.
6、社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定性由兩種形式形成，一是人們從事同一個(gè)種類的工作，這樣大家有共同的作息時(shí)間，共同的關(guān)注點(diǎn)等；另一個(gè)是從事不同種類的工作，做出不同的貢獻(xiàn)，人們相互依賴，從而形成穩(wěn)定性。
In the lecture, the professor talks about the two forms in which the society keepsstable.
The first form he introduces is that people in a society can do the same kind of job. Bydoing so, they can share the same working schedule and share the same interest at thesame time.
The second for he introduces is that people can do the different kinds of job. By doingso, people can rely on each other because they make different contributions to thesociety.
2009年10月17日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1、近你感興趣的新聞或是故事
Describe a news or a story that you are interested in recently. And explain why youthink it was interesting. Include reasons and details in your response.
I am interested in the new
series of
before. I heard that those fantastic films are produced based on the story written in thenovel <
Harry Porter>. Therefore, I really want to watch the movie and find the differencesbetween
the films and the novels. Besides, I heard that some part of the story in the novel werecut in
order to make the film, So I am interested in reading the book and figure out whatthey are.
2、對(duì)一門(mén)課的檢測(cè)，大家更愿意考試還是交一篇文章。
Some students prefer to take a essay question where they must write an essay to aquestion. Other students prefer to take a test with objective questions. Which type ofexam question do you prefer? Give reasons and examples in your explanation.Personally, I prefer writing an essay to a question. The reason is that I think studentscan learn more skills of the independent thinking skill from an essay. It means youhave to collect the materials, organize it and then express it in your own words. Thewhole processes can enhance one’s learning skills. Take myself for example, I ammajored in literature. So actually, there is no write answer about a specific questionand it means nothing if you just memorize something. So I think if I write an essay, Ican learn more critical thinking from that and that is the essential skill I should havefor my major.
3、公告：學(xué)校要在宿舍開(kāi)餐廳
學(xué)生同意。理由1：有 于大家交 學(xué)習(xí)。
理由2：給大家提供 另外一個(gè)吃飯的地方。
4、說(shuō)廣告營(yíng)銷策略的：speaker說(shuō)他本來(lái) 想買制冰激 機(jī)，覺(jué)得那很麻煩。后來(lái)有一天看到廣告，廣告把每一步驟都說(shuō)得很清楚，他覺(jué)得很容 ，所以就買一臺(tái)回家。說(shuō)廣告molding的作用。
In the lecture, the professor uses his own example to illustrates how the molding isused in advertising. In the example, the professor mentions the he didn’t want to buy aice-cream maker at first because he thinks that the process is so complicated. But oneday when he came across an advertisement of an ice cream maker which illustratedevery process of the how to use it in a very detailed way, he just changed his mind. Hethought the process was not as much complicated as before. So he just bought theice-cream maker and made the ice cream by himself.
5、情況： 生有一幅畫(huà)，要參加從今晚開(kāi)始為期2個(gè)月的藝術(shù)展，但 生把畫(huà)在家 。
兩個(gè)選擇：
1）現(xiàn)在去拿來(lái)得及展出，但會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)下午的review。
2）她媽媽說(shuō)可以給她送過(guò)來(lái)，但得明天，因?yàn)樗龐寢尳裉煲习?。教授說(shuō)可以
明天再展出。但該 生的朋友今晚來(lái)看展覽，如果明天展覽就 看到她的畫(huà)
。
In the dialogue, the woman has a problem that her pictures is supposed to be presentin the exhibition tonight butshe left them at her home. There are three solutions forher.
First, she can go back home and take them immediately but she will miss the reviewin the afternoon.
Second, her mother can help her to bring the pictures tomorrow and she can presentthem then. Personally, I prefer the second solution. First, I think the study shouldalways come the first for the students, so she cannot miss the review. It is important toher study.
Second, I think her friends can still come to see her pictures tomorrow if she just tellsthem the truth. Her friends will understand that.
6、一些動(dòng)物的媽媽會(huì)讓同種族的 輕一點(diǎn)的雌性來(lái)照顧自己的小孩，這樣她就可以出去采食和活動(dòng)，同時(shí)也訓(xùn)練 那些即將當(dāng)媽媽的雌性的mothering skill。Some animals let other younger female animals of the same kind to look after theirbabies. There are two advantages.
First, they can look for food and do other activities because other female animals lookafter their children.
Second, when other females look after other’s children, they can learn somemothering skills which are helpful for them when they become mothersomeday in thefuture.
2009年10月31日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
Task 1
Describe a person who always makes you laugh. Explain why the person is funny.Include detailsand examples in your explanation.
Task 2
Some people prefer to live in a place most of their life. Other people prefer to move to differentlaces. Which do you prefer and why? Use specific reasons and examples tosupport your response.
