SECTION II Use of English(15 minutes)
26、 根據(jù)下列材料，請回答26-45題：
I don't know what it is about English pubs that I find so disappointing． 26 , pubs are supposed to be the Englishman' s 27 meeting place, where he can get together with a few friends 28 a glass of beer and talk about football, or horse racing, or business or whatever else 29 his thoughts．You notice that the pub is the Englishman' s meeting place, not the English-woman's．Even in our liberated times it is still not quite 30 for a woman to go into a pub alone; she must have a man to 31 and protect her．Perhaps that' s partly 32 pubs disappoint me--they are 33 mainly to provide for male interests, which are often pretty 34 ． I think this male-dominated atmosphere 35 reminds me of being back at school, or in the army, neither of which is an 36 I much want to relive.
However, I' m 37 in the minority．Most Englishmen have their local, where they can escape from the 38 of family life or work, and if they are 39 , tell their troubles to a pretty barmaid. 40 , many men dream of retiring from their nine-to-five jobs and 41 a little country pub, where they imagine they' ll be the 42 of a seven-nights-a-week party．This 43 usually dies when they think of having to clean up spilled beer at one o' clock in the morning.
Still, there' s a pub for every type of man, and a man for every type of pub．And I must 44 that, for someone who doesn' t like them, I' ve 45 a lot of time in pubs of various kinds.
26、 A．After all B．In addition C．As a result D．For example
27、 A．favorite B．proper C．formal D．exclusive
28、 A．by B．over C．upon D．to
29、 A．forms B．influences C．occupies D．troubles
30、 A．lawful B．meaningful C．impressive D．respectable
31、 A．a(chǎn)ccompany B．comfort C．encourage D．support
32、 A．how B．when C．where D．why
33、 A．forced B．enabled C．intended D．claimed
34、 A．narrow B．noble C．practical D．personal
35、 A．a(chǎn)lso B．hence C．yet D．only
36、 A．existence B．experience C．interest D．incident
37、 A．naturally B．normally C．obviously D．oddly
38、 A．needs B．objectives C．pressures D．requirements
39、 A．careful B．honest C．doubtful D．lucky
40、 A．Still B．Indeed C．Thus D．Nevertheless
41、 A．decorating B．buying C．designing D．visiting
42、 A．host B．member C．servant D．sponsor
43、 A．hobby B．project C．habit D．dream
44、 A．recognize B．remember C．believe D．a(chǎn)dmit
45、 A．found B．recovered C．spent D．saved SECTION III Reading Comprehension Part A(40 minutes)
根據(jù)下列材料，請回答46-60題： Text 1 Researchers at UCLA Medical Center in Los Angeles, California found that a 12-minute bed-side visit with a dog can help ease anxiety levels by 24 percent in heart failure patients, compared to a 10 percent drop when patients had a visit from a human volunteer, and no drop in patients who had no visit. Results of the 76-patient study were presented last week at the American Heart Association' s annual Scientific Sessions in Dallas, Texas. The study was funded by the Pet Care Trust Founda-tion, a non-profit organization which promotes human-animal interaction and bonding. In the stud-y, effects of dog and volunteer visits were compared with those of volunteers only, and with patients who had no visits and remained at rest. Heart pressures were monitored and patients were asked to answer a list of anxiety assessment questions before and after the visits. Although critical pressure measures also decreased, suggesting improved cardiac function, the most marked response was seen in anxiety levels. "The first thing you notice is that the patient' s facial expression ,changes to a smile and the stress of the world seems to be lifted off their shoulders," study author Kathy Cole said. Feelings of depression and helplessness are common among heart patients, Cole said, and just three nights in a hospital is enough to make some patients feel anxious and unsettled. During the visit, the furry friend is allowed to lie on the bed next to the patient with its head within two feet of the patient' s. Most patients petted the dog, while others engaged human volunteers in conversation about the dog. Dogs used in the study are specially trained animal-assisted therapy dogs that undergo a series of trainings, evaluations and certifications to qualify as therapy dogs. Dog breeds varied. Research-ers used everything from Bernese mountain dogs to small schnauzers. However, a dog doesn't have to be specially trained to have a calming effect on its human counterparts. In fact, the animal doesn' t even have to be a dog in order to help. "As long as the animal has meaning to the patient, or a relationship with the patient, it can help calm the patient," Cole said.
46、We learn from the text that heart patients benefit most from visits A．by a volunteer with a dog B．by a volunteer on his own C．by a well-trained dog alone D．by a non-profit organization
47、 The study shows that, for heart patients, A．their anxiety is reduced if they stay longer in hospital B．their contact with animals improves their condition C．their heart pressure decreases if they remain at rest D．their recovery relies on contact with animals
48、 According to Cole, the change of patients' facial expression indicates that A．they are happy with the experiment B．they are psychologically comforted C．their hospitalization may be shortened D．their heart function is returning to normal
49、 Cole believes that dogs are helpful to the patients if A．they are limited to certain breeds B．they are specially trained ones C．they have meaning to them D．they stay with them all day
50、 This report focuses on A．the healing power of animals B．the treatment of heart disease C．the relationship between dogs and humans D．the promotion of human-animal interaction 根據(jù)下列材料，請回答51-65題： Text 2 In many respects, Katsura Okiyama is a typical Japanese woman in her 20s. She enjoys spend-ing time with her friends and loves Disney. But, less typically, she is a writer. And, quite excep-tionally, her medium is a cell phone. In Japan, not only are people reading novels on their cell phones; they're also writing novels with them--uploading SMS-length chapters to specialist websites where they are in turn downloaded to the phones of millions of readers. The most popular are printed as books and sell in the hundreds of thousands. In book form, K, Okiyama' s first cell-phone novel, is 235 pages long. "I think I was writing 20 pages in two hours per day at the most, and it took me almost a month," she says. Although she was used to writing around 100 text messages daily, Okiyama never expected that thumbing her keypad would enable her to become one of the country' s hot new writers. "I had never written a story," she says. "I never had the idea of how a real novel should be, so that might be why I could do it. " "Cell-phone novels are created and consumed by a generation of young people in Japan that demands to be heard," says John Possman, an entertainment consultant. "It is truly pop culture. It has also become big business, shaking up a publishing industry whose sales have been declining for a decade. " Individual voices are hard to find, however. As dictated by the medium, the language of cell-phone novels is simple and peppered with emoticons--signs that represent various attitudes or emo-tions. Dialogue and description are scarce. Subject matter is always the same. Typically, a heroine loses her first love and then later struggles to find love again. "The stories are often told in the first person and lack diversity," agrees Possman. But that hasn't been a problem with consumers yet. "Why don't you write a novel and move me?" read one angry schoolgirl' s recent online post, in response to a fierce opponent of cell-phone novels. So far, Japan' s literary establishment hasn' t come up with an answer.
51、In Japan, cell-phone writers A．upload their stories bit by bit to websites B．pay to have their novels printed as books C．spend almost one month to finish a novel D．send SMS-length texts to readers'phones
52、 According to Katsura Okiyama, she is able to write because A．she has an insight into literature B．she has training in storytelling C．she is skilled in text messaging D．she is free from literary rules
53、 According to John Possman, the Japanese publishing industry A．is pushed forward by the pop culture B．is strengthened by cell-phone novels C．has been shrinking for many years D．has been creating a generation of young readers
54、 We learn from the text that cell-phone novels" A．feature moving dialogues B．have different writing styles C．lack variety in subject matter D．encourage readers to read others
55、 It can be inferred that Japan' s literary establishment can' t A．settle the dispute between the two sides B．compete with cell-phone novels C．a(chǎn)dapt to the new technologies D．change their writing styles 根據(jù)下列材料，請回答56-70題： Text 3 Too many people fear failure. Some of us let it keep us from trying new things, telling ourselves we' d be no good at it. Some limit our goals to only what we feel absolutely sure we can accomplish. Others among us try something once and when it doesn't work out, we decide that course is not for us.That' s unfortunate because, according to many top scientists, failure is nothing to fear. Not only is it inevitable, they say, it is even an indispensable ally. "In the research lab," says John Polanyi, the Nobel prize-winning chemist," failure is a good thing. If everything you try is very successful, it means you' re playing it safe; you' re not out on the edge. Failure means that you' re learning. To ask a scientist whether he has experienced failure is like asking an artist whether he has ever made a sketch. The answer is, ' a million times. ' That is the price of success. " Failure is not the opposite of success. It' s more like an ingredient. In Hollywood, thousands of ideas for new TV shows are pitched each year, but only a select few get to the screen, let alone survive their first season. In real life, misses outnumber hits whenever people try something new.Nina Spencer, a motivational speaker and author of Getting Passion out of Your Profession, likes to remind audiences that whenever we try a new skill, we go through four stages. "There' s the point when you don' t know about the skill, and because you don' t know about it, you' re no good at it. Eventually, you come to know about the skill, but you' re incompetent to perform it. Then, as long as you think carefully and go slowly, you can do it. Eventually, it becomes so practiced, it' s easy. " The secret is not to give up at stage two. In short, the seeds of success almost always flourish best in the well-turned soil of failure. As Charles Kettering, inventor of the modem electric ignition system for cars and the holder of nearly 200 patents, once said, "failures, repeated failures, are finger-posts on the road to achievements-- one fails forward towards success. "
56、According to John Polany, a seemingly all-time successful person may in fact A．be very adventurous B．be very competitive C．be very sensitive D．be very cautious
57、 The Hollywood example is used to show that to succeed you should A．a(chǎn)void mistakes B．live with failures C．a(chǎn)void competition D．live with new ideas
58、 When it comes to trying new things, people should know it is natural that A．success results from trial and error B．they might miss something important C．success requires safety guarantees D．they will hit more than they miss
59、 According to Nina Spencer, the key to acquiring a new skill lies in A．practice B．persistence C．competence D．performance
60、 The writer of the text wants to tell people not to A．be frightened by failure B．repeat the same failure C．underestimate failure D．be misled by failure SECTION III Reading Comprehension Part B(40 minutes)
根據(jù)下列材料，請回答61-65題： Charles Swecker: Thank you for getting it right in your articles on how to make a better student. As an educator, I' m sure I speak for others in saying parents who encourage learning at home ultimately have kids who perform at a higher level in class. School systems have been trying to get that message out for years. Imagine, excellent teachers working with students who have a drive and desire to learn. What a perfect world!
