第1部分：詞匯選項(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分) 　　下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。 　　1. Sally likes to tease her brother about his girl friends. 　　A. charm　 　B. laugh at 　　C. criticize　 　D. respect 　　2. America’s emphasis on the importance of education for everyone has spurred scientific research. 　　A. encouraged　　B. endangered　　C. endorsed　 　D. enlarged 　　3. You have to follow the guide whose sole interest is to cover all spots according to his strict schedule. 　　A. obvious　　 B. simple 　　C. only　 　D. assumed 　　4. In 1861 it seemed inevitable that the Southern states would break away from the Union. 　　A. strange　　 B. certain 　　C. inconsistent　 D. proper 　　5. Techniques to harness the energy of the sun are being developed. 　　A. convert　 　B. store　 　C. utilize　 　D. receive 　　6. First editions of certain popular books cannot be obtained for love or money. 　　A. at any place　　B. at any price　　C. in any language D. in any country 　　7. In a bullfight, it is the movement, not the color, of objects that arouses the bull. 　　A. confuses　 　B. excites　　 C. scares　 　D. diverts 　　8. Sulfur has occasionally been found in the earth in an almost pure state. 　　A. regularly　　 B. accidentally　　 C. sometimes　 D. successfully 　　9. Many fine cooks insist on ingredients (成分) of the highest quality. 　　A. demand　　 B. rely on　　 C. prepare for　　D. create 　　10. The company recommended that a new petrol station (should) be built here. 　　A. ordered　 　B. insisted　 　C. suggested　 　D. demanded 　　11. It hard for the young people to imagine what severe conditions their parents once lived under. 　　A. sincere　　 B. hard　 　 C. strict　 　D. tight 　　12. They agreed to settle the dispute by peaceful means. 　　A. solve　 　B. determine　 　C. untie　 　D. complete 　　13. The police contended that the difficulties they faced were too severe. 　　A. argued　　 B. predicted 　　C. said　 　D. suggested 　　14. He expressed concern that the ship might be in distress. 　　A. despair　 　B. difficulty　 　C. need　 　D. danger 　　15. The most pressing problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources. 　　A. puzzling　　 B. difficult　　 C. terrifying　 D. urgent 　　第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16～22題，每題1分，共7分) 　　下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。 　　Rescue platform 　　In the aftermath (后果) of the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center, security experts are trying to develop new ways of rescuing people from burning skyscrapers (摩天樓). One idea is a platform capable of flying vertically (垂直地) and hovering in the air like a helicopter. The platform would rise up and down alongside a skyscraper and pick up people trapped in high stories. 　　The idea for the vertical takeoff platform was hatched more than ten years ago by a Russian aerospace engineer, David Metreveli, who has since moved to Israel. Metreveli’s design, called the Eagle, calls for two jet engines that turn four large horizontal propellers. The spinning of the propellers generates the necessary lift, or upward force, to raise the platform. The more power is supplied to the propellers (飛機上的螺旋推進器), the higher the platform rises. Moving the platform sideways involves applying differing amounts of power to each propeller. 　　Helicopters are now used in some cases to get people out of burning buildings. Escape baskets slung from them dangle beside the building for people to climb into. Unfortunately, the baskets cannot reach every floor of a building because the ropes from which they hang become unstable beyond a certain length. 　　So far, Metreveli has built a small-scale model of the Eagle to test his idea. In the wake of September 11, he has been able to secure enough funding to start building a larger, 4-meter by 4-meter prototype, which he calls the Eaglet. 　　16. A rescue platform called the Eagle is capable of moving vertically but not sideways. 　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 　　17. The four propellers are fitter horizontally to the Eagle. 　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 　　18. With the help of jet engines, the Eagle can fly at a speed of 100 miles an hour. 　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 　　19. In the third paragraph, the word helicopter refers to the Eagle. 　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 　　20. The more jet engines are fitted to the propellers, the more people the platform can carry. 　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 　　21. In the wake of September 11, Mr. Metreveli has secured enough funding to build up a small-scale model of the Eagle to test his idea. 　