Task 3
【公開(kāi)信】：有個(gè)學(xué)生寫(xiě)信給校報(bào)建議給一些住off campus 同學(xué)loudge/LOCKER放書(shū)。
這么做的好處1、書(shū)多，拿來(lái)拿去去麻煩。好處2、順便張貼重要信息?！緦W(xué)生議論】：男生反對(duì)。理由1、寢室dorm 也離教室很遠(yuǎn)，有住寢室的同學(xué)也要一直把書(shū)搬來(lái)搬去。理由2、信息可以通過(guò)別的途徑看。問(wèn)：男生對(duì)此建議的態(tài)度和理由。
Task 4
4.natural passengerway，動(dòng)物可以找到natural passengerway 在被人類隔斷的area之間movearound
Task 5
【學(xué)生困難】：女生所在的RADIO CLUB 要招新，負(fù)責(zé)招聘的同學(xué)病了，不能去明天的CLUBAFFAIR了
【解決方案】：女生自己說(shuō)出兩個(gè)方案。方案1、自己去，但是有g(shù)roup meeting。方案2、她室友愿意幫她，但是她室友不是RADIO club member。。問(wèn)女學(xué)生有什么問(wèn)題？對(duì)這兩種solution你更贊成哪一個(gè)？為什么？
Task 6
memory gap。一種是記的時(shí)候信息就是錯(cuò)的，一種別人誤導(dǎo)。
重點(diǎn)機(jī)經(jīng)（7套）——日期按照推薦閱讀的順序排列
2009年06月05日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
Task 1 people you admire
Task 2 University是應(yīng)該用fund來(lái)提供more entertainment還是來(lái)academicprogram
Task3 find partner to present an oral project in history final course
聽(tīng)力中孩子們反對(duì)
1）因?yàn)樗躈ervous，因?yàn)橛幸换厮笥训膒artner就沒(méi)show up，導(dǎo)致她朋友自己做了所有的事
2）期末大家忙沒(méi)時(shí)間
3）因?yàn)榇蠹叶几鞲筛鞯?，根本就不?tīng)，沒(méi)達(dá)到share 的目的
Tast4 一個(gè)小姑娘要在break的時(shí)候幫教授做research，she can’t find room，因?yàn)樗奚嵩诩倨陉P(guān)門(mén)。小伙子就建議
1）住朋友家，不charge然后離學(xué)校還近，但姑娘怕吵，因?yàn)橛衟arty什么的2）apply special permission，在宿舍開(kāi)一個(gè)屋，但是收費(fèi)會(huì)更多，但quietTask5 心理學(xué)：孩子玩游戲的功能
1）help self control，因?yàn)楹⒆涌偸莌elpless，聽(tīng)從爸媽的指揮，然后就不會(huì)control
自己了
2）孩子通過(guò)玩游戲滿足一種毀滅的愿望，因?yàn)榘l(fā)泄在其他方面會(huì)使父母upset。
以building tower這個(gè)游戲?yàn)槔樱汉⒆觽兩w完樓又毀了，就是發(fā)泄、destruction
的行為
Task 6 教授舉他在Lab工作的例子來(lái)講first impression。說(shuō)第一周他表現(xiàn)得特好，他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)就一直認(rèn)為他特好，跟別人說(shuō)他的這個(gè)員工特別擅長(zhǎng)research。但是他的另一個(gè)同事第一周犯了一個(gè)大錯(cuò)誤，但其實(shí)教授的同事比教授厲害，而且后來(lái)表現(xiàn)特別好，但是老板還是認(rèn)為他unreliable，不咋地。題目問(wèn)你對(duì)first impression的理解。
2009年02月27日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1、講你國(guó)家的development
模板1
I think one of the greatest developments in China is the usage of the internet. Iremember the figure of the internet user in China in 2000 was only 50 million. But,surprisingly, this figure has soared to 500 million with only ten years. Actually, theinternet brings many changes in people’s life in every aspect. For example, almosteach university libraryin China has equipped with the internet. It is helpful forstudents’ study. They can find more information faster than ever. Another example isthe usage of internet in social life. People now in China are using internet to sendemails, chat on-line, and they even find a blind date on internet.
模板 2
Using computer is the first technology I wanna learn. First, because I like to go to thenet bars, where there are crowd of people, which dosen’t need me too much thinking,all I have to do is to click the mouse, and it is pretty much relaxing. Also, I likesomething related to music. Therefore, I can get whatever I want about music on theinternet. Another reason is that I can obtain much information too. For example, I can get to know something about current events or the most fashionable movies. Finally, Iam crazy about online chatting. If I surf the internet, I have a chance to chat withanyone, no matter whether they’re in China, the US, or Japan.
2、是否同意父母是我們重要的老師
I agree that parents are the important teachers to us. First, I think because we spendmost of the time with our parent before we become adults, so we actually learn manythings from our parents besides our teachers in school. Take myselffor example; myfather is a professor on physics. He teaches me a lot on physics since I was a child andthat actually cultivate my interests in physics since then. So I just chose physic as mymajor in college. More importantly, parents don’t only teach us knowledge, but theyalso teach us how to deal with people and how to perceive the world.
3、學(xué)校要為學(xué)生的藝術(shù)課找個(gè)director
女生反對(duì)，一是那個(gè)人沒(méi)時(shí)間管那么多學(xué)生
二是這個(gè)director 并不能增加學(xué)生上課的人數(shù)，因?yàn)榇蠹叶疾恢肋@個(gè)人是誰(shuí)，男生說(shuō)是呀，我也不知道這個(gè)director 是誰(shuí)。
The woman disagrees with the statement in the reading passage which states that theuniversity plans to employ a director as the teacher for the art class. She states tworeasons.
First, the director is so busy that he cannot focus entirely on the class.
Second, some students don’t know about this director because he is not famousenough. So the students will probably not go to the class because of him. The classsize cannot be expanded.
4、competence的兩個(gè)階段 conscious 和unconscious
用了typing 來(lái)作為例子來(lái)說(shuō)明competence 的conscious階段。比如剛開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)typing paper的時(shí)候，學(xué)生必須全神貫注，并且在和他談話時(shí)，他必須專門(mén)停下來(lái)。因?yàn)椴荒軌蛲瑫r(shí)作兩件事，所以導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果就是——他打完一篇文章很慢，但是那個(gè)時(shí)候的錯(cuò)誤也比較少.
在unconscious stage階段：人們通常認(rèn)為自己已經(jīng)完全學(xué)會(huì)了這項(xiàng)技能所以不再聚精會(huì)神，常常一心兩用。雖然打字變快，但是常常邊打字便和寢室同學(xué)對(duì)話，導(dǎo)致在打字的時(shí)候犯的錯(cuò)誤變多、題目就是讓你 summarize 整個(gè)材料大意還有如何用例子來(lái)說(shuō)明觀點(diǎn)的。
In this set of materials, the reading passage describes the definition about competenceand the listening passage is a lecture by a professor on the same topic.
According to the reading passage, it says that the competence has two stages: conscious and unconscious.
In the listening passage the professor discusses the same things. The professor usestyping as an example. He says that when he just started to learn how to type, heusually focused on typing without anything else interrupted. In the same time, hemade fewer mistakes. However, when he totally mastered typing, he moved tounconscious stage. He can do several things in the same time, but, he made even moremistakes.