Sandy Simonson: The students you pictured have positive attitudes; they expect to work hard on their own. Con-sequently, the effort they put in produces positive results. But my sons are different. They see their parents read. They were read to at home. We' ve encouraged and praised the genuine efforts they' ve made. But the bottom line for my sons is that until something fires them up from within, they are content to do as little work as possible.
Bridget Boyle : Parents should do these things to make their child a better student: turn off the television. Fill every room with books. Play, read, travel, and then read some more with your kids. If reading be-comes the primary form of entertainment in the home, youngsters will turn to books. It was my pleasure to catch them reading on their own. Killing our television was the best thing we ever did.
Deborah Curtin: Your report provided a glimpse into the life of young geniuses, but nobody made these kids better students. Each one can obviously grasp any task. Each could have been left in a box with a book and would have ended up self-taught. You did, however, confirm my belief that most teachers are only capable of communicating information to ready-made A students. Of course, there are a few good teachers, but they cannot overcome the defective system we have.
Alan Holman: I don' t think that the success of students really depends on marks. I just finished writing my second average-length stage play, which is going to bc produced at my high school. And I' m also playing a part in Hamlet. Despite all these really great things, my marks in school are really bad. I pay more attention to my hobbies than to school, and it' s actually getting mc somewhere. So marks aren't everything.
Now match the name of each person (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements. Statements A．Grades cannot fully reflect the whole picture of a student. B．Try your best to make your children habitual readers. C．Tolerant parents are sure to shape successful children. D．Parents' encouragement helps to improve children' s performance at school. E．Schooling is very different from educating. F． Good students are actually not made but born. G．Students cannot become better at school unless theyare self-driven. 61、Charles Swecker 62、 Sandy Simonson 63、 Bridget Boyle 64、 Deborah Curtin 65、 Alan Holman SECTION IV Writing Part A(40 minutes) 66、You have read the following notice about a lost handbag. As you have lost your bag, you want to contact the Lost and Found office to know if the bag is yours.
Write an email to the Lost and Found office, telling about: 1) when and where you lost your bag; 2) what your bag is like and what is in it. You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your email. Use "Wang Lin" instead.
SECTION IV Writing Part B(40 minutes) 67、Below is a table showing the percentages of people in a big city going to work in different ways in 2007 and 2011. Look at the table closely and write an essay of about 120 words making reference to the following points: 1) the difference between the two years in the ways of people going to work; 2) the possible reasons for the difference. 參考答案及精析
第一部分聽力理解 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．D 14．C 15．A 16．D 17．C 18．D 19．C 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B
【聽力部分錄音材料】 Part A 1. M: Good evening. My name is Tom Smith, may I know your name? W: My name is Mary Class on. M: Mary, would you care to dance? W: I' d love to, but I have to be off with something important to do. 2. M: We' d better start to eat onions frequently, Linda. W: But you hate onions, don't you? M: Until I learned from a report from today' s paper that they protect people from flu and colds. After all, compared with health, taste is not so important. 3. W: When do you think that I can go home, Doctor Smith? M: Well, you came in on Monday and today is Friday. I say that you could probably leave tomorrow. But you should stay at home and not go back to work too soon. 4. M: Laura, I ran into David today. W: Really? Did he say anything about his sister? M: Yes. She should be leaving London very soon because her husband has taken a job in Paris. 5. M : Do you have a driver' s license? W: No. I am going to take the test in a couple of weeks. M: Didn't you drive in your own country? W: Yes. But I have to be more skilled. M: And you have to study the traffic rules too. 6. M: Let' s back up. Where was I? W: You were talking about your trip to South Africa.I bet you had a great time. M: Yes, we did. In fact, you know what we en-countered. W: A long-last friend? M: Come on ! A lion. 7. W: When do you usually go to the bank, John? M: Anytime I have to. Why did you ask? W: You' d better avoid Friday mornings. I' m reading an interesting book these days. And it says most robberies happen on Friday mornings. 8. W : What do you think of your father? M: Oh, he was the first stable male figure in my life. The best attribute a parent can have is con-sistency. When he said he would be there at 3 o'clock, he was there. That meant more to me than anything. 9. M: How do you like your new room, Jane? W: It' s not big; the rent is high. And I' m far away from work. But I enjoy myself very much. M : Why? W : I am able to get rid of that annoying roommate at last. 10. M: Our flight will be delayed by 6 hours. That means it won' t be leaving until 3:30 in the afternoon. W: What shall we do in the meantime? M: Let' s find some seats in the quiet part of the terminal to take a nap. W: Good idea. I am pretty tired.
Part B Questions 11 ~ 13 W: Wow, look at the line. It' s worse than I expected. We are lucky we got here an hour earlier. Or else we will definitely have had problems getting tickets. I'm glad we made the effort to come early. M: Me too. I learned my lesson the last time I went to a new film. I didn' t arrive early enough and ended up with a terrible seat all the way in the front row. Believe me, it was one of the worst movie experiences ever. W: Yeah. I hate sitting in the first row. M: By the way, it was really nice of you to get this ticket for me. Why don' t I show you a bit of appreciation by getting you a drink? W: That would be great. M: OK. What kind of soda do you want? W : Let me see. I' ll take a large coke. Thanks a lot. M: I' d better get going. You hold my place and I' ll be back really quick. Oh, I almost forget. I' d better hold on to my ticket in case you get let in before I get back. If that happens, just save me a seat and I'll meet you inside. W: OK. It' s a plan.
Questions 14 ~ 17 W: You two are quite different. How did your company put you two together as a team? M: At first, they wanted to hear our harmony. We sang to them and they really liked to. So they decided that it would be best to put us together as a group. W: What are some of the distinctive features of your music? M: We have a variety of different songs; we have four different styles: soft rock, slow music, love songs and country music. But we are most at home with soft rock. I really like our voices merged together and I like how it sounds. Actually, there is a song called Studying. Our company really likes the song because it represents our voice. W: What would you like to bring to the audience through your music? M : I' d like to recommend our first song to everyone. The name of the song is Believe. The main idea we want to share is that we want to tell everyone you have to believe in yourself before people can believe in you. Actually we want to bring our music to everyone and make everyone happy. Music is something all around you. You can listen to music and you can feel what the music says.
Questions 18 ～ 21 W: I don' t think Poppas is right for this position. M: I agree. He' s got experience as a computer operator but he has very little training in programming. What about Anderson? W: I like him. He seems very enthusiastic and he knows a lot about programming. M: That' s true. Do you think he is dependable enough, though? He' s already had two different jobs this year. He might work for a couple of months and then decide to leave. W: I suppose so. But his last supervisor wrote a three-page letter of recommendation. He says Anderson is an excellent programmer. M: He probably is. But we don' t want him to leave after we' ve spent a lot of time training him. Actually, I think Logan is the best candidate. W: She hash' t worked since she got married, hash' t she ? M: She' s been taking care of her family. But she is really devoted. W: Oh, yes. The letter from her principal says she did a wonderful job. Do you think she' ll be a good programmer? M: I bet she will. She has an excellent letter of recommendation from her teacher at the institute she attended. W: That' s true. M: And Logan seems more professional. She was well-dressed and seemed to have a very positive attitude about working for us.
