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        常用臨床醫(yī)學(xué)英語術(shù)語

        字號:

        diseases 疾病
            acute diseases 急性病
            advanced diseases 病沉重期,晚期疾病
            chronic diseases慢性病
            communicable diseases 傳染病
            complicating diseases 并發(fā)病
            congenital diseases 先天性疾病
            acquired diseases 后天性疾病
            contagious diseases接觸性傳染病
            endemic diseases 地方病
            epidemic diseases 流行病
            functional diseases 機能病、官能病
            infectious diseases 傳染病
            inherited diseases 遺傳病
            malignant diseases惡性病
            nutritional diseases 營養(yǎng)病
            occupation diseases 職業(yè)病
            organic diseases 器質(zhì)性病
            paroxysmal diseases 陣發(fā)性病
            periodical diseases 周期病
            primary(principal)diseases原發(fā)(主導(dǎo))病
            secondary diseases 繼發(fā)病
            sexual(venereal, social)diseases 性病
            terminal diseases 絕癥
            wasting diseases 消耗性疾病chief complaint 主訴
            clinical manifestation 臨床表現(xiàn)
            delivery history 分娩史
            etiology病因?qū)W
            family history 家族史
            history, medical history 病史
            precipitating(induced)誘因
            marital status婚姻狀況
            menstrual history 月經(jīng)史
            menarche 初潮
            menopause閉經(jīng)
            past history既往史
            pathogenesis 發(fā)病機制
            personal history 個人史symptoms 癥狀
            cardinal symptom 主要癥狀
            classical symptom 典型癥狀
            concomitant symptom 伴發(fā)癥狀
            constitutional(systemic) symptom 全身癥狀
            indirect symptom 間接癥狀
            induced symptom 誘發(fā)癥狀
            local symptom 局部癥狀
            mental symptom精神癥狀
            symptom-complex (syndrome)symptom 綜合癥,癥候群
            signs體征
            antecedent 前驅(qū)征
            assident (accessory) 副征
            commemorative 后遺癥
            sign of death 死征
            diagnostic診斷征
            sign of disease 病征
            subjective 自覺征,主觀征
            vein sign靜脈征vital sign 生命體征
            body length (height of the body) 身高
            body weight 體重
            barrel chest 桶狀胸
            cachexia 惡病質(zhì)
            compulsive position 被動體位
            critical facies 病危面容
            emaciation 消瘦
            enophthalmos 眼球下陷
            entropion 瞼內(nèi)翻
            exophthalmos 眼球突出
            flushed face 面色潮紅
            gain (loss) in weight 增加(減輕)體重
            lock-jaw 牙關(guān)緊閉
            lordosis 脊柱前凸 醫(yī).學(xué)教育網(wǎng)整理
            nasal ala flap 鼻翼扇動
            nystagmus 眼震
            obesity 肥胖
            pallor 蒼白
            scolisis 脊柱側(cè)凸
            agitation 焦急不安
            debility, weakness 虛弱
            diaphoresis 出汗,大量出汗
            dizziness, vertigo 眩暈
            lassitude, fatigue 無力,倦怠
            malaise 不適
            night sweat 盜汗
            numbness 麻木
            rigor, chill 寒冷,發(fā)冷
            perspiration, sweating 出汗
            pruritus, itching 癢,
            somasthenia 軀體無力
            tingling 麻刺感abscess 膿腫
            acidosis 酸中毒
            adhesion 粘連
            alkalosis 堿中毒
            allergy 過敏
            coagulation defect 凝血不良
            congestion 充血
            dehydration 脫水
            distention 膨脹
            edema 水腫
            embolism 栓塞,栓塞形成
            fluid and electrolyte imbalance 水電解質(zhì)紊亂
            gangrene 壞疽
            hematoma 血腫
            hemorrhage, bleeding 出血
            infarction 梗塞,梗死
            infection 傳染
            inflammation 炎癥
            ketoacidosis 酮酸中毒
            metastasis 轉(zhuǎn)移
            perforation 穿孔
            necrosis 壞死
            shock 休克
            response 反應(yīng),應(yīng)答
            reaction 反應(yīng),感應(yīng)
            thrombosis 血栓形成
            ulceration 潰瘍fever, pyrexia 發(fā)燒,發(fā)熱
            continuous fever 稽留熱
            intermittent fever 間歇熱
            low-grade fever 低熱
            remittent fever 馳張熱
            relapsing fever 回歸熱pain 痛
            burning pain 灼痛
            chest(flank,…) pain 胸(脅腹…)痛
            cramp-like pain 痙攣性痛
            dull, diffused pain 彌漫性鈍痛
            pleuritic pain 胸膜炎性痛
            radiating pain (pain radiating to…) 放射性痛(放射到…疼痛)angina 絞痛
            cardiac angina 心絞痛
            backache 背痛
            colic 絞痛,急腹痛