5、女生沒(méi)辦法帶孩子去博物館，因?yàn)闆](méi)有向?qū)А?BR> 2 個(gè)建議，建議一，自己去，沒(méi)有向?qū)?。但是女生懂的沒(méi)向?qū)Ф啵?BR> 建議二，reschedule另外的時(shí)間
The woman meets with a problem that she is not able to take her children to themuseum because there is no guide there available.
There are two solutions. First, she can play as the guide but she is not as
knowledgeable about the museum as the guide.
Second, she can re-schedule the museum visit
Personally, I prefer the first solution. I think the woman can try to find someinformation about the museum and learn it by herself. She can also play as the guidefor her children. Additionally, I think her children would be more comfortable if theirmother is the guide but not a stranger instead.
6、講生物保護(hù)自己的2 個(gè)方法，一是變形、二是行為——舉例：某種動(dòng)物會(huì)裝死。
In the lecture, the professor talks about the two methods that the animals use toprotect themselves.
The first is the transformation
The other is the behavior.
2009年01月23日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
口語(yǔ)1 講述一個(gè)你學(xué)到新東西的過(guò)程，你是怎么克服困難學(xué)到的
另1 版本：你怎么學(xué)習(xí)新科目，舉例子說(shuō)明
口語(yǔ)2 每天聽(tīng)或看新聞，還是不定期看新聞。
口語(yǔ)3 短文介紹了為什么動(dòng)物要遷徙，因?yàn)闇囟鹊淖兓吞鞌车耐{，還有就是他們需要食物speech教授舉了squid的例子。白天沉到黑暗的水里躲避天地，晚上浮出水面覓食，題目要求解釋為什么動(dòng)物要遷徙
口語(yǔ)4 一個(gè)女生想聽(tīng)一個(gè)很有名的教授的creative writing的課，但是教授要求大家寫(xiě)一篇short story，然后他自己選擇學(xué)生。這個(gè)女生從來(lái)不看short story，但是擅長(zhǎng)寫(xiě)詩(shī)，發(fā)表過(guò)作品，就問(wèn)對(duì)話中的男生是應(yīng)該硬著頭皮寫(xiě)short story還是應(yīng)該寫(xiě)詩(shī)以替代
口語(yǔ)5 圖書(shū)館限制借書(shū)到10本，理由是學(xué)生借太多書(shū)看不過(guò)來(lái)。還有不按時(shí)還甚至丟書(shū)。女生反對(duì)，說(shuō)她寫(xiě)research paper，就需要20本；另外，圖書(shū)館這樣做明顯是不信任學(xué)生，她從不會(huì)不按時(shí)還，不會(huì)把書(shū)弄丟
口語(yǔ)6 古人類取火有賴于
1）技術(shù)，加木頭能維持火
2）社交功能，大家輪著加，發(fā)展了社交功能
2009年04月03日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1. 你童年學(xué)到了什么東西？What did you learn in your childhood?
2. 有人喜歡把時(shí)間排得很滿，有人喜歡留很多free time。你呢？
3. 學(xué)校校報(bào)這類宣傳品停止發(fā)放。
理由：一是宣傳和通知改為用 website傳播；二是學(xué)生寫(xiě)review 的參與性不高某男反駁，一是校報(bào)本來(lái)到處都是，很方便拿的，放到網(wǎng)上就沒(méi)人去看了；二是你這樣一搞那么學(xué)生參與就更少了；此外建議一個(gè)：給學(xué)生付工資，那么參與的人一定多了，學(xué)校也有這個(gè) budget。
4.GG 明天論文截止，今天晚上應(yīng)該寫(xiě)完，但今晚答應(yīng)朋友聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)。MM ：你可以去啊，人家都幫你買票了；GG則認(rèn)為，如果去聽(tīng)，今晚就通宵了。GG的另一個(gè)選擇：不去，寫(xiě)論文。但是別人請(qǐng)客票都幫咱買了，不去不行??！6. 雌性動(dòng)物當(dāng)媽后膽子變大。實(shí)驗(yàn)場(chǎng)所：兩種容器，一種像下水道，另一種沒(méi)有頂蓋，可以看到上面。
實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象：兩只 rat，一處女一媽。
現(xiàn)象：處女rat——膽子小，只敢走像下水道那個(gè)；
媽——大無(wú)畏兩個(gè)照走。
結(jié)論：為了給孩子找東西吃，媽天不怕地不怕。
2009年05月09日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1 your way to make friends
2 do you agree? it is important to remember and learn from past experience
3 閱讀：學(xué)校有個(gè)running trailer，很dirty很不smooth,建議水泥pave一下，平整，這樣運(yùn)動(dòng)更爽更安全，而且看上去更美觀，吸引更多人跑步
對(duì)話：男的不同意
理由1：根本不安全，水泥地硬，容易傷到肌肉關(guān)節(jié)，原來(lái)的soft trailer更安全理由2根本不美，鋪了水泥和大街有什么區(qū)別？原來(lái)的樣子更接近自然，讓人更relax.
4 閱讀：心理學(xué)的experiment effect. It occurs when researchers' expectationaffect the results of the research.
教授： 舉了monkey training experiment的例子。兩組monkeys，說(shuō)要訓(xùn)練它們pick up balls and put them into boxes.第一組跟訓(xùn)練者說(shuō)，這組猴子精，第二組跟訓(xùn)練的說(shuō)，這組猴子傻，其實(shí)兩組猴子程度一樣。然后發(fā)現(xiàn)第一組猴子真比第二組學(xué)的好。原因是第一組訓(xùn)練者更用心更耐心，smile to the monkeys。
5 女的晚上要去concertsing了。統(tǒng)一要穿white shirts and black pants。她的一件white shirt吃面弄臟了，現(xiàn)在去買新的來(lái)不及了。還有一件不是純白的，不想穿，和別人有色差。男的說(shuō)去借別人的唄，女的說(shuō)想借室友的，但是室友聯(lián)系不上，不想不經(jīng)過(guò)人家同意就拿人家的衣服。
6 動(dòng)物position of eyes影響survival。
一種眼都長(zhǎng)前面，比如hawk的眼睛，用于捉mice?？礀|西很細(xì)，能看很小的，因?yàn)橛脗z眼。
一種眼長(zhǎng)兩邊，用于看predator。比如duck，吃草還能發(fā)現(xiàn)fox，因?yàn)閮蛇呇劬梢钥吹絠n all directions。
2009年08月29日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1、Describe your favorite subject when you were in primary school. Explain why youlike it. Include reasons and examples to support your response.