Questions 22 ～ 25 M: Well, what do you think is the reason most people do so badly at reaching goals? W: They lose focus. Everybody' s life is busy. There is so much happening in everybody' s life. That what happens is they might have a goal and then something will get in the way of that. Maybe their goal is that they want to go on a holiday every year and they put in their leave form with their boss and their boss may ask them to wait for another month and then for another month. That is, so different things get in their way and people don' t stand up for their goals. They don' t struggle for them. They let other forces push them around a little bit. Also, a lot of people don' t set goals ; they think they do. But it' s either a dream of very loose goal. So when they have to make a decision about a necessary action in their life the goal is so far back in their mind that they don' t act in its best interest. Also because people will sit down and say "oh, here are my goals" and forget all about them. Revisiting them every week is a good way. They stay at the top of your mind so you can take actions based on them. 第二部分英語知識運用
第一節(jié)單項填空 參考譯文 我不知道為什么英國的酒吧讓我感到失望，畢竟酒吧是英國男性最喜歡的聚會場所，在那里，他們可以和朋友聚會，一起喝啤酒、討論足球或者賽馬，抑或談生意或者任何他們腦子里想的事情。請注意酒吧是英國男性喜歡的聚會場所而不是英國女性。即使在今天這個自由的時代，女性單獨去酒吧也不是一件值得人尊重的行為，必須有個男性陪同并且保護她才好?；蛟S這也是酒吧讓我覺得失望的部分原因：它們主要是為男性的喜好而設(shè)的。這一點相當狹隘。我認為這種男性主導的氛圍只會讓我想起以前在學校的經(jīng)歷，或者是部隊里的經(jīng)歷。這兩個都是我不想再次體驗的。 但是我肯定屬于少數(shù)派。大多數(shù)英國人居住的附近都有酒吧，他們可以在那里擺脫來自家庭生活或者工作的壓力，如果幸運的話，還可以向酒吧里漂亮的服務員傾訴煩心事。其實很多人男士都夢想辭去朝九晚五的工作，盤下一間小的鄉(xiāng)村酒吧，他們設(shè)想自己可以在那兒一個星期連續(xù)開七天的派對。當他們想到凌晨一點要清理酒吧里到處潑灑的啤酒時，這種夢想就破滅了。 不過，每個男人都能找到自己喜歡的酒吧，每個酒吧也都有自己的客戶群。而且我必須承認，對于一個不怎么喜歡酒吧的人來說，我也去過不少各種各樣的酒吧。
26．A【精析】本題考查短語詞義辨析。after all畢竟，說到底；in addition加之，另外；as a result結(jié)果；for example例如。此句是說，無論如何，酒吧都是應該男性喜歡去的地方，但是不知怎么回事，我卻很失望。根據(jù)前后句的語氣，A符合題意。 27．A【精析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。favorite最喜歡的；proper恰當?shù)?；formal正式的；exclusive獨一無二的。根據(jù)文意，酒吧應該是男性最喜歡去的地方，故選A。 28．B【精析】本題考查介詞詞義辨析。此旬意思為男性可以邊喝啤酒邊喝朋友聊天，over可以表示“邊…邊…”。例如：Why don’t we talk a-bout it over a cup of coffee．我們邊喝咖啡邊聊天吧。所以選B。 29．C【精析】本題考查動詞詞義辨析。form形成；influence影響；occupy占據(jù)；trouble惹麻煩。根據(jù)句子意思，男性在酒吧里可以談論足球，賽馬或者任何想到的事情，故選C。 30．D【精析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。lawful合法的；meaningful有意義的；impressive印象深刻的；respectable值得尊敬的。根據(jù)原文意思，D選項最符合題意。 31．A 【精析】本題考查動詞詞義辨析。accompany陪同；comfort安慰；encourage鼓勵；support支持。此處是說女性單獨去酒吧不太體面，需要有人陪同，故選A。 32．D【精析】本題考查上下文語義的銜接。此處是說女性得有男性陪同時去酒吧才比較合適，因此作者不怎么喜歡酒吧。根據(jù)前后句的語氣關(guān)系，D選項最符合題意。 33．C【精析】本題考查動詞詞義辨析。force強迫；enable使…有能力；intend計劃，目的；claim聲稱；be intended to表示以…為目的，故選擇C。 34．A【精析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。此處是說，酒吧主要是為男性而設(shè)計的，沒有考慮女性，因此目的比較狹隘。narrow狹隘的；noble高貴的；practical實用的；personal個人的。故選A。 35．D【精析】本題考查副詞詞義辨析。also也；hence因此；yet還；only只。此處是說，酒吧以男性為服務對象，對女性不公平；不好的結(jié)果就是讓我想起以前的各種經(jīng)歷，故選擇D。 36．B【精析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。existence存在；experience經(jīng)歷；interest興趣；incident事件。在學校或者軍隊，是一種經(jīng)歷，故選擇B。 37．C【精析】本題考查上下文語義的銜接。naturally自然而然地；normally正常地；obviously顯而易見地；oddly奇怪地。此處是說我覺得酒吧令人失望，但是每個英國人家附近都會有一家酒吧，而且大家都愛酒吧，所以大部分人都覺得酒吧很好。對比之下，我明顯屬于少數(shù)覺得酒吧不令人滿意的人，故選C。 38．C【精析】本題考查上下文意義推理和詞義辨析。男性到酒吧里應該是逃避工作和家庭帶來的壓力。need需求；objective目標；pressure壓力；requirement要求，故選C。 39．D【精析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。這里是說男性到酒吧里逃避壓力帶來的煩惱，有時候可以和漂亮的女服務聊天，屬于比較幸運的事情。所以比較四個選項，只有D選項合適，故選D。 40．B【精析】本題考查連詞詞義辨析。still仍然；indeed事實上；thus因此；nevertheless然而。根據(jù)上下文的語氣indeed最符合原文意思，故選擇B。 41．B【精析】本題考查前后語義連貫。此處是說很多男性夢想辭掉無聊的工作，自己開酒吧，成為派對的主人。decorate表示裝修；buy表示購買；design表示設(shè)計；visit表示拜訪，故選B。 42．A 【精析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。host主人；member成員；servant仆人；sponsor贊助者。根據(jù)題意，應該是應該男性夢想成為派對的主人，故選A。 43．D【精析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。辭掉工作自己開酒吧，一個星期舉辦七次派對活動，對于大部分男性來說，不是一件切合實際的事情，只能是一種夢想。hobby嗜好；project項目；habit習慣；dream夢想，故選D。 44．D【精析】本題考查動詞詞義辨析。recognize辨認出；remember記得；believe相信；admit承認。根據(jù)上下文推理，作者應該是承認盡管自己不喜歡酒吧，但是去的次數(shù)也很多，故選D。 45．C【精析】本題考查動詞的固定搭配。spend time in／on表示把時間花在(做)某事上面，故選C。 第三部分閱讀理解
Part A Text 1 參考譯文 加州大學洛杉礬分校醫(yī)療中心的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，帶著狗拜訪心臟病患者12分鐘可以降低病人24％的焦慮感，相比之下，人單獨來看望病人可以降低病人10％的焦慮感，沒有探訪者的病人的焦慮感不會降低。 對76名病人進行的研究結(jié)果在上周德克薩斯州達拉斯市舉辦的美國心臟協(xié)會年度會議上展示出來。這項研究由寵物信托基金會贊助，此基金會為非營利性組織，其宗旨是促進人類與動物的互動，加強兩者之間的聯(lián)系。此研究將帶著狗一起去看望病人的效果與僅有人去探病的效果以及沒有探訪者自己休息的病人康復結(jié)果相對比。監(jiān)控病人的心理壓力并且在探訪者來之前和離開之后詢問病人一些問題，評估病人的焦慮感程度。盡管臨界的壓力值也有所降低，表明心臟功能有所改善，但是最突出的反應是焦慮水平的變化。 “最先注意到的是病人的表情變成了笑臉，他們的壓力似乎都得以釋放。”研究人員Kathy Cole說道，“心臟病患者很容易出現(xiàn)沮喪和絕望感，只要在醫(yī)院住三個晚上就足以讓病人感到焦慮不安。在拜訪當中，這些毛茸茸的朋友可以躺在病人旁邊，頭離病人的頭只有兩英尺遠。大部分的病人會拍拍寵物狗的頭，有些病人會和探訪者一起談論寵物狗。” 研究中用的狗是經(jīng)過特殊訓練的協(xié)助治療的狗，它們都經(jīng)過一系列的訓練、評估和認證以認定它們具備成為輔助治療狗的資格。狗的種類各不相同。研究人員使用了各種各樣的狗，包括伯爾尼山地狗和小髯狗。但是，狗不需要經(jīng)過特殊訓練也可以給人類帶來平靜。事實上，狗以外的其他動物也可以對病人有幫助作用。“只要那個動物對病人有意義，或者和病人有一定的關(guān)系，都可以讓病人心安?！盋ole這樣說。 46．A【精析】細節(jié)題。題干意為“從文中可以得知，心臟病患者從以下哪個當中獲益?”從第一段中“…with a dog…anxiety levels by 24 percent in a heart…”可以得知，帶著狗一起看病人，會使病人的焦慮感降低24％。因此帶著寵物看病人對患者最有好處，故選A。 47．B【精析】推理題。題干意為“研究表明，對于心臟病患者來說 ?！睆牡谝欢蝺?nèi)容“… with a dog...anxiety levels by 24 percent in a heart…”來看帶著狗一起看病人，會使病人的焦慮感降低24％。因此和動物的接觸對心臟病人有好處，故選B。 48．B【精析】推理題。題干意為“根據(jù)Cole的說法，病人表情的變化說明哪一點?”前兩段詳細陳述了帶著狗去看病人的好處，第三段第一句就提到病人表情的變化，可以推斷，在與動物接觸之后，病人的心理壓力變小，故選B。 49．C【精析】細節(jié)題。題干意為“Cole認為狗對于病人有幫助，其條件是 ?！睆奈恼伦詈笠痪洹癆s long as a dog has meaning to the patient…calm the patient．”可以得知，任何動物只要對于病人有意義，都有助于其病情的恢復，狗當然也不例外，故選C。 50．A【精析】概述題。題干意為“本文主要闡述了 ?”整篇文章主要講述了一項研究的結(jié)果，即帶著動物看病人對于患者有很大好處，故選A。