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 　　22. Mr. Metreveli is designing for Israel a more advanced form of rescue platform than the Eagle or the Eaglet. 　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 　　第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23～30題，每題1分，共8分) 　　下面的短文后有2項測試任務：(1)第23～26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第4～8段其中四段選擇1個標題;(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個選項。 　　The Mir Space Station 　　The Russian Mir (沙俄時代的一種村社組織) Space Station, which came down in 2001 at last after 15 years of pioneering the concept of long-term (長期的) human space flight, is remembered for its accomplishments in the human space flight history. It can be credited with many firsts in space. 　　During Mir’s lifetime, Russia spent about US$4.2 billion to build and maintain the station. 　　The Soviet Union launched Mir, which was designed to last from three to five years, on February 20, 1986, and housed 104 astronauts over 12 years and seven months, most of whom were not Russian. In fact, it became the first international space station by playing host to 62 people from 11 countries. From 1995 through 1998, seven astronauts from the United States took turns living on Mir for up to six months each. They were among the 37 Americans who visited the station during nine stopovers (中途停留) by space shuttles. 　　The more than 400 million the United States provided Russian for the visits not only kept Mir operating, but also gave the Americans and their partners in the international station project valuable experience in long-term flight and multinational operations. 　　A debate continues over Mir’s contributions to science. During its existence, Mir was the laboratory (實驗室) for 23, 000 experiments and carried scientific equipment, estimated to be worth $80 million, from many nations. Experiments on Mir are credited with a range of findings, from the first solid measurement of the ration of heavy helium atoms in space to how to grow wheat in space. But for those favouring human space exploration, Mir showed that people could live and work in space long enough for a trip to Mars. The longest single stay in space is the 437.7 days that Russian astronaut Valery Polyakov spent on Mir from 1994 to 1995. And Sergie Avdeyev accumulated 747.6 days in space in three trips to the space station. The longest American stay was that of Shannon Lucid, who spent 188 days aboard Mir in 1996. 　　Despite the many firsts Mir accomplished, 1997 was a bad year out of 15 for Mir. In 1997, an oxygen generator (發(fā)電機) caught fire. Later, the main computer system broke down, causing the station to drift several times and there were power failures. 　　Most of these problems were repaired, with American help and suppliers, but Mir’s reputation as a space station was ruined. 　　Mir’s setbacks are nothing, though, when we compare them with its accomplishments. Mir was a tremendous success, which will be remembered as a milestone in space exploration and the space station that showed long-term human habitation in space was possible. But it’s time to move on to the next generation. The International Space Station being built will be better, but it owes a great debt to Mir. 　　23. Paragraph 4 ________ 　　24. Paragraph 5 ________ 　　25. Paragraph 6 ________ 　　26. Paragraph 8 ________ 　　A. Undeniable Mir’s Achievements 　　B. Rewards Following the U.S. Financial Injection 　　C. Mir’s Problem Year 　　D. Mir Regarded as a Complete Failure 　　E. Mir’s Firsts in Scientific Experiments and Space Exploration 　　F. A great Debt Owned to the International Space Station 　　27. Mir enhanced the confidence in the scientists that humans living in space for a long time was _______. 　　28. In Mir, the U.S. astronauts created ________. 　　29. When we think of Mir in terms of its achievements, its setbacks are _________. 　　30. The writer tend to think that Mir was _________. 　　A. everything 　　B. a great success 　　C. a tremendous failure 　　D. nothing 　　E. many firsts 　　F. quite possible 　　第4部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分) 　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據短文內容，為每題確定1個選項。 　　第一篇 　　U.S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars 　　NASA scientists said that Mars was covered once by vast lakes, flowing rivers and a variety of other wet environments that had the potential to support life. 　　Laboratory tests aboard NASA’s Phoenix Mars Lander have identified water in a soil sample; the lander’s robotic arm delivered the sample Wednesday to an instrument that identifies vapors produced by the heating of samples. 　　