2、Some students prefer to attend smaller classes with small group discussions. Othersprefer to attend lager classes with lectures. Which do you prefer and why? Includedetails and examples in your explanation.
3、【公開(kāi)信】：大學(xué)校報(bào)上刊登了來(lái)自一個(gè)學(xué)生的公開(kāi)信。建議學(xué)校應(yīng)該sponsor a wilderness club，由學(xué)校fund租bus組織學(xué)生去郊游。
好處1、學(xué)校提供transport，方便學(xué)生外出郊游。
好處2、去野外看看natural scenery，能讓人fresh。郊游回來(lái)之后，解決schoolwork很efficient。
【學(xué)生議論】：男生同意此建議，認(rèn)為這個(gè)做法有positive impact。
理由1、學(xué)校給同學(xué)們提供bus，可方便那些住在center of the city、have notransports的students郊游。
理由2、studying in library很累。郊游有利于學(xué)生好好欣賞自然風(fēng)景、relax。郊游回來(lái)，更能focus on study。
4、【課文要點(diǎn)】：brood parasites（孵育寄生動(dòng)物）：animals that use a unconventionaltactic to let other animals hatch their offspring for them。
【教授舉例】：教授以cat fish 如何利用cichlid孵卵為例講解此定義。femalecichlid產(chǎn)卵eggs后，會(huì)把它的卵eggs gather，hide在mouth里protect，until theyare ready to hatch。femalecat fish：sneaker the female cichlid，等cichlid張嘴的時(shí)候，cat fish will quickly release their eggs into the water。female cichlid can not telldifferences between自己的卵和cat fish的卵。然后就把catfish的eggs gather到自己mouth里hatch了。Catfish就是這樣cat fish take advantages of cichlid to hatcheggs for them.
5、【學(xué)生困難】：男生邀請(qǐng)了一個(gè)的哲學(xué)教授下星期在學(xué)校的一個(gè)big hallgive a philosophy lecture。但他擔(dān)心對(duì)哲學(xué)感興趣的學(xué)生少、來(lái)聽(tīng)講座的人少，禮堂坐不滿empty。
【解決方案】：女生建議：
1）to spread mass e-mails to all students，let them know the topic。告訴大家這個(gè)講座的內(nèi)容是interesting、is relate to their present daily life的。但男生擔(dān)心這樣做也不能保證有人來(lái)聽(tīng)。
2）to change the format and the topic：move to a smaller room, and make it a smallgroup discussion for philosophy majors，教授可以和philosophy majors近距離進(jìn)行discussion。男生擔(dān)心topic just one week，換topic可能來(lái)不及了。描述男生的困難，女生的兩個(gè)建議，你的建議，為什么
6、【講課要點(diǎn)】：教授講the best body temperature is 36-37 degrees Celsius。Peopleuse two types of thermoregulations（體溫調(diào)節(jié)法）to maintain normal bodytemperature：
方法1：physiological regulation，比如：winter→feeling cold→muscle tissueshake→produce heat→heat the body→maintain bodytemperature。
方法2：behavior regulation，舉例：summer→when you stand under the sunshine andfeel hot→you will walk to shade/shadow of trees or put off some of your clothes toget cooled off. Chilly day→wear sweater.
2009年08月22日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1. spending time in 外國(guó)的優(yōu)勢(shì)。
2. 空閑時(shí)間的活動(dòng)喜歡一個(gè)人看書(shū),寫(xiě)作...還是喜歡share with other people3. 閱讀：校報(bào)的editor 要把one-page international section 取消，換成關(guān)于校園消息的版面。
聽(tīng)力：女的很贊同，因?yàn)閲?guó)際信息大家哪都能看著，而學(xué)校內(nèi)部信息只能從類似學(xué)生會(huì)一類的地方得到，并且時(shí)間久了就忘了，如果校報(bào)能多寫(xiě)些學(xué)校內(nèi)部信息，我們就能cut up 報(bào)紙然后保存以便日后查找。
4. 閱讀：給我們一個(gè)概念叫“reference groups”。說(shuō)人們的行為會(huì)被自己所admire的人影響。
聽(tīng)力：professor 給我們一個(gè)他自己的例子，他說(shuō)他剛上學(xué)的時(shí)候跟一群比自己大的學(xué)藝術(shù)的師兄師姐廝混在一起，他們喜歡穿的普通，像T-shirt, 牛仔什么的，他也就跟著這么穿。結(jié)果到了公司他發(fā)現(xiàn)和他一起的人都喜歡dress up，男的西裝女的也是漂亮衣服鞋子，時(shí)間長(zhǎng)了他也改變了習(xí)慣。
5. 公交車時(shí)刻表改變，如果下課后搭公交車上班會(huì)遲到；要提早去又不可能，因?yàn)樗坝谢瘜W(xué)課。
1） 跟老板討論后，老板建議他可以改到晚班，傍晚做到midnight，可是男生說(shuō)太累；
2）自己騎腳踏車，女生說(shuō)騎腳踏車不錯(cuò)，不過(guò)碰到壞天氣就很麻煩。
6. 植物獲得nutrition 的方法，除了從土壤取得外，還有carnivorous plant用的吃insect的方法，分為active、passive 兩種。active 是Venus flytrap﹙捕蠅草﹚，分泌sweat 的東西吸引昆蟲(chóng)，使其飛進(jìn)mouth，關(guān)起來(lái)并消化；passive 是sundew plant﹙毛氈苔﹚，special leaves 有很多l(xiāng)ittle hair， 分泌sticky glue 黏住蟲(chóng)，并消化。次重點(diǎn)機(jī)經(jīng)（10套）——日期按照推薦閱讀的順序排列
2009年11月07日 北美托福口語(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
Task 1
第一題：talk about something you wanted to do but never had time to do yet. Describe the details and explain the reason.
what do you want to do the most, but never have time to do?