Text 2 參考譯文 從很多角度來看，Katsura Okiyama是一個典型的20多歲的日本女性。她喜歡和朋友一起而且喜歡迪士尼樂園。但是，與眾不同的地方是，她是一名作家。而且更特別的是，她的寫作工具是手機。 在日本，人們不僅僅用手機看小說，而且也用手機寫小說——上傳短信長度的章節(jié)到專門的網(wǎng)站上，然后又被數(shù)百萬手機用戶下載到手機上。最流行的會出版成書，銷量可達幾十萬冊。Katsura Okiyama第一部以書的形式出版的手機小說長達235頁?！拔矣X得我每天在兩個小時內(nèi)最多寫大概20頁，我?guī)缀跤昧艘粋€月時間寫這本書?！彼f道。 盡管她以前習慣于每天寫大概100條短信，但她從未想過用拇指打字讓她有機會成為作家。“我從未寫過小說，”她說，“我從未想過真正的小說應該是什么樣的，可能這也是我成功的原因吧?！? “手機小說在日本被那些渴望被傾聽的年輕一代日本人創(chuàng)造并消費?！眾蕵奉檰朖ohn Possman這樣說，“它是真正的流行文化，已經(jīng)成為了一項大產(chǎn)業(yè)，使得銷量已經(jīng)連續(xù)十年下降的出版行業(yè)不得不作出調(diào)整?！?但是，個體的聲音很難被聽到。媒體認為手機小說的語言簡單并且充滿了表情圖像——代表不同的態(tài)度和情感的符號。對話和描述過于稀少，小說的主題總是愛情。典型的情節(jié)就是女主角失去初戀，后來努力地重新獲得一份愛情。 “這些故事通常用第一人稱描述并且缺乏多樣性。”Possman這樣認為。但是這一點對于讀者來說并不是一個問題?！澳銥槭裁床粚懕靖袆游业男≌f呢?” 一名憤怒的女學生在網(wǎng)上貼出這樣的信息，這是她對激烈反對手機小說的人的一個回應。目前為止，日本的文學界還沒有給出答案。 51．A【精析】細節(jié)題。題干意為“在日本，手機小說作家 ?”文章第二段“…uploading SMS-length chapters to specialist…”介紹了日本讀者通過短信的形式把手機小說上傳到專門的網(wǎng)站上，然后被網(wǎng)友下載，因此是一點點的把故事上傳到網(wǎng)上。故選A。 52．D【精析】細節(jié)題。題干意為“Katsura Okiyama認為她能夠?qū)懶≌f主要是因為 ?”根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句話“I never had the idea of how a real novel should be，so that might be why I could do it．”可知，她認為自己成功的出版小說的原因，恰恰是她自己從未想過真正小說的樣子，即她沒有受到傳統(tǒng)文學的影響。故選D。 53．C【精析】推斷題。題干意為“根據(jù)John Possman可知，日本出版社 ?”由文章第四段 “…shaking up a publishing industry whose sales have been declining for a decade．”可知出版業(yè)的銷量在不斷地減少，故選c。 54．C【精析】細節(jié)題。題干意為“根據(jù)文章可知手機小說 ?！睆奈恼伦詈笠欢蔚牡谝痪淇芍謾C小說通常用第一人稱描述并缺乏多樣性，故選C。 55．A【精析】推理題。題干意為“從文中可推斷日本的文學界不能 ?！蔽恼伦詈笠欢沃?，有女學生在網(wǎng)上提出來“why don’t you write a novel and move me?”你為什么不寫本感動我的小說?文學界沒有給出回應，沒有解決他們與手機小說讀者直接的爭端，故選A。
Text 3 參考譯文 太多人害怕失敗。我們很多人都因為怕失敗而不敢嘗試新事物，總是告訴自己我們不擅長這些新事物。有些人把自己的目標僅僅局限在自己擅長做的事情上。還有一些人嘗試一下新事物，如果失敗的話，就認定自己不適合這條路。 這真是一種不幸。從很多優(yōu)秀科學家的觀點來看，失敗沒有什么可怕的。他們認為失敗不僅僅是不可避免的而且是一個不可或缺的盟友。諾貝爾化學獎獲得者John Polanyi說：“在實驗室里失敗是一件好事。如果你實驗的每個東西都是成功的，那就說明你在打安全牌；你沒有去冒險。失敗說明你在學習。問一個科學家有沒有失敗過就像是問藝術(shù)家有沒有畫草圖一樣。答案是‘無數(shù)次’，這就是成功的代價?！?失敗不是成功的反面而更像是成功的組成部分。在好萊塢每年都會有數(shù)千個新的電視節(jié)目的創(chuàng)意被推出，但是只有秀的一部分才有機會被搬上熒屏，更不用說在第一季中成功的生存下來了。在現(xiàn)實生活中，在嘗試新事物時失敗的次數(shù)要高于成功的次數(shù)。 Nina Spencer是一名勵志演講家和Geaing Passion out of Your Profession的作者。她喜歡提醒聽眾，每當我們嘗試新技能的時候，都會經(jīng)歷四個階段?！伴_始是你不了解這個技能；因為不了解，所以不擅長。最后你會了解這個技能，但是沒有能力去做。接下來，只要你認真思考，你就可以運用這個技能。最后，由于實踐次數(shù)很多，做起來也變得容易了。”訣竅就在于：在第二階段時不要放棄。 總而言之，成功的種子總是在失敗的土壤中茁壯成長。正如現(xiàn)代汽車電子點火系統(tǒng)的發(fā)明者和200項專利持有者Charles Kettering曾經(jīng)所說的：“失敗，反復的失敗，是成功路上的指示牌——每一次失敗都是向成功的一次靠近?！? 56．D【精析】推理題。題干意為“根據(jù)John Polanyi可知，一個看起來一直成功的人實際上可能 ?！备鶕?jù)文章第二段“If everything you try is very successful，it means that you are playing it safe”來看，John Polanyi認為在實驗室里如果從沒有失敗過，說明我們打的是安全牌，沒有去冒險。因此一個看起來似乎很成功的人，其實是一個不敢于冒險的人，也就是一個太謹慎小心的人，故選D。 57．B【精析】推理題。題干意為“好萊塢的例子說明要成功，你應該 ?！贝颂幰院萌R塢為例，每年在好萊塢都會有幾千個節(jié)目創(chuàng)意，但是只有一小部分能夠被搬上熒屏。這說明大部分的創(chuàng)意都會失敗，因此想取得成功，失敗是必不可少的，故選B。 58．A【精析】推理題。題干意為“當開始嘗試新事物的時候，人們應該意識到 是自然的?！睆奈恼聝?nèi)容來看，失敗是不可避免的經(jīng)歷，同時也是成功的盟友，在嘗試新事物的時候要反復試驗，堅持不懈，故選A。 59．B【精析】細節(jié)題。題干意為“根據(jù)Nina Spencer所說可知：獲得新技能的關(guān)鍵在于 ?！卑凑誑ina的觀點，嘗試新事物的時候要分四個階段，“the secret is not to give up at stage two．”最重要的秘訣就是在第二階段的時候不能放棄，故選B。 60．A【精析】概述題。題干意為“本文作者想告訴人們不要 ?！睆奈恼聝?nèi)容來看，作者不斷通過各種例子和名人的告誡提醒讀者，失敗并不可怕，失敗在成功的道理上是不可避免的，我們不能懼怕失敗，逃避失敗。故選A。
Part B 參考譯文 Charles Swecker： 感謝你在文章當中提到了正確的培養(yǎng)更好的學生的方法。作為一名教育工作者，我肯定可以代表其他人這樣說：在家被父母鼓勵學習的孩子在班里的表現(xiàn)會更好。學校一直都在努力讓大家明白這一點。想象一下，優(yōu)秀的老師加上有學習動力和學習渴望的學生。這是一個多完美的世界! Sandy Simonson： 你所描述的學生有積極的態(tài)度；他們愿意靠自己努力學習。因此他們付出的努力會有良好的成效。但是我的兒子卻難以做到這點。他們看父母讀書，聽父母讀書。我們鼓勵并且贊揚他們付出的真實努力。但是最關(guān)鍵的是，我兒子會滿足于盡可能地少去努力，直到有什么引發(fā)了他們的熱情，帶給他們動力。 Bridget Boyle： 父母應該這樣做，以便讓孩子成為更好的學生：關(guān)掉電視；在房間里擺滿書。玩耍，閱讀，旅行然后再和孩子一起多讀書。如果閱讀成為他們在家最主要的娛樂方式，孩子們會愛上書?？吹剿麄冏约涸诳磿腋械介_心。關(guān)掉電視是我們做過的一件事。 Deborah Curtin： 你的報告讓我們對小天才們的生活有所了解，但是沒有人把這些孩子變成優(yōu)秀學生。很明顯，他們?nèi)魏我粋€人都可以完成任何任務；每一個人都可以單獨和一箱子書呆在一起然后自學。不過，你確實讓我更加相信我的理念：大部分的老師只能向天生的尖子生傳達信息。當然了，也有一些優(yōu)秀的老師，不過他們也無法克服我們體制的缺陷。 Alan Holman： 我不認為學生的成功取決于分數(shù)。我剛剛完成我第二部長度適中的舞臺劇劇本，并且將會在我的高中演出。我也在《哈姆雷特》當中扮演一個角色。除了這些很棒的成績，我的考試分數(shù)真的很差。我把更多的注意力放在興趣上而不是學校，通過這樣做，我其實已經(jīng)在取得一定的成功。所以，分數(shù)不代表一切。 61．D【精析】主旨題。Charles Swecker認為“…parents who encourage learning at home．．．have kids…a higher level in class．”可以得知，鼓勵孩子學習的家長，會把孩子變成一個更好的學生，故選D。 62．G 【精析】主旨題。Sandy Simonson以自己的孩子為例“…until something fires them up from within…as little as possible．”說明如果孩子沒有內(nèi)在學習的動力和熱情，就會在學習方面偷懶，不愿意付出努力，故選G。 63．B【精析】主旨題。Bridget Boyle的建議是“turn off the television，fill every room with books把電視關(guān)掉，每個房間里都擺滿書”，經(jīng)常陪孩子一起讀書，因此他提倡讓孩子養(yǎng)成讀書的習慣，故選B。 64．F【精析】主旨題。Deborah Curtin認為“…the life of young genius，but nobody made these kids better student”可知文章當中的小天才們都很優(yōu)秀，但是他們不是被任何人培養(yǎng)出來的天才，而是天生就有學習的動力，因此他們是天生的學習者，故選F。 65．A【精析】主旨題。Alan Holman認為自己雖然考試分數(shù)很差，但是自己會寫劇本而且會演戲，因此分數(shù)并沒有那么重要；而且“marks alan’t everything．”分數(shù)并非代表一切，故選A。 第四部分寫作
PartA 66．【高分范文】 Dear Sir, I saw your notice about the lost bag on your web-site. It so happened that I lost my bag at Spring Hill Park on 11 th, April. I was walking my dog in the park and ran into an old friend. We had a little chat in the central pavilion and I forgot to take my bag when we left. It was a medium-sized white female bag. Inside the bag there were a memo with my name on the front page, a dressing case, a pack of tissue and a copy of Readers' Digest. I am expecting your reply soon. Thank you.
Wang Lin
【寫作點金】 此篇屬應用文文體，是發(fā)給對方的一封電子郵件。首先應該注意電子郵件的格式，電子郵件的格式和傳統(tǒng)書信類似，但是更簡單，只需要有稱呼，正文和落款；其次要注意正文部分的寫作層次：文章的開頭就要說明寫信的目的；然后要說明自己丟包的具體時間和地點；再次應該對自己丟的包進行外觀描述并且詳細陳述包里所裝物品，失物招領(lǐng)處工作人員核對信息。最后要注意表明希望盡快得到回復并且表示感謝。 【高頻詞句】 It happened that… 碰巧 walk my d09 遛狗 rurl int0 偶遇 have a chat 聊天 dressing case 化妝盒 a pack of 一包 a copy of 一本
Part B 67．【高分范文】
Ways of Going to Work
This table shows the ways of people in a big city going to work between the year of 2007 and 2011. Ac-cording to the table, the number of people traveling in private cars and by subway increases from 2007 to 2011. In contrast, fewer people travel by bus or by bike in the year of 2011. The reason for the changes can be summed up as follows: Firstly, private cars are cheaper than before. The income of urban citizens has increased while private cars are becoming cheaper. More people can afford to buy their own cars. Secondly, more subway lines are in operation. It is convenient and cheap to travel by subway. Therefore, more people choose to go to work by subway than be-fore. Since more people drive their own cars or by sub- way, fewer people go to work by bus or by bike accordingly.