“We have water,” said William Boynton of the University of Arizona, lead scientist for the Thermal and Evolved-Gas Analyzer, or TEGA. “This is the first time Martian water has been touched and tasted. ” 　　The robotic arm is a critical part of the Phoenix Mars mission. It is needed to trench" into the icy layers of northern polar Mars and deliver samples to instruments that will analyze what Mars is made of, what its water is like, and whether it is or has ever been a possible habitat for life. 　　The soil sample came from a trench approximately 2 inches deep. When the robotic arm first reached that depth, it hit a hard layer of frozen soil. Two attempts to deliver samples of icy soil on days when fresh material was exposed were foiled when the samples became stuck inside the scoop. Most of the material in Wednesday’s sample had been exposed to the air for two days, letting some of the water in the sample vaporize away and making the soil easier to handle. 　　“Mars is giving us some surprises,” said Phoenix principal investigator Peter Smith of the University of Arizona. “We’re excited because surprises are where discoveries come from. One surprise is how the soil is behaving. The ice-rich layers stick to the scoop when poised in the sun above the deck, different from what we expected, from all the Mars simulation testing we’ve done so far. ” 　　Since landing on May 25, Phoenix has been studying soil with a chemistry lab, TEGA, a microscope, a conductivity probe and cameras. The science team is trying to determine whether the water ice ever thaws enough to be available for biology and if carbon-containing chemicals and other raw materials for life are present. 　　The mission is examining the sky as well as the ground. A Canadian instrument is using a laser beam to study dust and clouds overhead. 　　“It’s a 30-watt light bulb giving us a laser show on Mars,” said Victoria Hipkin of the Canadian Space Agency. 　　A full-circle, color panorama of Phoenix’s surroundings also has been completed by the spacecraft. 　　“The details and patterns we see in the ground show an ice-dominated terrain as far as the eye can see,” said Mark Lemmon of Texas A & M University, lead scientist for Phoenix’s Surface Stereo Imager camera. “They help us plan measurements we’re making within reach of the robotic arm and interpret those measurements on a wider scale. ” 　　31. What was discovered by NASA’s Phoenix Mars Lander on Mars? 　　A. Vast lakes 　　B. Flowing rivers 　　C. Water in a soil sample. 　　D. Living things 　　32. Why did the first two attempts to deliver samples fail? 　　A. The sample vaporized away 　　B. Fresh material was exposed to the air 　　C. The samples got stuck inside the scoop 　　D. The robotic arm hit a hard rock 　　33. Which one of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer? 　　A. Scientists have been trying to break the ice-rich layers of soil on Mars. 　　B. Scientists have been surprised by how the soil on Mars behaves 　　C. Scientists have been trying to find out if there is life supporting material on Mars 　　D. Scientists have been trying to know if water ice will melt 　　34. Where are the scientists involved in the research from? 　　A. They are from America 　　B. They are from Canada 　　C. They are from both America and Canada. 　　D. They are from neither America nor Canada 　　35. Which of the following do you think is the best description of Phoenix’s Surface Stereo Imager Camera, according to your understanding of the passage? 　　A. It imitates human vision and is able to capture three-dimensional images. 　　B. It imitates human voice and is able to record slight sounds while taking photos 　　C. It takes clear photos that show every detail of the object 　　D. It is this particular type of camera that can take wide angle pictures 　　第二篇 　　Forecasting Methods 　　There are several different methods that can be used to create a forecast (預測). The method a forecaster chooses depends upon the experience of the forecaster, the amount of information available to the forecaster, the level of difficulty that the forecast situation presents, and the degree of accuracy or confidence needed in the forecast. 　　The first of these methods is the persistence method; the simplest way of producing a forecast. The persistence (堅持) method assumes that the conditions at the time of the forecast will not change. For example, if it is sunny and 87 degree today, the persistence method predicts that it will be sunny and 87 degree tomorrow. If two inches of rain fell today, the persistence method would predict two inches of rain for tomorrow. However, if weather conditions change significantly from day to day, the persistence method usually breaks down and is not the best forecasting method to use. 　　