Describe a thing that you always wanted to do but have not yet done it. Detail andexplanations.
Describe something you want to learn, but you do not have time to learnbefore.描述一個(gè)你一直想做卻沒(méi)做的事
Task 2
Do you prefer to do couples of small assignments or one or two big assignments.do you prefer to have several short assignments for a class or one or two longassignments?
Some students prefer short assignments, while others prefer longassignments, whichone do you prefer.
一門(mén)課程經(jīng)?？夹〉腶ssignment好,還是一學(xué)期考一二次大的考試好
分?jǐn)?shù)由很多很短的作業(yè)決定 還是很少很長(zhǎng)的作業(yè)（我咋覺(jué)得我說(shuō)的中文都這么詭異了
Task 3
The university decides to have music performance on every Friday night. And thewoman thinks that it is cool. First, she can perform on the performance.Second, shecan practice to be relax on a performance, e.x. talk to theaudience. Third,all theenrolled students may enjoy the performance for free.
3。 閱讀：關(guān)于學(xué)校的咖啡廳又一個(gè)新計(jì)劃：允許學(xué)生辦音樂(lè)會(huì)
聽(tīng)力：女學(xué)生說(shuō)太好了，第一，她是個(gè)音樂(lè)家，彈吉他又唱歌，這樣的話給像她這樣的學(xué)生提供了表演機(jī)會(huì)，練習(xí)在觀眾前放松表演，還有怎么用麥克風(fēng)什么的。第二，音樂(lè)會(huì)是免費(fèi)的，這樣的話好多學(xué)生可以不用擔(dān)心負(fù)擔(dān)不起。男聲基本上就隨聲附和...
學(xué)校的咖啡店要停掉，每周五晚舉辦musician performance, 正在搭建臺(tái)子，學(xué)生的表演和觀看積極性都很高。
聽(tīng)力女生喜歡這個(gè)新政策，說(shuō)什么像她和她兄弟這些人，這新政策提供了表演的機(jī)會(huì)，她喜歡在觀眾前說(shuō)話主持還是什么的。。。
第三題：學(xué)校要在咖啡屋建演唱的舞臺(tái)。女生覺(jué)得很好，1。可以讓自己學(xué)習(xí)如何在公眾面前表演，克服經(jīng)常，增長(zhǎng)經(jīng)驗(yàn) 2.給同學(xué)提供免費(fèi)欣賞音樂(lè)的地方，因?yàn)橥饷娴目Х任莩３Ｒ召M(fèi)
第三題 學(xué)校要建music club 說(shuō)下女生的觀點(diǎn)女生覺(jué)得好有可以唱歌練歌的地方man覺(jué)得貴
Coffee shop on campus plan to have live music performed by students on Friday nightstarted next month; the store manager believed that student will largely participate inboth performance and attendance for the concert. The female student would like toparticipate playing guitar and singing. This kindof live music in this area cost a lot;compared to that, the coffee shop provides affordable live music experience.閱讀 School is going to host music event at cafeteria (of coffee shop, not sure) onFriday evening. Student musician can come to perform at the event. Also there is nocharge for students to come to watch the music live show.
聽(tīng)力 the female student thinks it is a great idea. Because as a student musician, she isprovided with an opportunity to practice performing in front of the public. She willpractice how to be relaxed and how to talk to audience between each songs. The boyalso agrees with the school decision, because students who enjoy watch live shows areable to come to the performance for free. He also mentioned that other music liveshows hosted by bars/coffee shop outside of campus need to charge cover fees.Task 4
4。閱讀：behavior preference,就是說(shuō)很多情況下人們相信什么事，即使過(guò)后知道這是不對(duì)的，但是還會(huì)繼續(xù)做...
聽(tīng)力：教授以自己經(jīng)驗(yàn)告訴大家，小時(shí)候媽媽說(shuō)如果不穿暖和了就不讓出去...要不然會(huì)感冒，但是，長(zhǎng)大后才知道是感冒病毒引起感冒，并不是溫度，冬天感冒幾率反而小，雖然知道是錯(cuò)的，但是還是繼續(xù)執(zhí)行，而且還讓他的孩子冬天出去時(shí)也要穿得暖暖的。
第四題：閱讀：關(guān)于 brief preservation,聽(tīng)力：教授舉了自己小時(shí)候母親讓他穿厚夾克以防止感冒，等他長(zhǎng)大后發(fā)現(xiàn)感冒是由于接觸病毒引起的，冬天反而不容易感冒，但他依舊教育自己的孩子多穿厚夾克是為了預(yù)防感冒
Belief perseverance
有些人hold belief on available information, even though the information is false.閱讀舉例說(shuō)媽媽告訴小孩天冷穿夾克保暖可以防感冒，可是小孩長(zhǎng)大后知道感冒是因?yàn)椴《疽穑墒撬€是會(huì)對(duì)自己的孩子說(shuō)天冷穿夾克，如果孩子問(wèn)他為什么，他還是會(huì)說(shuō)可以防感冒。
Belief perseverance. Believe is based on available information; even the informationis proved to be wrong, people still hold the same belief. i.e. speaker was told by hismom that if he does not wear jacket, hat, and gloves in the winter and go outdoors, hewould catch the cold. When he grew up, he understand that winter is least possible tocatch cold because the cold virus, the reason for getting cold, is less in winter.However, he still told his son to wear jacket, hat, and gloves before going out of thehouse.
閱讀中是theory: once people hold on to what they believe, it is unlikely for them tochange the beliefs even when they acknowledge the fact which can prove there areflaws in their beliefs.
聽(tīng)力中的教授用個(gè)人經(jīng)歷來(lái)解釋理論：When he was young, he was told to keepwarm in winter because the cold weather will cause him get a cold. Later he
acknowledged that cold was caused by virus instead of cold wind, plus it is easier toget a cold in the fall not winter. However, he still believe there is necessary for him tokeep warm outdoors in the winter to keep away from catching a cold. He also tells hischildren to keep warm in the winter too.