【寫作點金】 這是一篇圖表描述作文。首先應該敘述圖表描述的內(nèi)容，即主題；其次應該對圖表當中出現(xiàn)的數(shù)據(jù)進行說明和對比，找出數(shù)據(jù)的突出變化并且加以對比；最后應該對圖表中所反映的數(shù)據(jù)變化的原因進行分析、總結(jié)。 【高頻詞句】 according to 根據(jù) the number of 數(shù)量 in contrast 對比之下 afford to 負擔得起 in operation 運行中 choose to 選擇做某事
26、 A．After all B．In addition C．As a result D．For example
27、 A．favorite B．proper C．formal D．exclusive
28、 A．by B．over C．upon D．to
29、 A．forms B．influences C．occupies D．troubles
30、 A．lawful B．meaningful C．impressive D．respectable
31、 A．a(chǎn)ccompany B．comfort C．encourage D．support
32、 A．how B．when C．where D．why
33、 A．forced B．enabled C．intended D．claimed
34、 A．narrow B．noble C．practical D．personal
35、 A．a(chǎn)lso B．hence C．yet D．only
36、 A．existence B．experience C．interest D．incident
37、 A．naturally B．normally C．obviously D．oddly
38、 A．needs B．objectives C．pressures D．requirements
39、 A．careful B．honest C．doubtful D．lucky
40、 A．Still B．Indeed C．Thus D．Nevertheless
41、 A．decorating B．buying C．designing D．visiting
42、 A．host B．member C．servant D．sponsor
43、 A．hobby B．project C．habit D．dream
44、 A．recognize B．remember C．believe D．a(chǎn)dmit
45、 A．found B．recovered C．spent D．saved SECTION III Reading Comprehension Part A(40 minutes)
根據(jù)下列材料，請回答46-60題： Text 1 Researchers at UCLA Medical Center in Los Angeles, California found that a 12-minute bed-side visit with a dog can help ease anxiety levels by 24 percent in heart failure patients, compared to a 10 percent drop when patients had a visit from a human volunteer, and no drop in patients who had no visit. Results of the 76-patient study were presented last week at the American Heart Association' s annual Scientific Sessions in Dallas, Texas. The study was funded by the Pet Care Trust Founda-tion, a non-profit organization which promotes human-animal interaction and bonding. In the stud-y, effects of dog and volunteer visits were compared with those of volunteers only, and with patients who had no visits and remained at rest. Heart pressures were monitored and patients were asked to answer a list of anxiety assessment questions before and after the visits. Although critical pressure measures also decreased, suggesting improved cardiac function, the most marked response was seen in anxiety levels. "The first thing you notice is that the patient' s facial expression ,changes to a smile and the stress of the world seems to be lifted off their shoulders," study author Kathy Cole said. Feelings of depression and helplessness are common among heart patients, Cole said, and just three nights in a hospital is enough to make some patients feel anxious and unsettled. During the visit, the furry friend is allowed to lie on the bed next to the patient with its head within two feet of the patient' s. Most patients petted the dog, while others engaged human volunteers in conversation about the dog. Dogs used in the study are specially trained animal-assisted therapy dogs that undergo a series of trainings, evaluations and certifications to qualify as therapy dogs. Dog breeds varied. Research-ers used everything from Bernese mountain dogs to small schnauzers. However, a dog doesn't have to be specially trained to have a calming effect on its human counterparts. In fact, the animal doesn' t even have to be a dog in order to help. "As long as the animal has meaning to the patient, or a relationship with the patient, it can help calm the patient," Cole said.
46、We learn from the text that heart patients benefit most from visits A．by a volunteer with a dog B．by a volunteer on his own C．by a well-trained dog alone D．by a non-profit organization
47、 The study shows that, for heart patients, A．their anxiety is reduced if they stay longer in hospital B．their contact with animals improves their condition C．their heart pressure decreases if they remain at rest D．their recovery relies on contact with animals
48、 According to Cole, the change of patients' facial expression indicates that A．they are happy with the experiment B．they are psychologically comforted C．their hospitalization may be shortened D．their heart function is returning to normal
49、 Cole believes that dogs are helpful to the patients if A．they are limited to certain breeds B．they are specially trained ones C．they have meaning to them D．they stay with them all day
50、 This report focuses on A．the healing power of animals B．the treatment of heart disease C．the relationship between dogs and humans D．the promotion of human-animal interaction 根據(jù)下列材料，請回答51-65題： Text 2 In many respects, Katsura Okiyama is a typical Japanese woman in her 20s. She enjoys spend-ing time with her friends and loves Disney. But, less typically, she is a writer. And, quite excep-tionally, her medium is a cell phone. In Japan, not only are people reading novels on their cell phones; they're also writing novels with them--uploading SMS-length chapters to specialist websites where they are in turn downloaded to the phones of millions of readers. The most popular are printed as books and sell in the hundreds of thousands. In book form, K, Okiyama' s first cell-phone novel, is 235 pages long. "I think I was writing 20 pages in two hours per day at the most, and it took me almost a month," she says. Although she was used to writing around 100 text messages daily, Okiyama never expected that thumbing her keypad would enable her to become one of the country' s hot new writers. "I had never written a story," she says. "I never had the idea of how a real novel should be, so that might be why I could do it. " "Cell-phone novels are created and consumed by a generation of young people in Japan that demands to be heard," says John Possman, an entertainment consultant. "It is truly pop culture. It has also become big business, shaking up a publishing industry whose sales have been declining for a decade. " Individual voices are hard to find, however. As dictated by the medium, the language of cell-phone novels is simple and peppered with emoticons--signs that represent various attitudes or emo-tions. Dialogue and description are scarce. Subject matter is always the same. Typically, a heroine loses her first love and then later struggles to find love again. "The stories are often told in the first person and lack diversity," agrees Possman. But that hasn't been a problem with consumers yet. "Why don't you write a novel and move me?" read one angry schoolgirl' s recent online post, in response to a fierce opponent of cell-phone novels. So far, Japan' s literary establishment hasn' t come up with an answer.
51、In Japan, cell-phone writers A．upload their stories bit by bit to websites B．pay to have their novels printed as books C．spend almost one month to finish a novel D．send SMS-length texts to readers'phones
52、 According to Katsura Okiyama, she is able to write because A．she has an insight into literature B．she has training in storytelling C．she is skilled in text messaging D．she is free from literary rules
53、 According to John Possman, the Japanese publishing industry A．is pushed forward by the pop culture B．is strengthened by cell-phone novels C．has been shrinking for many years D．has been creating a generation of young readers
54、 We learn from the text that cell-phone novels" A．feature moving dialogues B．have different writing styles C．lack variety in subject matter D．encourage readers to read others
55、 It can be inferred that Japan' s literary establishment can' t A．settle the dispute between the two sides B．compete with cell-phone novels C．a(chǎn)dapt to the new technologies D．change their writing styles 根據(jù)下列材料，請回答56-70題： Text 3 Too many people fear failure. Some of us let it keep us from trying new things, telling ourselves we' d be no good at it. Some limit our goals to only what we feel absolutely sure we can accomplish. Others among us try something once and when it doesn't work out, we decide that course is not for us.That' s unfortunate because, according to many top scientists, failure is nothing to fear. Not only is it inevitable, they say, it is even an indispensable ally. "In the research lab," says John Polanyi, the Nobel prize-winning chemist," failure is a good thing. If everything you try is very successful, it means you' re playing it safe; you' re not out on the edge. Failure means that you' re learning. To ask a scientist whether he has experienced failure is like asking an artist whether he has ever made a sketch. The answer is, ' a million times. ' That is the price of success. " Failure is not the opposite of success. It' s more like an ingredient. In Hollywood, thousands of ideas for new TV shows are pitched each year, but only a select few get to the screen, let alone survive their first season. In real life, misses outnumber hits whenever people try something new.Nina Spencer, a motivational speaker and author of Getting Passion out of Your Profession, likes to remind audiences that whenever we try a new skill, we go through four stages. "There' s the point when you don' t know about the skill, and because you don' t know about it, you' re no good at it. Eventually, you come to know about the skill, but you' re incompetent to perform it. Then, as long as you think carefully and go slowly, you can do it. Eventually, it becomes so practiced, it' s easy. " The secret is not to give up at stage two. In short, the seeds of success almost always flourish best in the well-turned soil of failure. As Charles Kettering, inventor of the modem electric ignition system for cars and the holder of nearly 200 patents, once said, "failures, repeated failures, are finger-posts on the road to achievements-- one fails forward towards success. "
56、According to John Polany, a seemingly all-time successful person may in fact A．be very adventurous B．be very competitive C．be very sensitive D．be very cautious
57、 The Hollywood example is used to show that to succeed you should A．a(chǎn)void mistakes B．live with failures C．a(chǎn)void competition D．live with new ideas
58、 When it comes to trying new things, people should know it is natural that A．success results from trial and error B．they might miss something important C．success requires safety guarantees D．they will hit more than they miss
59、 According to Nina Spencer, the key to acquiring a new skill lies in A．practice B．persistence C．competence D．performance
60、 The writer of the text wants to tell people not to A．be frightened by failure B．repeat the same failure C．underestimate failure D．be misled by failure SECTION III Reading Comprehension Part B(40 minutes)
根據(jù)下列材料，請回答61-65題： Charles Swecker: Thank you for getting it right in your articles on how to make a better student. As an educator, I' m sure I speak for others in saying parents who encourage learning at home ultimately have kids who perform at a higher level in class. School systems have been trying to get that message out for years. Imagine, excellent teachers working with students who have a drive and desire to learn. What a perfect world!
Sandy Simonson: The students you pictured have positive attitudes; they expect to work hard on their own. Con-sequently, the effort they put in produces positive results. But my sons are different. They see their parents read. They were read to at home. We' ve encouraged and praised the genuine efforts they' ve made. But the bottom line for my sons is that until something fires them up from within, they are content to do as little work as possible.