            earache 耳痛
            headache 頭痛
            neuralgia 神經(jīng)痛
            migraine 偏頭痛
            rebound tenderness 反跳痛
            somatalgia 軀體痛
            sore throat 咽喉痛
            stomachache 胃痛
            toothache 牙痛
            bloody sputum 帶血的痰
            cough 咳嗽
            dry cough 干咳
            expectoration 咳痰
            expectoration of blood 咳血
            hemoptysis 咳血anoxia 缺氧
            apnea 呼吸暫停,窒息
            asthma 氣喘,哮喘
            Cheyne Stokes respiration 切-斯氏呼吸,潮式呼吸
            dyspnea 呼吸困難
            hyperpnea hyperventilation 過度呼吸,換氣過度
            hypopnea 呼吸不全, 呼吸淺表
            hypoxia 低氧,缺氧
            orthopnea 端坐呼吸
            respiratory arrest 呼吸停止
            suffocation 窒息
            tachypnea 呼吸急促
            fetid breath 口臭
            fruity breath 呼吸有水果味arrhythmia 心律失常,心律不齊
            atelectasis 肺不張,肺膨脹不全
            cardiac arrest 心搏驟停
            cardiac hypertrophy 心臟肥大
            cyanosis 發(fā)紺,青紫
            distension of jugular vein 頸靜脈怒張
            extrasystole 期外收縮
            gallop rhythm 奔馬律
            hemopleura 血胸
            hepatojugular reflux 肝頸靜脈回流
            hypovolemia (循環(huán))血容量減少
            palpitation 心悸
            tachycardia 心動過速
            pneumothorax 氣胸
            thrill 震顫
            absent breath sounds 呼吸音消失
            dull sound 濁音
            hyperresonant 鼓音
            rale 啰音
            rhonchus, rhonchi 鼾音,干啰音
            wheeze 哮鳴音anorexia, loss of appetite 食欲不振,厭食
            dysphagia 吞咽困難
            eructation 噯氣
            belching 噯氣
            flatulence 氣脹
            flatus 腸胃氣,*
            gaseous distention 胃脹氣
            hematemesis 嘔血
            hiccough, hiccup 打呃,呃逆
            nausea 惡心
            pyrosis 胃灼熱
            regurgitation 反胃,回流
            thirsty 口渴
            vomiting 嘔吐
            anal fissure, crack in the anal canal 肛裂
            ascites 腹水
            board-like rigidity of the abdomen 板狀腹
            decreased tactile fremitus 觸覺性震顫減弱
            exophageal varices 食管靜脈曲張
            fistula 瘺,瘺管
            hemorrhoid 痔
            hernia 疝
            hepatomegaly 肝腫大
            intussusception 腸套疊
            jaundice 黃疸
            muscle guarding, defence of the abdominal wall 腹壁肌衛(wèi)
            peristalsis 蠕動
            loss of peristalsis 蠕動消失
            mass peristalsis 總?cè)鋭?BR>    retrograde (reversed) peristalsis 逆蠕動
            prolapse 脫垂
            prolapse of anus 脫肛
            rectal prolapse 直腸脫垂,脫肛
            volvulus 腸扭轉(zhuǎn)calculus 結(jié)石, 石
            biliary calculus 膽結(jié)石
            vesical calculus 膀胱結(jié)石constipation 便秘
            defecation 排便
            diarrhea 腹瀉
            incontinence of feces 大便失禁
            hematochezia 便血
            fecal impaction 大便嵌塞
            occult blood 潛血
            painful straining with defecation 排便痛性牽動
            clay colored stools 陶土色便
            dark, granular/coffee ground emesis 咖啡樣嘔吐物
            fecal vomiting, stercoraceous vomiting 嘔糞,吐糞
            foul fatty stools, steatorrhea 惡臭脂肪便,脂肪痢
            scanty and hard stools 便少而硬
            tarry (black) stools 柏油樣便anuria 無尿
            burning sensation no urination 排尿時的灼燒感
            dysurea 排尿困難,尿痛
            enuresis, bed wetting 遺尿
            frequency of urination 尿頻
            micturation 排尿
            uresis, urination, voiding 排尿
            nocturia 夜尿
            oliguria 少尿
            polyuria 多尿
            tenesmus 里急后重
            vesical tenesmus 排尿時里急后重
            uremia coma 尿毒癥昏迷
            urgency of urination 尿急
            urinary incontinence 尿失禁aciduria 酸尿
            chyluria 乳糜尿
            cylindruia 管型尿
            glycosuria 糖尿
            hematuria 血尿
            ketonuria 酮尿
            pneumatinuria 氣尿
            proteinuria 蛋白尿
            pyuria 膿尿amenorrhea 經(jīng)閉,無月經(jīng)
            dysmenorrhea 痛經(jīng)
            menorrhagia 月經(jīng)過多
            lochia 惡露
            menorrhea 行經(jīng),月經(jīng)過多
            menstruation 月經(jīng)
            uterine contraction 子宮收縮blotch 斑點
            bruise 挫傷,青腫
            acne 痤瘡,粉刺
            desquamation 脫皮,脫屑
            ecchymosis 瘀斑
            loss of skin turgor 失去皮膚充盈
            nevus 痣
            papule 丘疹
            petechia 瘀點,瘀斑
            pigmentation 色素沉著
            pustule 膿皰
            purpura 紫癲