The trends method involves determining the speed and direction of movement for fronts, high and low pressure centers, and areas of clouds and precipitation. Using this information, the forecaster can predict where he or she expects those features to be at some future time. For example, if a storm system is 1000 miles west of your location and moving to the east at 250 miles per day, using the trends method you would predict it to arrive in your area in 4 days. The trends (趨勢) method works well when systems continue to move at the same speed in the same direction for a long period of time. If they slow down, speed up, change intensity, or change direction, the trends forecast will probably not work as well. 　　The climatology method is another simple way of producing a forecast. This method involves averaging weather statistics accumulated over many years to make the forecast. For example, if you were using the climatology method to predict the weather for New York City on July 4th, you would go through all the weather data that has been recorded for every July 4th and take an average. The climatology method only works well when the weather pattern is similar to that expected for the chosen time of year. If the pattern is quite unusual for the given time of year, the climatology method will often fail. 　　The analog method is a slightly more complicated method of producing a forecast. It involves examining today’s forecast scenario and remembering a day in the past when the weather scenario (推測) looked very similar (an analog). The forecaster would predict that the weather in this forecast will behave the same as it did in the past. The analog method is difficult to use because it is virtually impossible to find a predict analog. Various weather features rarely align themselves in the same locations they were in the previous time. Even small differences between the current time and the analog can lead to very different results. 　　36. What factor is NOT mentioned in choosing a forecasting method? 　　A. Imagination of the forecaster. 　　B. Necessary amount of information. 　　C. Practical knowledge of the forecaster. 　　D. Degree of difficulty involved in forecasting. 　　37. Persistence method will work well 　　A. if weather conditions change greatly from day to day. 　　B. if weather conditions do not change much. 　　C. on sunny days. 　　D. on rainy days. 　　38. The limitation of the trends method is the same as the persistence method in that 　　A. it makes predictions about weather. 　　B. it makes predictions about precipitation. 　　C. the weather features need to be well defined. 　　D. the weather features need to be constant for a long period of time. 　　39. Which method may involve historical weather data? 　　A. The trends method. 　　B. The analog method. 　　C. Both climatology method and analog method. 　　D. The trends method and the persistence method. 　　40. It will be impossible to make weather forecast using the analog method 　　A. when the current weather scenario differs from the analog. 　　B. when the current weather scenario is the same as the analog. 　　C. when the analog is over ten years old. 　　D. when the analog is a simple repetition of the current weather scenario. 　　第三篇 　　Ants Have Big Impact on Environment as “Ecosystem Engineers” 　　Research by the University of Exeter has revealed that ants have a big impact on their local environment as a result of their activity as “ecosystem engineers” and predators. The study, published in the Journal of Animal Ecology, found that ants have two distinct effects on their local environment. 　　Firstly, through moving of soil by nest building activity and by collecting food they affect the level of nutrients in the soil. This can indirectly impact the local populations of many animal groups, from decomposers to species much higher up the food chain. 　　Secondly, they prey on a wide range of other animals, including larger prey which can be attacked by vast numbers of ant workers. 　　Dirk Sanders, an author of the study from the university’s Centre for Ecology and Conservation, said: “Ants are very effective predators which thrive in huge numbers. They’re also very territorial and very aggressive, defending their resources and territory against other predators. All of this means they have a strong influence on their surrounding area.” 　　“In this research, we studied for the first time how big this impact is and the subtleties of it. What we found is that despite being predators, their presence can also lead to an increase in density and diversity of other animal groups. They genuinely play a key role in the local environment, having a big influence on the grassland food web,” Sanders said. 　　