Bridget Boyle : Parents should do these things to make their child a better student: turn off the television. Fill every room with books. Play, read, travel, and then read some more with your kids. If reading be-comes the primary form of entertainment in the home, youngsters will turn to books. It was my pleasure to catch them reading on their own. Killing our television was the best thing we ever did.
Deborah Curtin: Your report provided a glimpse into the life of young geniuses, but nobody made these kids better students. Each one can obviously grasp any task. Each could have been left in a box with a book and would have ended up self-taught. You did, however, confirm my belief that most teachers are only capable of communicating information to ready-made A students. Of course, there are a few good teachers, but they cannot overcome the defective system we have.
Alan Holman: I don' t think that the success of students really depends on marks. I just finished writing my second average-length stage play, which is going to bc produced at my high school. And I' m also playing a part in Hamlet. Despite all these really great things, my marks in school are really bad. I pay more attention to my hobbies than to school, and it' s actually getting mc somewhere. So marks aren't everything.
Now match the name of each person (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements. Statements A．Grades cannot fully reflect the whole picture of a student. B．Try your best to make your children habitual readers. C．Tolerant parents are sure to shape successful children. D．Parents' encouragement helps to improve children' s performance at school. E．Schooling is very different from educating. F． Good students are actually not made but born. G．Students cannot become better at school unless theyare self-driven. 61、Charles Swecker 62、 Sandy Simonson 63、 Bridget Boyle 64、 Deborah Curtin 65、 Alan Holman SECTION IV Writing Part A(40 minutes) 66、You have read the following notice about a lost handbag. As you have lost your bag, you want to contact the Lost and Found office to know if the bag is yours.
Write an email to the Lost and Found office, telling about: 1) when and where you lost your bag; 2) what your bag is like and what is in it. You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your email. Use "Wang Lin" instead.
SECTION IV Writing Part B(40 minutes) 67、Below is a table showing the percentages of people in a big city going to work in different ways in 2007 and 2011. Look at the table closely and write an essay of about 120 words making reference to the following points: 1) the difference between the two years in the ways of people going to work; 2) the possible reasons for the difference. 參考答案及精析
第一部分聽力理解 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．D 14．C 15．A 16．D 17．C 18．D 19．C 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B
【聽力部分錄音材料】 Part A 1. M: Good evening. My name is Tom Smith, may I know your name? W: My name is Mary Class on. M: Mary, would you care to dance? W: I' d love to, but I have to be off with something important to do. 2. M: We' d better start to eat onions frequently, Linda. W: But you hate onions, don't you? M: Until I learned from a report from today' s paper that they protect people from flu and colds. After all, compared with health, taste is not so important. 3. W: When do you think that I can go home, Doctor Smith? M: Well, you came in on Monday and today is Friday. I say that you could probably leave tomorrow. But you should stay at home and not go back to work too soon. 4. M: Laura, I ran into David today. W: Really? Did he say anything about his sister? M: Yes. She should be leaving London very soon because her husband has taken a job in Paris. 5. M : Do you have a driver' s license? W: No. I am going to take the test in a couple of weeks. M: Didn't you drive in your own country? W: Yes. But I have to be more skilled. M: And you have to study the traffic rules too. 6. M: Let' s back up. Where was I? W: You were talking about your trip to South Africa.I bet you had a great time. M: Yes, we did. In fact, you know what we en-countered. W: A long-last friend? M: Come on ! A lion. 7. W: When do you usually go to the bank, John? M: Anytime I have to. Why did you ask? W: You' d better avoid Friday mornings. I' m reading an interesting book these days. And it says most robberies happen on Friday mornings. 8. W : What do you think of your father? M: Oh, he was the first stable male figure in my life. The best attribute a parent can have is con-sistency. When he said he would be there at 3 o'clock, he was there. That meant more to me than anything. 9. M: How do you like your new room, Jane? W: It' s not big; the rent is high. And I' m far away from work. But I enjoy myself very much. M : Why? W : I am able to get rid of that annoying roommate at last. 10. M: Our flight will be delayed by 6 hours. That means it won' t be leaving until 3:30 in the afternoon. W: What shall we do in the meantime? M: Let' s find some seats in the quiet part of the terminal to take a nap. W: Good idea. I am pretty tired.
Part B Questions 11 ~ 13 W: Wow, look at the line. It' s worse than I expected. We are lucky we got here an hour earlier. Or else we will definitely have had problems getting tickets. I'm glad we made the effort to come early. M: Me too. I learned my lesson the last time I went to a new film. I didn' t arrive early enough and ended up with a terrible seat all the way in the front row. Believe me, it was one of the worst movie experiences ever. W: Yeah. I hate sitting in the first row. M: By the way, it was really nice of you to get this ticket for me. Why don' t I show you a bit of appreciation by getting you a drink? W: That would be great. M: OK. What kind of soda do you want? W : Let me see. I' ll take a large coke. Thanks a lot. M: I' d better get going. You hold my place and I' ll be back really quick. Oh, I almost forget. I' d better hold on to my ticket in case you get let in before I get back. If that happens, just save me a seat and I'll meet you inside. W: OK. It' s a plan.
Questions 14 ~ 17 W: You two are quite different. How did your company put you two together as a team? M: At first, they wanted to hear our harmony. We sang to them and they really liked to. So they decided that it would be best to put us together as a group. W: What are some of the distinctive features of your music? M: We have a variety of different songs; we have four different styles: soft rock, slow music, love songs and country music. But we are most at home with soft rock. I really like our voices merged together and I like how it sounds. Actually, there is a song called Studying. Our company really likes the song because it represents our voice. W: What would you like to bring to the audience through your music? M : I' d like to recommend our first song to everyone. The name of the song is Believe. The main idea we want to share is that we want to tell everyone you have to believe in yourself before people can believe in you. Actually we want to bring our music to everyone and make everyone happy. Music is something all around you. You can listen to music and you can feel what the music says.