Task 5
The woman has a problem that she planned to go to a ski class on Sunday night,buther cousin telephoned her to visit and to have a dinner together. The man's suggestion:1. ask her cousin if she can change her schedule; 2. (not sure) just attend a part of theski class.
女生想?yún)⒓觭ki ship但是她的親戚周六要來(lái)。男生建議她1.讓她的親戚改到周五來(lái)，但女生覺(jué)得這回讓親戚覺(jué)得不好2.讓女生周日再來(lái)參加ski ship，但女生認(rèn)為這會(huì)影響她返回的時(shí)間
男女生討論周末學(xué)校的ski trip,女生說(shuō)她很想去，但是cousin周六要來(lái)找她。男生給了兩了suggestions，第一，讓她cousin周五來(lái)，這樣的話周六日可以去ski；第二，讓女生只參加部分ski trip，周日自己開(kāi)到山上。（問(wèn)題問(wèn)你的建議，當(dāng)時(shí)徹底把自己的建議部分忘了...大家注意）
女生說(shuō)好像是周日還是周六有個(gè)trip，但是周末她的cousin要來(lái)和她一起吃飯，所以她在想如何可以既參加trip又能和兄弟姐妹一起吃飯。男生給意見(jiàn)，1可以讓她姐妹改時(shí)間來(lái)，2可以自己開(kāi)車（還是什么的，我實(shí)在沒(méi)聽(tīng)明白）改天去trip
第5題 關(guān)于weekend安排的 女的想去 但要陪她的cousin 在周六 因?yàn)楹镁脹](méi)見(jiàn)了。 男的給出主意 周六出去玩周日陪cousin
女生的problem: she plans to go to the ski trip organized by ski club for the entireweekend. However, her cousin will come to town the same weekendand plan to havedinner with her on Saturday evening. She does not want to miss either of it.
男生的兩個(gè)solution: 1) talk to the cousin directly to see if they can reschedule thedinner plan to Friday evening, then she can have dinner with the cousin on Fridayandgo skiing on both Sat and Sun. But the woman is worried to offend her cousin byrescheduling with her.
2) She can go to part of the trip. She can have diner with the cousin on Sat evening,and drive to the ski place on Sun. But the woman is concerned that she will not haveenough time to enjoy skiing with the club members.
Schedule conflicts. ski trip of this weekend, however, her cousin is coming for aconference in town and would like to have dinner with her on Saturday night.Solution 1. Ask the cousin to come on Friday night instead; therefore, she can still gofor the trip from Saturday to Sunday.
Solution 2. Have dinner with her cousin on Saturday, and join the trip on Sunday for acouple hours.
Task 6
Human’s activities threaten the marine environment. 2. The trees which may hold theshadow are cutting down by people, and the sunshine makes the sea lack of oxygen,so it increases the temperature which makes fishes die.
關(guān)于人類行為如何影響native fish。第一，人類為了船運(yùn)，連接了好多湖和海，引進(jìn)了新魚(yú)群，或大型的海魚(yú)，有的會(huì)變成native fish的praditor，降低得nativefish的數(shù)量；第二，改變了湖的溫度。人類為了造房伐樹(shù)，但是本來(lái)樹(shù)是可以遮陽(yáng)，從而降低湖水溫度的，低溫的湖水會(huì)帶來(lái)更多的氧氣，但是現(xiàn)在氧氣減少了，native fish就會(huì)窒息而死。說(shuō)什么捕魚(yú)影響還是污染eco-system，要不就是人類活動(dòng)影響捕魚(yú)業(yè)（貌似是后者）海里的船到了河里就能捕魚(yú)
什么溫度變了，好像魚(yú)死了
關(guān)于人類影響魚(yú)群種類的原因1。引來(lái)海里的魚(yú)吃湖里的魚(yú)2?？车艉舆叺臉?shù)使水的溫度提高，氧氣含量降低，導(dǎo)致魚(yú)的死亡
Fresh water ecological system has been changed due to human activities, which endanger the native fish species by two ways:
1) To introduce the new species from the ocean to the fresh water system by buildingcanals connecting the ocean and the lake. Then the new species may eat the nativefish and risk in the size of the native fish.
2) To change the environment of the fresh water ecological system which the nativefish need to survive. For example, when the trees around the lake are cut off, there isno more shade covered the water. Then the water will lack in oxygen which the fishneed due to the raise of the temperature.
freshwater ecosystem; 2 ways that human being cause the death of native fish; a.is bybuilding canal, results in the coming of new fish species, who are predators of nativefish. b. by cutting trees, left nothing to block the sunshine, increase the watertemperature, less oxygen, death of fish.
2009年08月07日 北美托福口語(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1 描述一件你感興趣的歷史事件
2 dress show 是否體現(xiàn)personality
3學(xué)校implement standard， wide- to all class。男生認(rèn)為沒(méi)有必要
4 閱讀材料：當(dāng)學(xué)生沒(méi)有能力完成任務(wù)時(shí)，老師要給出clue 和hint 幫助學(xué)生，叫facilities。聽(tīng)力：教授舉了一個(gè)例子，說(shuō)一個(gè)女學(xué)生在圖書(shū)館找書(shū)，給了orderlist…5mins后女生找到了書(shū).
5 男生 last semester 修organic class 和chemical class 怎么辦? 男生考慮要不要drop chemical class 女生建議。。。
6講syes 有兩中tears保護(hù)，basal tears能產(chǎn)生化學(xué)物質(zhì)fightbacteria; aflex(拼錯(cuò)了，電腦屏幕會(huì)給出)tears wash 顆粒
2010年01月22日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1說(shuō)說(shuō)你喜歡到哪shopping？（好像還有clothes）
2你是否覺(jué)得it is important to study the history from ancestors.