The study, carried out in Germany, studied the impact of the presence of different combinations and densities of black garden ants and common red ants, both species which can be found across Europe, including in the UK. It found that a low density of ants in an area increased the diversity and density of other animals in the local area, particularly the density of herbivores and decomposers. At higher densities ants had no or the opposite effect, showing that predation is counteracting the positive influence. 　　Dr Frank van Veen, another author on the study, said: “What we find is that the impact of ants on soil nutrient levels has a positive effect on animal groups at low levels, but as the number of ants increases, their predatory impacts have the bigger effect—thereby counteracting the positive influence via ecosystem engineering.” 　　Ants are important components of ecosystems not only because they constitute a great part of the animal biomass but also because they act as ecosystem engineers. Ant biodiversity is incredibly high and these organisms are highly responsive to human impact, which obviously reduces its richness. However, it is not clear how such disturbance damages the maintenance of ant services to the ecosystem. Ants are important in below ground processes through the alteration of the physical and chemical environment and through their effects on plants, microorganisms, and other soil organisms. 　　41 .Why are ants compared to ecosystem engineers? 　　A. Because they build their own nests. 　　B. Because they collect food. 　　C. Because their activity affects the environment. 　　D. Because they are predators. 　　42. As predators, ants 　　A. prey on small as well as large animals. 　　B. collect nutritious food from the soil 　　C. collect food as decomposers. 　　D. prey on species much higher up the food chain. 　　43. Dir Sanders’ study centered on how ants 　　A. can manage to thrive in huge numbers. 　　B. defend their resources and territory against other predators. 　　C. attack those invading animals for survival. 　　D. produce such a big impact on the environment. 　　44. What does paragraph 6 tell us? 　　A. Ants bring about a negative influence to an area when their population is small. 　　B. Ants bring about a positive influence to an area when their population is small. 　　C. Ants’ predation counteracts the positive influence they may have on an area. 　　D. At higher density, ants produce a positive influence on an area. 　　45. What still remains unclear about ants, according to the last paragraph? 　　A. What roles do ants play in the ecosystem in which they live? 　　B. How do ants affect the animal diversity in a given ecosystem? 　　C. How do human activities affect ants’ influence on a given ecosystem? 　　D. How do ants alter the physical and chemical environment 　　第5部分：補全短文(第46～50題，每題2分，共10分) 　　下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據短文內容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復文章原貌。 　　Dung to Death 　　Fields across Europe are contaminated with dangerous levels of the antibiotics (抗生素) given to farm animals. The drugs, which are in manure sprayed (噴射) onto fields as fertilizers (肥料), could be getting into our food and water, helping to create a new generation of antibiotic-resistant “superbugs”. 　　The warning comes from a researcher in Switzerland who looked at levels of the drugs in farm slurry. ______(46) 　　Some 20, 000 tons of antibiotics are used in the European Union and the US each year. More than half are given to farm-animals to prevent disease and promote growth. ______(47) 　　Most researchers assumed that humans become infected with the resistant strains by eating contaminated meat. But far more of the drugs end up in manure than in meat products, says Stephen Mueller of the Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology in Dubendorf.______(48) 　　With millions of tons of animals manure (施肥于) spread onto fields of crops such as wheat and barley each year, this pathway seems an equally likely route for spreading resistance, he said. The drugs contaminate (污染) the crops, which are then eaten. ______(49) 　　Mueller is particularly concerned about a group of antibiotics called sulphonamides. _______ (50) His analysis found that Swiss farm manure contains a high percentage of sulphonamides; each hectare of field could be contaminated with up to 1 kilogram of the drugs. This concentration is high enough to trigger the development of resistance among bacteria. But vets are not treating the issue seriously. 　　