★英語(yǔ)資源頻道為大家整理的china daily 雙語(yǔ)新聞：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)誕生25周年，供大家參考。更多閱讀請(qǐng)查看本站英語(yǔ)資源頻道。
As the Internet celebrates its 25th anniversary, a group of experts is trying to imagine how technology will influence our lives 10 years down the road.
在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)誕生25周年之際，一組專家試圖想象科技如何影響我們今后十年的生活。
The report, which was done by the Pew Research Center and Elon University’s Imagining the Internet Center, combines the “imaginings” of some 1,500 experts.
由皮尤研究中心(the Pew Research Center)和伊隆大學(xué)(Elon University)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)創(chuàng)想中心(Imagining the Internet Center)共同完成的這項(xiàng)報(bào)告匯集了大約1500名專家的“想象”。
“It is striking how much consensus there is among these experts on what will change, and equally striking how varied their answers are when they are asked how those changes will impact and influence users in good and bad ways,” said Elon University Professor Janna Anderson, a primary author of the report.
報(bào)告的主要執(zhí)筆人、伊隆大學(xué)教授喬安娜·安德森說：“令人印象深刻的是，專家們?cè)诨ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)今后有哪些變化問題上的觀點(diǎn)竟然如此的一致。而當(dāng)他們被問到這些變化對(duì)用戶有什么好的和壞的影響時(shí)，他們的答案又是如此多樣，這同樣令人印象深刻。”
One recurring theme among the experts was the notion that the Internet may become less visible in daily life, becoming, instead, “l(fā)ike electricity.”
專家們反復(fù)提到的一個(gè)主題是，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在日常生活中可能變得既不那么顯眼，又缺其不可，就“和電一樣”。
This, the report said, could “produce vastly greater human and machine connectivity that will change everything from personal interactions to the decisions made by governments around the world.”
報(bào)告認(rèn)為，這可能會(huì)“極大地增加人類與機(jī)器的連接，由此將改變一切，包括人與人之間的互動(dòng)和世界各國(guó)政府的決策。”
Many of the predictions foreshadow positive developments, but there are certainly some concerns, according to the experts.
許多的預(yù)測(cè)都反應(yīng)了積極的展望，不過專家們認(rèn)為，當(dāng)然也存在某些擔(dān)心。
Pew and Elon have been doing similar surveys since 2004, and Anderson said it was interesting to see how excitement over technology has become tempered over that time.
2004年以來，皮尤研究中心和伊隆大學(xué)一直在做類似的問卷調(diào)查。安德森說，有趣的是，人們看到，隨著時(shí)間的推移，科技帶來的興奮感有所降溫。
She said in 2004, most experts talked about how technological advancement was going to be great.
她說，在2004年，多數(shù)專家談?wù)摰氖羌夹g(shù)進(jìn)步將會(huì)如何的了不起。
“We hear enthusiasm now, but also more about the negative, more so than ever before,” she said. “People are starting to realize that the power of communication can be used by anyone, good or bad.”
“現(xiàn)在我們還能聽到這種激情，”安德森說，“但負(fù)面觀點(diǎn)之多，超過了以往。人們開始意識(shí)到，信息交流可以被任何人利用，包括好人，也包括壞人?！?BR> On the hopeful side, the increasing reach of the Internet will enhance global connectivity, which could foster “more positive relationships among societies,” according to the report.
從積極面看，報(bào)告認(rèn)為，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)涉及范圍的日益擴(kuò)大將加強(qiáng)全球的聯(lián)系，這種趨勢(shì)可能促進(jìn)“社群之間更加積極的關(guān)系?！盩he report also said the so-called Internet of Things, when all kinds of devices from coffee makers to toothbrushes will be connected to the web, big data and artificial intelligence “will make people more aware of their world and their own behavior.”
報(bào)告還說，所謂的“物聯(lián)網(wǎng)”(Internet of Things)將把咖啡機(jī)和牙刷之類的物件都連到網(wǎng)上，“物聯(lián)網(wǎng)”、大數(shù)據(jù)和人工智能“會(huì)讓人們更加了解他們的世界和他們自身的行為?！?BR> “Devices will more and more have their own patterns of communication, their own ‘social networks,’ which they use to share and aggregate information, and undertake automatic control and activation,” said David Clark, a senior research scientist at MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory in a statement. “More and more, humans will be in a world in which decisions are being made by an active set of cooperating devices. The Internet (and computer-mediated communication in general) will become more pervasive but less explicit and visible. It will, to some extent, blend into the background of all we do.”