3 reading:學(xué)校禁止在草地上運(yùn)動(dòng)。男學(xué)生支持，因?yàn)椴莸囟急黄茐牧?，和以前已?jīng)很不一樣了，而且做運(yùn)動(dòng)帶來(lái)了很大的噪音，影響在這附近上課的學(xué)生。問(wèn)男學(xué)生的觀點(diǎn)。
4 Reading: about overconfidence effect. 聽(tīng)力中教授舉了他兒子的例子他兒子畢業(yè)后想到一家報(bào)社工作，很多人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，他覺(jué)得他能被選上，所以學(xué)習(xí)很努力，但是后落選了，不過(guò)他的努力終還是得到了回報(bào)，他取得了很好的成績(jī)，而且找到了其他工作。問(wèn)題是教授的例子。
5女學(xué)生有一個(gè)painting 的作業(yè)讓畫(huà)一個(gè)人的face，本來(lái)她室友答應(yīng)做她的model，可是突然說(shuō)有事不行了，她說(shuō)如果ask for extra week to accomplish it, 但是下周有考試，男學(xué)生說(shuō)可以讓其他人做Model。但是女學(xué)生說(shuō)這周末是parentsday，不知道其他人有沒(méi)有時(shí)間。問(wèn)solution和你的看法。
6關(guān)于兩個(gè)方法防止soil erosion的，第一個(gè)在不同的行種不同的植物。第二個(gè)好像是減少下雨時(shí)雨水對(duì)表層土壤的沖刷。
2009年09月12日 托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1那個(gè)變動(dòng)對(duì)你國(guó)家影響大：computer，TV，airplane
2小孩在大城市生活好還是鄉(xiāng)村
3 學(xué)校要把theater play挪到down town去，因?yàn)槟睦锏膖heater大些，可以容納更多人，且設(shè)備先進(jìn)。但有點(diǎn)遠(yuǎn)，要20分鐘bus or car。男生不同意，1）那個(gè)地方太不方便，沒(méi)學(xué)生愿意去，哪有人?。?）設(shè)備雖然先進(jìn)，學(xué)生不是professional，不會(huì)用，所以light and sound may be not as good as before。4 games與小孩的social behavior有聯(lián)系。Association stage：3－4歲小孩，雖然他們group together但work on individual 比如搭block的時(shí)候，一堆小孩在一起，但搭的是不同的東西，有人搭car，有人搭airplane。Cooperation stage：4－5歲小孩，他們group together也work together。比如搭block一起搭house，會(huì)一起discuss，要多少房間？什么樣的roof？
5 女生剛被選了進(jìn)女籃隊(duì)，她爭(zhēng)取了好久。但是她這學(xué)期選了6門(mén)課，她有點(diǎn)顧不過(guò)來(lái)了。2個(gè)choice（注意不全是男生提）的：quit basketball team or quit onecourse。
6 一個(gè)概念，老building可以修改賦予新的用途?？梢员Ａ裟切┯杏玫膄eature。Speaker建一個(gè)concert hall，用個(gè)老的巧克力工廠。外部除去了什么東西（沒(méi)聽(tīng)清楚）保留了block和window，內(nèi)部，這個(gè)工廠夠大，有地方放很多seats，且頂夠高，有利于聲音表現(xiàn)，窗戶也保證人們?cè)诼?tīng)music時(shí)候能看到外面的景色。
2009年10月10日托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1.描述一下你的MODEL人物
2.小孩應(yīng)不應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)draw or paint
3.關(guān)于學(xué)校stop serving junk food in dining hall，男生不同意。
一：這是沒(méi)有必要的。學(xué)生已經(jīng)很健康了，學(xué)習(xí)完以后吃點(diǎn)零食是挺好的，尤其是finishing paper以后，女生說(shuō)對(duì)啊，比如icecream什么的
二：就算我們不在學(xué)校買也會(huì)到校外的store去買，而且更貴，根本就不省錢(qián)4.動(dòng)物的利他主義：benefic other animals， but reduce the chance of survival。一種生活在加州的動(dòng)物松鼠，它的主要敵人是mountain lion.尤其是吃母的。當(dāng)她發(fā)現(xiàn)有危險(xiǎn)？時(shí)候會(huì)發(fā)生一種高pitch的calling來(lái)警告同伴趕緊逃跑，但是他的calling會(huì)引來(lái)lion，因此自己很可能被吃掉，她犧牲了自己逃走的機(jī)會(huì)，但是給同伴留了生路，尤其是family member 在附近的時(shí)候
5.男生要搬新apartment，但是那里面已經(jīng)有家具了，他的家具沒(méi)有地方放。他只租這個(gè)apartment一年
女生：一，把家具store起來(lái)，但是store也有費(fèi)用
二。selling。還可以得前，但是他明年搬家了還要用家具
6.business network： a group of people join in one group, they meet and built uprelationship, friendship,they can benefit from each other's expertise, which meansshare each other's skill.