There is growing concern at the extent to which drugs, including antibiotics, are polluting the environment. Many drugs given to humans are also excreted unchanged and are not broken down by conventional sewage (用污水灌溉) treatment. 　　A. They do not easily degrade or dissolve in water. 　　B. And manure contains especially high levels of bugs that are resistant to antibiotics, he says. 　　C. Animal antibiotics is still an area to which insufficient attention has been paid. 　　D. But recent research has found a direct link between the increased use of these farmyard 　　drugs and the appearance of antibiotic-resistant bugs that infect people. 　　E. His findings are particularly shocking because Switzerland is one of the few countries to have banned antibiotics as growth promoters in animals feed. 　　F. They could also be leaching into tap water pumped from rocks beneath fertilized fields. 　　第6部分：完形填空(第51～65題，每題1分，共15分) 　　下面的短文有15處空白，請根據短文內容為每處空白確定1個選項。 　　Solar Power without Solar Cells 　　A dramatic and surprising magnetic effect of light discovered by University of Michigan researchers could lead to solar power without traditional semiconductor-based solar cells. 　　The researchers found a way to make an “optical 51 ,” said Stephen Rand, a professor in the departments of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Physics and Applied Physics. 　　Light has electric and magnetic components. Until now, scientists thought the 52of the magnetic field were so weak that they could be ignored. What Rand and his colleagues found is that at the right intensity, when light is traveling through a material that does not conduct electricity, the light field can generate magnetic effects that are 100 million times stronger than 53 expected. 54 these circumstances, the magnetic effects develop strength equivalent to a strong electric effect. 　　“This could lead to a new kind of solar cell without semiconductors and without absorption to produce charge separation,” Rand said. “In solar cells, the 55 goes into a material, gets absorbed and creates heat. Here, we expect to have a very low heat load. Instead of the light being absorbed, energy is stored in the magnetic moment. Intense magnetization can be induced by intense light and then it is ultimately capable of providing a capacitive power 56 ” What makes this possible is a previously undetected brand of “optical rectification,” says William Fisher, a doctoral student in applied physics. In traditional optical rectification, light’s electric field causes a charge separation, or a pulling 57 of the positive and negative charges in a material. This sets up a voltage, similar to 58 in a battery. 　　Rand and Fisher found that under the right circumstances and in right types of materials, the light's magnetic field can also create optical rectification. The light must be shone through a 59 that does not 60 electricity, such as glass. And it must be focused to an intensity of 10 million watts per square centimeter. Sunlight isn't this intense on its own, but new materials are being sought that would work at lower intensities, Fisher said. 　　“In our most recent paper, we show that incoherent light like sunlight is theoretically almost as. 61 in producing charge separation as laser light is,” Fisher said. 　　This new 62 could make solar power cheaper, the researchers say. They predict that with improved materials they could achieve 10 percent efficiency in 63 solar power to useable energy. That’s equivalent to today’s commercial-grade solar cells. 　　“To manufacture 64 solar cells, you have to do extensive semiconductor processing,” Fisher said. “All we would need are lenses to focus the light and a fiber to guide it. Glass works for 65 . It’s already made in bulk, and it doesn’t require as much processing. Transparent ceramics might be even better.” 　　51. A. microscope B. instrument C. fiber D. battery 　　52. A. modifications B. effects C. applications D. results 　　53. A. frequently B. privately C. previously D. formally 　　54. A. Under B. At C. On D. Over 　　55. A. light B. electricity C. chemical D. magnetism 　　56. A. plant B. equipment C. source D. line 　　57. A. down B. up C. together D. apart 　　58. A. this B. that C. those D. it 　　59. A. material B. lens C. meter D. detector 　　60. A. produce B. convey C. use D. conduct 　　61.A. remote B. poor C. effective D. rare 　　62. A. prototype B. skill C. technique D. miracle 　　63. A. converting B. obtaining C. delivering D. transmitting 　　64. A. compact B. modern C. durable D. handy 　　65. A. others B. some C. all D. both 　　參考答案 　　1-5 BACBC 　　6-10 BBCAC 　　11-15 BAADD 　　16-20 BACBC 　　21-25 BCBEC 　　26-30 AFEDB 　　31-35 CCACA 　　36-40 ABDCA 　　41-45 CADBC 　　46-50 EDBFA 　　51-55 DBCAA 　　56-60 CDBAD 　　61-65 CCABD