麻省理工學(xué)院(MIT)計(jì)算機(jī)和人工智能實(shí)驗(yàn)室資深研究人員戴維·克拉克說：“這些物件越來越具備它們自己的通訊形式，它們自己的‘社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)’，通過這個(gè)系統(tǒng)分享和聚合信息，可以自動(dòng)控制和激活?！彼f，人類世界將越來越多地通過一組協(xié)同運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的裝置來做決策，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)以及其它由計(jì)算機(jī)調(diào)節(jié)的通訊系統(tǒng)將會(huì)無處不在，同時(shí)也變得越來越潤(rùn)物細(xì)無聲，不再那么顯眼，進(jìn)入幕后操作人們所做的一切事情。
Experts also see increased use of augmented reality and wearable devices which can monitor aspects of your daily life, giving a user feedback to improve, for example, personal health.
專家們還認(rèn)為，隨著“增強(qiáng)現(xiàn)實(shí)” (augmented reality)技術(shù)以及可以穿戴在身的日常生活監(jiān)測(cè)裝置越來越廣泛的應(yīng)用，用戶可以獲得信息反饋，從而改善生活，包括個(gè)人健康。
Pew and Elon will soon be publishing another report on wearables.
Lastly, and more of a mixed bag, the experts also saw the potential for more “Arab Spring” type uprisings, some peaceful and some not.
皮尤中心和伊隆大學(xué)不久將發(fā)布另外一份有關(guān)可穿戴式裝置的報(bào)告。
On the negative side, the experts cautioned that the increasing divides between haves and have-nots that could result in violence.
在負(fù)面影響方面，專家們提醒說，有的人擁有技術(shù)，有的人則沒有，貧富差距的擴(kuò)大，可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致暴力。
In 10 years, experts said the net will continue to be plagued by “abuses and abusers” involved in pornography, crime and bullying, but that these people will “evolve to scale,” with “new capacity to make life miserable for others.”
專家們說，十年后，網(wǎng)絡(luò)將繼續(xù)受到涉及色情、犯罪和欺負(fù)人等“濫用和濫用者”的困擾，而這些濫用者將“逐漸發(fā)展壯大”，通過“新的能力讓別人的生活變得更加糟糕。”
The report also warned that Internet freedom could face threats from governments and corporations “as they invoke security and cultural norms.”
報(bào)告還警告說，網(wǎng)絡(luò)自由面臨來自政府和企業(yè)的威脅，他們以安全和文化規(guī)范為借口控制網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
“I hope there will be greater openness, more democratic participation, less centralized control, and greater freedom,” said Marc Rotenberg, president of the Electronic Privacy Information Center. “But there is nothing predetermined about that outcome. Economic and political forces in the United States are pulling in the opposite direction. So, we are left with a central challenge: will the Internet of 2025 be—a network of freedom and opportunity or the infrastructure of social control?”
電子隱私信息中心(Electronic Privacy Information Center)總裁馬克·羅滕伯格說：“我希望網(wǎng)絡(luò)更加開放，有更多的民主參與，更少的中央控制和更大的自由。但是，誰(shuí)也不能預(yù)設(shè)究竟會(huì)有什么樣的結(jié)果。美國(guó)的各種經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治力量正在做著彼此相反的運(yùn)動(dòng)。因此，我們面臨的重要挑戰(zhàn)是，2025年的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)究竟將是自由和充滿機(jī)會(huì)的，還是成為控制社會(huì)的基礎(chǔ)手段?”
Finally, the report said privacy will continue to erode and that it “will be something only the upscale will enjoy.”
報(bào)告最后說，個(gè)人隱私將繼續(xù)受到侵蝕，并且只有高端人群才能享有。
“Over the past decade, it’s the people who have power and control that can protect their privacy,” said Anderson. “The rich will be able to find ways to keep their data private.”
安德森說：“過去十年，能夠保護(hù)自己隱私的人是那些有權(quán)和有控制手段的人。富人將有能力保住他們個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)的隱秘性?！?BR> Of course, predictions are fraught with perils, but Anderson researched thousands of predictions made in the 1990s, saying many of them were “incredibly prescient” and “right on the mark.”