            red nodule 紅結(jié)節(jié)
            roseola 玫瑰疹
            scar 傷疤
            senile plaque 老人斑
            spider anaioma 蛛形痣
            subcutaneous nodule 皮下結(jié)節(jié)
            urticaria 蕁麻疹
            vesicle 小水皰
            vitiligo 白斑blindness 失明
            blurred vision, visual disturbance 視力模糊
            impaired vision 視力下降
            lacrimation 流淚
            papilledema 視神經(jīng)*水腫
            photophobia 畏光,羞明
            retinal detachment 視網(wǎng)膜脫離deafness 聾
            hearing loss 聽力喪失
            tinnitus 耳鳴
            epistaxis, nasal bleeding 鼻出血
            impaired smelling 嗅覺障礙
            nasal discharge 鼻涕
            nasal obstruction 鼻塞
            sneeze 噴嚏
            snore 打鼾
            aphonia, loss of voice 失音癥
            hoarseness 嘶啞
            gum bleeding 齒齦出血
            herpes labialis 唇皰疹,感冒瘡
            Koplik‘s spots 科普利克斑
            lead line of the gum 齦鉛線
            salivation, drooling 流口水
            straw-berry tongue 草莓舌
            tremulous tongue 舌震顫atrophy 萎縮
            contracture 攣縮
            deformity 畸形,變形
            dislocation 脫位
            fracture 骨折
            closed (simple)fracture 無創(chuàng)骨折,單純性骨折
            comminuted fracture 粉碎性骨折
            compound fracture 哆開(開放性)骨折
            knock-knee 膝外翻
            opisthotonos 角弓反張
            prosthesis 假體
            spasm 痙攣
            tetany (?。娭?,手足抽搦
            wrist drop 腕下垂aphasia 失語
            ataxia 共濟失調(diào)
            coma 昏迷
            consciousness 知覺,意識
            convulsion 抽搐,驚厥
            delirium 譫妄
            delusion 妄想
            faint 昏厥
            hallucination 幻覺
            hemiplegia 偏癱
            increased intracranial pressure 顱內(nèi)壓增高
            insanity 精神錯亂
            loss of orientation 定向喪失
            mania 躁狂
            memory defects, amnesia 記憶缺損,遺忘癥
            paraplegia 截癱,下身麻痹
            projectile vomiting 噴射性嘔吐
            somnolence, (lethargy) 昏睡,嗜睡
            stupor 木僵,昏呆
            tetraplegia 四肢癱瘓
            unconsciousness 失去知覺
            yawning 打哈欠crisis 危象
            cerebral (febrile, hematic, hemolytic,hypertensive, thyrotoxic, ……) crisis
            腦(熱、血性、溶血、高血壓、甲狀腺中毒…)危象
            failure 衰竭,故障
            central (circulatory, cardiac, myocardiac, peripheral, congestive, renal, respiratory) failure
            中樞(循環(huán)、心力、心肌、周圍循環(huán)、充血性、腎、呼吸…)衰竭diagnosis診斷
            auscultation 聽診
            inspection 視診
            palpation觸診
            percussion 叩診
            laboratory examination 實驗室檢查
            physical examination 體格檢查
            rectal (vaginal) touch 直腸(陰道)指診
            impression 印象
            tentative diagnosis 暫定診斷
            differential diagnosis 鑒別診斷
            final diagnosis 最后診斷
            prognosis 預(yù)后
            prescription 處方
            incubation (latent) period 潛伏期
            prodromal stage 前驅(qū)期
            incipient stage 初期
            quiescent stage 靜止期
            alleviation 減輕,緩和
            remission 緩解
            attack 發(fā)作
            convalescence (recovery) stage 恢復(fù)期
            rehabilitation 康復(fù)
            relapse 復(fù)發(fā)
            sudden death 猝死
            moribund 瀕死的
            course of the disease 病程
            course of the treatment 療程
            indication 適應(yīng)癥,指征
            complication 并發(fā)癥
            contraindication 禁忌癥
            side-effect 副作用
            sequel (sequela), after effect 后遺癥
            therapies 治療方法
            acupuncture therapy 針刺療法
            block therapy 封閉療法
            chemical therpy (chemo-therapy) 化學(xué)療法
            combined therapy 綜合療法
            conservative therapy 保守療法
            constitutional therapy 全身療法
            dietetic therapy 飲食療法
            operative treatment 手術(shù)療法
            palliative treatment, alleviative treatment 姑息療法
            physical therapy 物理療法
            psychotherapy 精神療法
            radical treatment 根治
            radio-therapy 放射性療法
            supporting treatment 支持療法
            symptomatic treatment對癥療法
            cardiac massage 心臟按摩
            cardiac pacing 心臟起博
            electrotherapy 電療法
            electroshock treatment 電休克療法
            hemodialysis 血液透析
            hyperbaric therapy 高壓氧療法
            insulin-shock treatment 胰島素休克療法
            light therapy 光療法
            therapeutic gymnastics 醫(yī)療體育