Questions 18 ～ 21 W: I don' t think Poppas is right for this position. M: I agree. He' s got experience as a computer operator but he has very little training in programming. What about Anderson? W: I like him. He seems very enthusiastic and he knows a lot about programming. M: That' s true. Do you think he is dependable enough, though? He' s already had two different jobs this year. He might work for a couple of months and then decide to leave. W: I suppose so. But his last supervisor wrote a three-page letter of recommendation. He says Anderson is an excellent programmer. M: He probably is. But we don' t want him to leave after we' ve spent a lot of time training him. Actually, I think Logan is the best candidate. W: She hash' t worked since she got married, hash' t she ? M: She' s been taking care of her family. But she is really devoted. W: Oh, yes. The letter from her principal says she did a wonderful job. Do you think she' ll be a good programmer? M: I bet she will. She has an excellent letter of recommendation from her teacher at the institute she attended. W: That' s true. M: And Logan seems more professional. She was well-dressed and seemed to have a very positive attitude about working for us.
Questions 22 ～ 25 M: Well, what do you think is the reason most people do so badly at reaching goals? W: They lose focus. Everybody' s life is busy. There is so much happening in everybody' s life. That what happens is they might have a goal and then something will get in the way of that. Maybe their goal is that they want to go on a holiday every year and they put in their leave form with their boss and their boss may ask them to wait for another month and then for another month. That is, so different things get in their way and people don' t stand up for their goals. They don' t struggle for them. They let other forces push them around a little bit. Also, a lot of people don' t set goals ; they think they do. But it' s either a dream of very loose goal. So when they have to make a decision about a necessary action in their life the goal is so far back in their mind that they don' t act in its best interest. Also because people will sit down and say "oh, here are my goals" and forget all about them. Revisiting them every week is a good way. They stay at the top of your mind so you can take actions based on them. 第二部分英語知識運用
第一節(jié)單項填空 參考譯文 我不知道為什么英國的酒吧讓我感到失望，畢竟酒吧是英國男性最喜歡的聚會場所，在那里，他們可以和朋友聚會，一起喝啤酒、討論足球或者賽馬，抑或談生意或者任何他們腦子里想的事情。請注意酒吧是英國男性喜歡的聚會場所而不是英國女性。即使在今天這個自由的時代，女性單獨去酒吧也不是一件值得人尊重的行為，必須有個男性陪同并且保護她才好?；蛟S這也是酒吧讓我覺得失望的部分原因：它們主要是為男性的喜好而設(shè)的。這一點相當狹隘。我認為這種男性主導的氛圍只會讓我想起以前在學校的經(jīng)歷，或者是部隊里的經(jīng)歷。這兩個都是我不想再次體驗的。 但是我肯定屬于少數(shù)派。大多數(shù)英國人居住的附近都有酒吧，他們可以在那里擺脫來自家庭生活或者工作的壓力，如果幸運的話，還可以向酒吧里漂亮的服務員傾訴煩心事。其實很多人男士都夢想辭去朝九晚五的工作，盤下一間小的鄉(xiāng)村酒吧，他們設(shè)想自己可以在那兒一個星期連續(xù)開七天的派對。當他們想到凌晨一點要清理酒吧里到處潑灑的啤酒時，這種夢想就破滅了。 不過，每個男人都能找到自己喜歡的酒吧，每個酒吧也都有自己的客戶群。而且我必須承認，對于一個不怎么喜歡酒吧的人來說，我也去過不少各種各樣的酒吧。
26．A【精析】本題考查短語詞義辨析。after all畢竟，說到底；in addition加之，另外；as a result結(jié)果；for example例如。此句是說，無論如何，酒吧都是應該男性喜歡去的地方，但是不知怎么回事，我卻很失望。根據(jù)前后句的語氣，A符合題意。 27．A【精析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。favorite最喜歡的；proper恰當?shù)?；formal正式的；exclusive獨一無二的。根據(jù)文意，酒吧應該是男性最喜歡去的地方，故選A。 28．B【精析】本題考查介詞詞義辨析。此旬意思為男性可以邊喝啤酒邊喝朋友聊天，over可以表示“邊…邊…”。例如：Why don’t we talk a-bout it over a cup of coffee．我們邊喝咖啡邊聊天吧。所以選B。 29．C【精析】本題考查動詞詞義辨析。form形成；influence影響；occupy占據(jù)；trouble惹麻煩。根據(jù)句子意思，男性在酒吧里可以談論足球，賽馬或者任何想到的事情，故選C。 30．D【精析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。lawful合法的；meaningful有意義的；impressive印象深刻的；respectable值得尊敬的。根據(jù)原文意思，D選項最符合題意。 31．A 【精析】本題考查動詞詞義辨析。accompany陪同；comfort安慰；encourage鼓勵；support支持。此處是說女性單獨去酒吧不太體面，需要有人陪同，故選A。 32．D【精析】本題考查上下文語義的銜接。此處是說女性得有男性陪同時去酒吧才比較合適，因此作者不怎么喜歡酒吧。根據(jù)前后句的語氣關(guān)系，D選項最符合題意。 33．C【精析】本題考查動詞詞義辨析。force強迫；enable使…有能力；intend計劃，目的；claim聲稱；be intended to表示以…為目的，故選擇C。 34．A【精析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。此處是說，酒吧主要是為男性而設(shè)計的，沒有考慮女性，因此目的比較狹隘。narrow狹隘的；noble高貴的；practical實用的；personal個人的。故選A。 35．D【精析】本題考查副詞詞義辨析。also也；hence因此；yet還；only只。此處是說，酒吧以男性為服務對象，對女性不公平；不好的結(jié)果就是讓我想起以前的各種經(jīng)歷，故選擇D。 36．B【精析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。existence存在；experience經(jīng)歷；interest興趣；incident事件。在學校或者軍隊，是一種經(jīng)歷，故選擇B。 37．C【精析】本題考查上下文語義的銜接。naturally自然而然地；normally正常地；obviously顯而易見地；oddly奇怪地。此處是說我覺得酒吧令人失望，但是每個英國人家附近都會有一家酒吧，而且大家都愛酒吧，所以大部分人都覺得酒吧很好。對比之下，我明顯屬于少數(shù)覺得酒吧不令人滿意的人，故選C。 38．C【精析】本題考查上下文意義推理和詞義辨析。男性到酒吧里應該是逃避工作和家庭帶來的壓力。need需求；objective目標；pressure壓力；requirement要求，故選C。 39．D【精析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。這里是說男性到酒吧里逃避壓力帶來的煩惱，有時候可以和漂亮的女服務聊天，屬于比較幸運的事情。所以比較四個選項，只有D選項合適，故選D。 40．B【精析】本題考查連詞詞義辨析。still仍然；indeed事實上；thus因此；nevertheless然而。根據(jù)上下文的語氣indeed最符合原文意思，故選擇B。 41．B【精析】本題考查前后語義連貫。此處是說很多男性夢想辭掉無聊的工作，自己開酒吧，成為派對的主人。decorate表示裝修；buy表示購買；design表示設(shè)計；visit表示拜訪，故選B。 42．A 【精析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。host主人；member成員；servant仆人；sponsor贊助者。根據(jù)題意，應該是應該男性夢想成為派對的主人，故選A。 43．D【精析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。辭掉工作自己開酒吧，一個星期舉辦七次派對活動，對于大部分男性來說，不是一件切合實際的事情，只能是一種夢想。hobby嗜好；project項目；habit習慣；dream夢想，故選D。 44．D【精析】本題考查動詞詞義辨析。recognize辨認出；remember記得；believe相信；admit承認。根據(jù)上下文推理，作者應該是承認盡管自己不喜歡酒吧，但是去的次數(shù)也很多，故選D。 45．C【精析】本題考查動詞的固定搭配。spend time in／on表示把時間花在(做)某事上面，故選C。 第三部分閱讀理解
Part A Text 1 參考譯文 加州大學洛杉礬分校醫(yī)療中心的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，帶著狗拜訪心臟病患者12分鐘可以降低病人24％的焦慮感，相比之下，人單獨來看望病人可以降低病人10％的焦慮感，沒有探訪者的病人的焦慮感不會降低。 對76名病人進行的研究結(jié)果在上周德克薩斯州達拉斯市舉辦的美國心臟協(xié)會年度會議上展示出來。這項研究由寵物信托基金會贊助，此基金會為非營利性組織，其宗旨是促進人類與動物的互動，加強兩者之間的聯(lián)系。此研究將帶著狗一起去看望病人的效果與僅有人去探病的效果以及沒有探訪者自己休息的病人康復結(jié)果相對比。監(jiān)控病人的心理壓力并且在探訪者來之前和離開之后詢問病人一些問題，評估病人的焦慮感程度。盡管臨界的壓力值也有所降低，表明心臟功能有所改善，但是最突出的反應是焦慮水平的變化。 “最先注意到的是病人的表情變成了笑臉，他們的壓力似乎都得以釋放。”研究人員Kathy Cole說道，“心臟病患者很容易出現(xiàn)沮喪和絕望感，只要在醫(yī)院住三個晚上就足以讓病人感到焦慮不安。在拜訪當中，這些毛茸茸的朋友可以躺在病人旁邊，頭離病人的頭只有兩英尺遠。大部分的病人會拍拍寵物狗的頭，有些病人會和探訪者一起談論寵物狗。” 研究中用的狗是經(jīng)過特殊訓練的協(xié)助治療的狗，它們都經(jīng)過一系列的訓練、評估和認證以認定它們具備成為輔助治療狗的資格。狗的種類各不相同。研究人員使用了各種各樣的狗，包括伯爾尼山地狗和小髯狗。但是，狗不需要經(jīng)過特殊訓練也可以給人類帶來平靜。事實上，狗以外的其他動物也可以對病人有幫助作用。“只要那個動物對病人有意義，或者和病人有一定的關(guān)系，都可以讓病人心安?！盋ole這樣說。 46．A【精析】細節(jié)題。題干意為“從文中可以得知，心臟病患者從以下哪個當中獲益?”從第一段中“…with a dog…anxiety levels by 24 percent in a heart…”可以得知，帶著狗一起看病人，會使病人的焦慮感降低24％。因此帶著寵物看病人對患者最有好處，故選A。 47．B【精析】推理題。題干意為“研究表明，對于心臟病患者來說 ?！睆牡谝欢蝺?nèi)容“… with a dog...anxiety levels by 24 percent in a heart…”來看帶著狗一起看病人，會使病人的焦慮感降低24％。因此和動物的接觸對心臟病人有好處，故選B。 48．B【精析】推理題。題干意為“根據(jù)Cole的說法，病人表情的變化說明哪一點?”前兩段詳細陳述了帶著狗去看病人的好處，第三段第一句就提到病人表情的變化，可以推斷，在與動物接觸之后，病人的心理壓力變小，故選B。 49．C【精析】細節(jié)題。題干意為“Cole認為狗對于病人有幫助，其條件是 ?！睆奈恼伦詈笠痪洹癆s long as a dog has meaning to the patient…calm the patient．”可以得知，任何動物只要對于病人有意義，都有助于其病情的恢復，狗當然也不例外，故選C。 50．A【精析】概述題。題干意為“本文主要闡述了 ?”整篇文章主要講述了一項研究的結(jié)果，即帶著動物看病人對于患者有很大好處，故選A。