當(dāng)然，預(yù)言未來是件危險(xiǎn)的事。不過，安德森研究了1990年代的數(shù)千項(xiàng)預(yù)測(cè)，她說，很多預(yù)測(cè)有“令人難以置信的先見之明”，并且“準(zhǔn)確到位”。
As the Internet celebrates its 25th anniversary, a group of experts is trying to imagine how technology will influence our lives 10 years down the road.
在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)誕生25周年之際，一組專家試圖想象科技如何影響我們今后十年的生活。
The report, which was done by the Pew Research Center and Elon University’s Imagining the Internet Center, combines the “imaginings” of some 1,500 experts.
由皮尤研究中心(the Pew Research Center)和伊隆大學(xué)(Elon University)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)創(chuàng)想中心(Imagining the Internet Center)共同完成的這項(xiàng)報(bào)告匯集了大約1500名專家的“想象”。
“It is striking how much consensus there is among these experts on what will change, and equally striking how varied their answers are when they are asked how those changes will impact and influence users in good and bad ways,” said Elon University Professor Janna Anderson, a primary author of the report.
報(bào)告的主要執(zhí)筆人、伊隆大學(xué)教授喬安娜·安德森說：“令人印象深刻的是，專家們?cè)诨ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)今后有哪些變化問題上的觀點(diǎn)竟然如此的一致。而當(dāng)他們被問到這些變化對(duì)用戶有什么好的和壞的影響時(shí)，他們的答案又是如此多樣，這同樣令人印象深刻。”
One recurring theme among the experts was the notion that the Internet may become less visible in daily life, becoming, instead, “l(fā)ike electricity.”
專家們反復(fù)提到的一個(gè)主題是，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在日常生活中可能變得既不那么顯眼，又缺其不可，就“和電一樣”。
This, the report said, could “produce vastly greater human and machine connectivity that will change everything from personal interactions to the decisions made by governments around the world.”
報(bào)告認(rèn)為，這可能會(huì)“極大地增加人類與機(jī)器的連接，由此將改變一切，包括人與人之間的互動(dòng)和世界各國(guó)政府的決策。”
Many of the predictions foreshadow positive developments, but there are certainly some concerns, according to the experts.
許多的預(yù)測(cè)都反應(yīng)了積極的展望，不過專家們認(rèn)為，當(dāng)然也存在某些擔(dān)心。
Pew and Elon have been doing similar surveys since 2004, and Anderson said it was interesting to see how excitement over technology has become tempered over that time.
2004年以來，皮尤研究中心和伊隆大學(xué)一直在做類似的問卷調(diào)查。安德森說，有趣的是，人們看到，隨著時(shí)間的推移，科技帶來的興奮感有所降溫。
She said in 2004, most experts talked about how technological advancement was going to be great.
她說，在2004年，多數(shù)專家談?wù)摰氖羌夹g(shù)進(jìn)步將會(huì)如何的了不起。
“We hear enthusiasm now, but also more about the negative, more so than ever before,” she said. “People are starting to realize that the power of communication can be used by anyone, good or bad.”
“現(xiàn)在我們還能聽到這種激情，”安德森說，“但負(fù)面觀點(diǎn)之多，超過了以往。人們開始意識(shí)到，信息交流可以被任何人利用，包括好人，也包括壞人?！?BR> On the hopeful side, the increasing reach of the Internet will enhance global connectivity, which could foster “more positive relationships among societies,” according to the report.
從積極面看，報(bào)告認(rèn)為，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)涉及范圍的日益擴(kuò)大將加強(qiáng)全球的聯(lián)系，這種趨勢(shì)可能促進(jìn)“社群之間更加積極的關(guān)系?！盩he report also said the so-called Internet of Things, when all kinds of devices from coffee makers to toothbrushes will be connected to the web, big data and artificial intelligence “will make people more aware of their world and their own behavior.”
報(bào)告還說，所謂的“物聯(lián)網(wǎng)”(Internet of Things)將把咖啡機(jī)和牙刷之類的物件都連到網(wǎng)上，“物聯(lián)網(wǎng)”、大數(shù)據(jù)和人工智能“會(huì)讓人們更加了解他們的世界和他們自身的行為?！?BR> “Devices will more and more have their own patterns of communication, their own ‘social networks,’ which they use to share and aggregate information, and undertake automatic control and activation,” said David Clark, a senior research scientist at MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory in a statement. “More and more, humans will be in a world in which decisions are being made by an active set of cooperating devices. The Internet (and computer-mediated communication in general) will become more pervasive but less explicit and visible. It will, to some extent, blend into the background of all we do.”