這有兩個(gè)有點(diǎn)，一，在一個(gè)group里的人互相benefit。比如，一個(gè)restaurant owner，她要找人
manager financial，然后她再business network里認(rèn)識(shí)了一個(gè)account,并且trust她，她就可以直接雇傭那個(gè)朋友。
二：可以recommended 自己的圈外朋友。例子還是restaurant owner，他認(rèn)識(shí)其他的 owner也想找account，這個(gè)時(shí)候她就可以介紹account過(guò)去。
2009年11月20日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
第一題 你想要學(xué)習(xí)那個(gè)國(guó)家或者文化
第二題 do u agree or disagree that electronic material will replace printed material?第三題 是學(xué)校建一個(gè)lounge for commuter 女生完全同意,2 個(gè)原因：
1、可以一起學(xué)習(xí)
2、可以share information,比如拼車錢(qián)
第四題 agonistic behavior
Lecture 舉例說(shuō)：snacks這種動(dòng)物，兩只碰到了一個(gè)洞穴，然后搶食物，開(kāi)打，不過(guò)不真正傷害對(duì)方，然后終于有一方勝利了。可是贏家(on the top…)有機(jī)會(huì)beat輸家的，但贏家只是release 輸家讓它走，然后自己進(jìn)洞。
第五題
女生theater class 有free trip，今晚組織去看play for free并且要寫(xiě)paper，可是明天要?dú)v史考試，今晚應(yīng)該復(fù)習(xí)
男生建議：你可以看play，回來(lái)再?gòu)?fù)習(xí)。女生否定，說(shuō)：那就太晚了。女生建議：我可以來(lái)回路上看書(shū)。男生鄙視地說(shuō)：condition不好。女生說(shuō)，是呀環(huán)境不好。然后女生也可以今天復(fù)習(xí)，過(guò)兩天去看play，因?yàn)閜lay的日期還有幾天，不過(guò)那樣就要自己付錢(qián)
第六題
一個(gè)好的銷售員要能說(shuō)服有顧慮的顧客購(gòu)買商品
兩個(gè)策略
第一是提出商品的特殊優(yōu)勢(shì) weigh 掉顧慮，例子在electrical store 里，一個(gè)顧客要laptop 但是顧慮是太貴了 銷售員就要說(shuō)我們電腦很fast, efficient，這樣way-outconsumers' concern
第二是當(dāng)場(chǎng)演示，顧客說(shuō)這laptop 不好攜帶，銷售員就要當(dāng)場(chǎng)演示 how easy itcan transport 就是直接打消顧客顧慮了
2010年02月13日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1，在學(xué)校里喜歡什么活動(dòng)
2，藝術(shù)家要天分嗎？
3,一個(gè)學(xué)生給的提議，說(shuō)學(xué)校地上垃圾多，張貼畫(huà)也臟，多。提議學(xué)生組成 volunteer,分組拾垃圾。聽(tīng)力中兩個(gè)學(xué)生討論，一個(gè)女生就不同意，她說(shuō)：臟要看情況，我們學(xué)校這么大，人這么多。剛掃干凈，又會(huì)有垃圾，張貼畫(huà)，你撕了人家再貼，也是一樣的，而且學(xué)生到學(xué)校是學(xué)習(xí)的，不是做志愿者的。真要干凈校園，學(xué)校要雇人，花錢(qián)叫專人來(lái)干。
4,兩個(gè)學(xué)生聊天，一個(gè)說(shuō)倒霉，今早太匆忙，把資料給打印重疊了（反正出問(wèn)題了）都不知道。女的說(shuō)，不急，你再去打。男（jim）的說(shuō)，我得換一臺(tái)新電腦設(shè)施去打。但是馬上要上課了，我得和教授解釋去。
5,鳥(niǎo)窩的兩種搭建方式，一個(gè)把巢建的高高的，藏起來(lái)。另一種讓母的在家看小鳥(niǎo)，公的去找食物什么沒(méi)太清楚。
2010年02月27日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1描述一個(gè)你已經(jīng)會(huì)的技能但還需要提高，用什么方法提高
2同意不同意廣告對(duì)人們的有影響
3一個(gè)學(xué)生鑰匙拉在宿舍，他的歷史課的paper也在房間，歷史課還有兩個(gè)小時(shí)開(kāi)始，他自己提出兩個(gè)方法，一個(gè)找教授談?wù)?，女的說(shuō)也許教授能理解，但男的上次的paper也推遲交，這次又推遲，會(huì)讓老師覺(jué)得他不是個(gè)責(zé)任感強(qiáng)的人，另外一個(gè)方法找管理員開(kāi)門(mén)，時(shí)間還充裕但是得花錢(qián)。
4閱讀說(shuō)學(xué)校對(duì)theatre專業(yè)的有新要求take a trip off campus，看專業(yè)的product，要花35元。女的問(wèn)男的態(tài)度，男的很歡迎，說(shuō)對(duì)理解有幫助，花錢(qián)也不多，花3次的錢(qián)可以看免費(fèi)的。
5文章講一個(gè)概念impact of bias， 第一會(huì)影響人的決定，另外如果發(fā)生其他不同的事件會(huì)讓人recovery，聽(tīng)力以他女兒為例是高中學(xué)生，因?yàn)樗芏嗤瑢W(xué)在一個(gè)學(xué)校，聽(tīng)說(shuō)那個(gè)學(xué)校教育好，她就很想去，但后沒(méi)去成，她很難過(guò)，但當(dāng)她度了一個(gè)summer vacation，她又不難過(guò)，決定去另外一個(gè)學(xué)校。
6 講陸地生物怎么對(duì)付水下缺氧的辦法，一個(gè)是降低body function，降低心率減少需氧量，提到一個(gè)動(dòng)物為例，忘了，另外一個(gè)辦法是減少呆在水下的時(shí)間，一種鳥(niǎo)盤(pán)旋在水上，看見(jiàn)魚(yú)后迅速潛入水中，身上的皮膚好像有一個(gè)功能阻止離地太遠(yuǎn)。
2010年03月06日 北美托?？谡Z(yǔ)機(jī)經(jīng)
1，你的朋友想在課上提高成績(jī)，你有何建議能夠幫助她。
2，你是愿意買書(shū)還是愿意去圖書(shū)館借書(shū)或去店里租書(shū)。
3，有一個(gè)建議說(shuō)要給化學(xué)系的學(xué)生獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，一個(gè)男生反對(duì)。他覺(jué)得有證書(shū)就足夠了，其次錢(qián)可以用在別的地方，如買新的實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備等
4，講公眾效應(yīng)，一個(gè)人如果犯錯(cuò)誤了，你只對(duì)她自己說(shuō)是沒(méi)有用的，你要找做得比她好的人當(dāng)眾表?yè)P(yáng)，這樣會(huì)引起他的注意反而能改進(jìn)他的行為。舉了一個(gè)小孩玩積木的例子。
5，女生的問(wèn)題是不知道現(xiàn)在交作業(yè)好還是明天交好，現(xiàn)在交可以解脫了，并且還可以和朋友們?nèi)ネ妗Ｃ魈旖锌梢栽俑母?，?zhēng)取好成績(jī)。
6，動(dòng)物怎樣消化草，有兩種一種是機(jī)械方法如兔子有大板牙幫助切碎食物，另一種是化學(xué)方法如牛有多個(gè)胃可以促進(jìn)消化。
總的來(lái)說(shuō)3月12日托?？谡Z(yǔ)預(yù)測(cè)還是比較正常的！全新出現(xiàn)的比例仍然很少！絕大部分的考試都是以兩舊兩新為主！所以，2011年托福預(yù)測(cè)可以參照2009和2010年托福機(jī)經(jīng)，恭?？加褌兛荚図樌?！