Text 2 參考譯文 從很多角度來看，Katsura Okiyama是一個典型的20多歲的日本女性。她喜歡和朋友一起而且喜歡迪士尼樂園。但是，與眾不同的地方是，她是一名作家。而且更特別的是，她的寫作工具是手機。 在日本，人們不僅僅用手機看小說，而且也用手機寫小說——上傳短信長度的章節(jié)到專門的網(wǎng)站上，然后又被數(shù)百萬手機用戶下載到手機上。最流行的會出版成書，銷量可達幾十萬冊。Katsura Okiyama第一部以書的形式出版的手機小說長達235頁?！拔矣X得我每天在兩個小時內(nèi)最多寫大概20頁，我?guī)缀跤昧艘粋€月時間寫這本書?！彼f道。 盡管她以前習慣于每天寫大概100條短信，但她從未想過用拇指打字讓她有機會成為作家。“我從未寫過小說，”她說，“我從未想過真正的小說應該是什么樣的，可能這也是我成功的原因吧?！? “手機小說在日本被那些渴望被傾聽的年輕一代日本人創(chuàng)造并消費?！眾蕵奉檰朖ohn Possman這樣說，“它是真正的流行文化，已經(jīng)成為了一項大產(chǎn)業(yè)，使得銷量已經(jīng)連續(xù)十年下降的出版行業(yè)不得不作出調(diào)整?！?但是，個體的聲音很難被聽到。媒體認為手機小說的語言簡單并且充滿了表情圖像——代表不同的態(tài)度和情感的符號。對話和描述過于稀少，小說的主題總是愛情。典型的情節(jié)就是女主角失去初戀，后來努力地重新獲得一份愛情。 “這些故事通常用第一人稱描述并且缺乏多樣性。”Possman這樣認為。但是這一點對于讀者來說并不是一個問題?！澳銥槭裁床粚懕靖袆游业男≌f呢?” 一名憤怒的女學生在網(wǎng)上貼出這樣的信息，這是她對激烈反對手機小說的人的一個回應。目前為止，日本的文學界還沒有給出答案。 51．A【精析】細節(jié)題。題干意為“在日本，手機小說作家 ?”文章第二段“…uploading SMS-length chapters to specialist…”介紹了日本讀者通過短信的形式把手機小說上傳到專門的網(wǎng)站上，然后被網(wǎng)友下載，因此是一點點的把故事上傳到網(wǎng)上。故選A。 52．D【精析】細節(jié)題。題干意為“Katsura Okiyama認為她能夠?qū)懶≌f主要是因為 ?”根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句話“I never had the idea of how a real novel should be，so that might be why I could do it．”可知，她認為自己成功的出版小說的原因，恰恰是她自己從未想過真正小說的樣子，即她沒有受到傳統(tǒng)文學的影響。故選D。 53．C【精析】推斷題。題干意為“根據(jù)John Possman可知，日本出版社 ?”由文章第四段 “…shaking up a publishing industry whose sales have been declining for a decade．”可知出版業(yè)的銷量在不斷地減少，故選c。 54．C【精析】細節(jié)題。題干意為“根據(jù)文章可知手機小說 ?！睆奈恼伦詈笠欢蔚牡谝痪淇芍謾C小說通常用第一人稱描述并缺乏多樣性，故選C。 55．A【精析】推理題。題干意為“從文中可推斷日本的文學界不能 ?！蔽恼伦詈笠欢沃?，有女學生在網(wǎng)上提出來“why don’t you write a novel and move me?”你為什么不寫本感動我的小說?文學界沒有給出回應，沒有解決他們與手機小說讀者直接的爭端，故選A。
Text 3 參考譯文 太多人害怕失敗。我們很多人都因為怕失敗而不敢嘗試新事物，總是告訴自己我們不擅長這些新事物。有些人把自己的目標僅僅局限在自己擅長做的事情上。還有一些人嘗試一下新事物，如果失敗的話，就認定自己不適合這條路。 這真是一種不幸。從很多優(yōu)秀科學家的觀點來看，失敗沒有什么可怕的。他們認為失敗不僅僅是不可避免的而且是一個不可或缺的盟友。諾貝爾化學獎獲得者John Polanyi說：“在實驗室里失敗是一件好事。如果你實驗的每個東西都是成功的，那就說明你在打安全牌；你沒有去冒險。失敗說明你在學習。問一個科學家有沒有失敗過就像是問藝術(shù)家有沒有畫草圖一樣。答案是‘無數(shù)次’，這就是成功的代價?！?失敗不是成功的反面而更像是成功的組成部分。在好萊塢每年都會有數(shù)千個新的電視節(jié)目的創(chuàng)意被推出，但是只有秀的一部分才有機會被搬上熒屏，更不用說在第一季中成功的生存下來了。在現(xiàn)實生活中，在嘗試新事物時失敗的次數(shù)要高于成功的次數(shù)。 Nina Spencer是一名勵志演講家和Geaing Passion out of Your Profession的作者。她喜歡提醒聽眾，每當我們嘗試新技能的時候，都會經(jīng)歷四個階段?！伴_始是你不了解這個技能；因為不了解，所以不擅長。最后你會了解這個技能，但是沒有能力去做。接下來，只要你認真思考，你就可以運用這個技能。最后，由于實踐次數(shù)很多，做起來也變得容易了。”訣竅就在于：在第二階段時不要放棄。 總而言之，成功的種子總是在失敗的土壤中茁壯成長。正如現(xiàn)代汽車電子點火系統(tǒng)的發(fā)明者和200項專利持有者Charles Kettering曾經(jīng)所說的：“失敗，反復的失敗，是成功路上的指示牌——每一次失敗都是向成功的一次靠近?！? 56．D【精析】推理題。題干意為“根據(jù)John Polanyi可知，一個看起來一直成功的人實際上可能 ?！备鶕?jù)文章第二段“If everything you try is very successful，it means that you are playing it safe”來看，John Polanyi認為在實驗室里如果從沒有失敗過，說明我們打的是安全牌，沒有去冒險。因此一個看起來似乎很成功的人，其實是一個不敢于冒險的人，也就是一個太謹慎小心的人，故選D。 57．B【精析】推理題。題干意為“好萊塢的例子說明要成功，你應該 ?！贝颂幰院萌R塢為例，每年在好萊塢都會有幾千個節(jié)目創(chuàng)意，但是只有一小部分能夠被搬上熒屏。這說明大部分的創(chuàng)意都會失敗，因此想取得成功，失敗是必不可少的，故選B。 58．A【精析】推理題。題干意為“當開始嘗試新事物的時候，人們應該意識到 是自然的?！睆奈恼聝?nèi)容來看，失敗是不可避免的經(jīng)歷，同時也是成功的盟友，在嘗試新事物的時候要反復試驗，堅持不懈，故選A。 59．B【精析】細節(jié)題。題干意為“根據(jù)Nina Spencer所說可知：獲得新技能的關(guān)鍵在于 ?！卑凑誑ina的觀點，嘗試新事物的時候要分四個階段，“the secret is not to give up at stage two．”最重要的秘訣就是在第二階段的時候不能放棄，故選B。 60．A【精析】概述題。題干意為“本文作者想告訴人們不要 ?！睆奈恼聝?nèi)容來看，作者不斷通過各種例子和名人的告誡提醒讀者，失敗并不可怕，失敗在成功的道理上是不可避免的，我們不能懼怕失敗，逃避失敗。故選A。
Part B 參考譯文 Charles Swecker： 感謝你在文章當中提到了正確的培養(yǎng)更好的學生的方法。作為一名教育工作者，我肯定可以代表其他人這樣說：在家被父母鼓勵學習的孩子在班里的表現(xiàn)會更好。學校一直都在努力讓大家明白這一點。想象一下，優(yōu)秀的老師加上有學習動力和學習渴望的學生。這是一個多完美的世界! Sandy Simonson： 你所描述的學生有積極的態(tài)度；他們愿意靠自己努力學習。因此他們付出的努力會有良好的成效。但是我的兒子卻難以做到這點。他們看父母讀書，聽父母讀書。我們鼓勵并且贊揚他們付出的真實努力。但是最關(guān)鍵的是，我兒子會滿足于盡可能地少去努力，直到有什么引發(fā)了他們的熱情，帶給他們動力。 Bridget Boyle： 父母應該這樣做，以便讓孩子成為更好的學生：關(guān)掉電視；在房間里擺滿書。玩耍，閱讀，旅行然后再和孩子一起多讀書。如果閱讀成為他們在家最主要的娛樂方式，孩子們會愛上書?？吹剿麄冏约涸诳磿腋械介_心。關(guān)掉電視是我們做過的一件事。 Deborah Curtin： 你的報告讓我們對小天才們的生活有所了解，但是沒有人把這些孩子變成優(yōu)秀學生。很明顯，他們?nèi)魏我粋€人都可以完成任何任務；每一個人都可以單獨和一箱子書呆在一起然后自學。不過，你確實讓我更加相信我的理念：大部分的老師只能向天生的尖子生傳達信息。當然了，也有一些優(yōu)秀的老師，不過他們也無法克服我們體制的缺陷。 Alan Holman： 我不認為學生的成功取決于分數(shù)。我剛剛完成我第二部長度適中的舞臺劇劇本，并且將會在我的高中演出。我也在《哈姆雷特》當中扮演一個角色。除了這些很棒的成績，我的考試分數(shù)真的很差。我把更多的注意力放在興趣上而不是學校，通過這樣做，我其實已經(jīng)在取得一定的成功。所以，分數(shù)不代表一切。 61．D【精析】主旨題。Charles Swecker認為“…parents who encourage learning at home．．．have kids…a higher level in class．”可以得知，鼓勵孩子學習的家長，會把孩子變成一個更好的學生，故選D。 62．G 【精析】主旨題。Sandy Simonson以自己的孩子為例“…until something fires them up from within…as little as possible．”說明如果孩子沒有內(nèi)在學習的動力和熱情，就會在學習方面偷懶，不愿意付出努力，故選G。 63．B【精析】主旨題。Bridget Boyle的建議是“turn off the television，fill every room with books把電視關(guān)掉，每個房間里都擺滿書”，經(jīng)常陪孩子一起讀書，因此他提倡讓孩子養(yǎng)成讀書的習慣，故選B。 64．F【精析】主旨題。Deborah Curtin認為“…the life of young genius，but nobody made these kids better student”可知文章當中的小天才們都很優(yōu)秀，但是他們不是被任何人培養(yǎng)出來的天才，而是天生就有學習的動力，因此他們是天生的學習者，故選F。 65．A【精析】主旨題。Alan Holman認為自己雖然考試分數(shù)很差，但是自己會寫劇本而且會演戲，因此分數(shù)并沒有那么重要；而且“marks alan’t everything．”分數(shù)并非代表一切，故選A。 第四部分寫作
PartA 66．【高分范文】 Dear Sir, I saw your notice about the lost bag on your web-site. It so happened that I lost my bag at Spring Hill Park on 11 th, April. I was walking my dog in the park and ran into an old friend. We had a little chat in the central pavilion and I forgot to take my bag when we left. It was a medium-sized white female bag. Inside the bag there were a memo with my name on the front page, a dressing case, a pack of tissue and a copy of Readers' Digest. I am expecting your reply soon. Thank you.
Wang Lin
【寫作點金】 此篇屬應用文文體，是發(fā)給對方的一封電子郵件。首先應該注意電子郵件的格式，電子郵件的格式和傳統(tǒng)書信類似，但是更簡單，只需要有稱呼，正文和落款；其次要注意正文部分的寫作層次：文章的開頭就要說明寫信的目的；然后要說明自己丟包的具體時間和地點；再次應該對自己丟的包進行外觀描述并且詳細陳述包里所裝物品，失物招領(lǐng)處工作人員核對信息。最后要注意表明希望盡快得到回復并且表示感謝。 【高頻詞句】 It happened that… 碰巧 walk my d09 遛狗 rurl int0 偶遇 have a chat 聊天 dressing case 化妝盒 a pack of 一包 a copy of 一本
Part B 67．【高分范文】
Ways of Going to Work
This table shows the ways of people in a big city going to work between the year of 2007 and 2011. Ac-cording to the table, the number of people traveling in private cars and by subway increases from 2007 to 2011. In contrast, fewer people travel by bus or by bike in the year of 2011. The reason for the changes can be summed up as follows: Firstly, private cars are cheaper than before. The income of urban citizens has increased while private cars are becoming cheaper. More people can afford to buy their own cars. Secondly, more subway lines are in operation. It is convenient and cheap to travel by subway. Therefore, more people choose to go to work by subway than be-fore. Since more people drive their own cars or by sub- way, fewer people go to work by bus or by bike accordingly.
【寫作點金】 這是一篇圖表描述作文。首先應該敘述圖表描述的內(nèi)容，即主題；其次應該對圖表當中出現(xiàn)的數(shù)據(jù)進行說明和對比，找出數(shù)據(jù)的突出變化并且加以對比；最后應該對圖表中所反映的數(shù)據(jù)變化的原因進行分析、總結(jié)。 【高頻詞句】 according to 根據(jù) the number of 數(shù)量 in contrast 對比之下 afford to 負擔得起 in operation 運行中 choose to 選擇做某事