我們曾談到不可數名詞是沒有復數形式的,但是常常有人不小心,在某些不可數名詞上加“-s”而犯錯,其中“ experience, equipment, evidence, information”這幾個的錯誤最多。
下面一家裝修商廣告中的“experiences”(經驗)便是一例:
“……our many years of reputable experiences.”
須知,當“經驗”解時,“experience”是不可數名詞,不可以有“-s”:“……our many years of reputable experience(許多年聲譽卓著的裝修經驗)”。當“各種各樣不同經歷”解時,“ experience”是可數名詞,可以有復數“-s”的符號,如:
“Tom could not forget his thrilling experiences in his first trip to Guilin.”
類似的錯誤如:
1. A lot of factors led to students' poor performances. (應為 performance)
2. Only people of irreproachable characters can aspire to be good leaders.(應為 character)
3. More and more institutions resort to advanced equipments to assist in the education process.(應為 equipment)
4. Without such knowledges, one would not be able to understand what was seen or heard. (應為 knowledge)
5. There is still much room for further improvements.(應為 improvement)
上述這些不可數名詞的錯誤,是不是很熟悉呢?
剛剛談的錯誤是不可有“-s”而用“-s”。另一種錯誤是應該有 “-s”而不用“-s”。雖然后者不像前者這樣麻煩,但是也不難看到。下面三個不同的廣告中便出現了應該有“-s”但漏了“-s”的名詞:
6.“We are looking for suitable candidate to take up the following positions.”(應為 candidates)。
7.“Dear customer: Have you been misled by too many brochure?”(應為 brochures)。
8.“We specialise in rubber tile for factory, office, warehouse, etc.”(應為 rubber tiles, factories, offices, warehouses)
6—8里的錯誤顯而易見,只要稍微小心,便不難發(fā)現而改正過來。但是,有關不可數名詞加“-s”的錯誤,則較難躲閃,必須加倍警惕才好。其中一個防患辦法是借重量詞,反映不可數名詞之“量” ,但不改變其形,即不要用“-s”,如:
9. There isn't much petroleum in the car.
10. John gave some evidence to indicate that the documents had been tampered with.
11. A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.
12. A lot of money has been donated to various charity organisations.
13. Some people today paid little attention to their extravagant acts.