麻省理工學(xué)院(MIT)計(jì)算機(jī)和人工智能實(shí)驗(yàn)室資深研究人員戴維·克拉克說：“這些物件越來越具備它們自己的通訊形式，它們自己的‘社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)’，通過這個(gè)系統(tǒng)分享和聚合信息，可以自動(dòng)控制和激活?！彼f，人類世界將越來越多地通過一組協(xié)同運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的裝置來做決策，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)以及其它由計(jì)算機(jī)調(diào)節(jié)的通訊系統(tǒng)將會(huì)無處不在，同時(shí)也變得越來越潤(rùn)物細(xì)無聲，不再那么顯眼，進(jìn)入幕后操作人們所做的一切事情。
Experts also see increased use of augmented reality and wearable devices which can monitor aspects of your daily life, giving a user feedback to improve, for example, personal health.
專家們還認(rèn)為，隨著“增強(qiáng)現(xiàn)實(shí)” (augmented reality)技術(shù)以及可以穿戴在身的日常生活監(jiān)測(cè)裝置越來越廣泛的應(yīng)用，用戶可以獲得信息反饋，從而改善生活，包括個(gè)人健康。
Pew and Elon will soon be publishing another report on wearables.
Lastly, and more of a mixed bag, the experts also saw the potential for more “Arab Spring” type uprisings, some peaceful and some not.
皮尤中心和伊隆大學(xué)不久將發(fā)布另外一份有關(guān)可穿戴式裝置的報(bào)告。
On the negative side, the experts cautioned that the increasing divides between haves and have-nots that could result in violence.
在負(fù)面影響方面，專家們提醒說，有的人擁有技術(shù)，有的人則沒有，貧富差距的擴(kuò)大，可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致暴力。
In 10 years, experts said the net will continue to be plagued by “abuses and abusers” involved in pornography, crime and bullying, but that these people will “evolve to scale,” with “new capacity to make life miserable for others.”
專家們說，十年后，網(wǎng)絡(luò)將繼續(xù)受到涉及色情、犯罪和欺負(fù)人等“濫用和濫用者”的困擾，而這些濫用者將“逐漸發(fā)展壯大”，通過“新的能力讓別人的生活變得更加糟糕。”
The report also warned that Internet freedom could face threats from governments and corporations “as they invoke security and cultural norms.”
報(bào)告還警告說，網(wǎng)絡(luò)自由面臨來自政府和企業(yè)的威脅，他們以安全和文化規(guī)范為借口控制網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
“I hope there will be greater openness, more democratic participation, less centralized control, and greater freedom,” said Marc Rotenberg, president of the Electronic Privacy Information Center. “But there is nothing predetermined about that outcome. Economic and political forces in the United States are pulling in the opposite direction. So, we are left with a central challenge: will the Internet of 2025 be—a network of freedom and opportunity or the infrastructure of social control?”
電子隱私信息中心(Electronic Privacy Information Center)總裁馬克·羅滕伯格說：“我希望網(wǎng)絡(luò)更加開放，有更多的民主參與，更少的中央控制和更大的自由。但是，誰(shuí)也不能預(yù)設(shè)究竟會(huì)有什么樣的結(jié)果。美國(guó)的各種經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治力量正在做著彼此相反的運(yùn)動(dòng)。因此，我們面臨的重要挑戰(zhàn)是，2025年的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)究竟將是自由和充滿機(jī)會(huì)的，還是成為控制社會(huì)的基礎(chǔ)手段?”
Finally, the report said privacy will continue to erode and that it “will be something only the upscale will enjoy.”
報(bào)告最后說，個(gè)人隱私將繼續(xù)受到侵蝕，并且只有高端人群才能享有。
“Over the past decade, it’s the people who have power and control that can protect their privacy,” said Anderson. “The rich will be able to find ways to keep their data private.”
安德森說：“過去十年，能夠保護(hù)自己隱私的人是那些有權(quán)和有控制手段的人。富人將有能力保住他們個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)的隱秘性?！?BR> Of course, predictions are fraught with perils, but Anderson researched thousands of predictions made in the 1990s, saying many of them were “incredibly prescient” and “right on the mark.”
當(dāng)然，預(yù)言未來是件危險(xiǎn)的事。不過，安德森研究了1990年代的數(shù)千項(xiàng)預(yù)測(cè)，她說，很多預(yù)測(cè)有“令人難以置信的先見之明”，并且“準(zhǔn)確到位”。