2016職稱英語(yǔ)《綜合類》概括大意與完成句子訓(xùn)練4
閱讀下面的短文，每篇短文后的練習(xí)分兩部分，第一部分要求從所給的選項(xiàng)里選出所標(biāo)段落的段落標(biāo)題；第二部分要求根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容用所給的選項(xiàng)來(lái)完成句子。
Earthquake
Every year earthquakes are responsible for a large number of deaths and a vest amount of destruction in various parts of the world. Most of these damaging earthquakes occur either in a narrow belt which surrounds the Pacific Ocean or in a line which extends from Burma to the Alps in Europe. Some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself. An example of this is the collapse of buildings as a result of the quake itself. Other damage results from landslides or major fires which are initiated by the quake.
There are about a million quakes a year. Fortunately,however,not all of them are destructive. The intensity of an earthquake is measured on the Richter Scale,which goes from 0 upward. The highest scale recorded to date is 8.9. Major damage generally occurs from quakes ranging upwards from 6.0.
The actual cause of the quake itself is the breaking of rocks at or below the earth s surface. This is produced by pressure which scientists believe may be due to a number of reasons,two of which are the expansion and contraction of the earth s crust and continental drift.
In order to limit the damage and to prevent some of the suffering resulting from earthquakes,scientists are working on ways to enable accurate prediction. Special instruments are used to help people record,for example,shaking of the earth. Scientists are trying to find methods that will enable them to indicate the exact time,location and size of an earthquake.
Certain phenomena have been observed which are believed to be signs of imminent earthquakes. These include strange behaviors of some animals,the changes in the content of mineral water,etc. The magnetic properties of rocks may also display special pattern before major earthquakes happen.
EXERCISE：
1、Paragraph 2_____.
2、Paragraph 3_____.
3、Paragraph 4_____.
4、Paragraph 5_____.
A.Earthquakes forecast
B.Historical records of earthquakes
C.Intensities of earthquakes
D.Cause of earthquakes
E.Indications of earthquakes
F.Damaging earthquakes
5、Not all damage during an earthquake is caused ____.
6、Not all earthquakes are strong enough ___.
7、Scientists have been working hard to warn people ___.
8、Earthquakes can be predicted by observing ___.
A.by the quake itself
B.not be prevented
C.to cause damage of property and loss of lives
D.of a possible earthquake
E.the unusual behaviors of some animals
F.the strong behaviors of human beings
KEY： C D A E A C D E
the Alps：阿爾卑斯山
landslide：滑坡
the Richter Scale：里氏震級(jí)
The highest scale recorded to date is 8.9.迄今為止記錄到的震級(jí)為8.9級(jí)。to date ：迄今 為止；到此為止。
答案與題解：
C.本段k述在里氏震級(jí)表上反映出來(lái)的不同震級(jí)。
D.本段簡(jiǎn)述了地震的起因。
A.本段介紹了科學(xué)家為預(yù)報(bào)地震所做的一些工作。
E.本段介紹了震前可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)的一些異常情況。
A.句中的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)…is caused提示可能會(huì)跟一個(gè)by短語(yǔ)。
C.形容詞加上enough后面常會(huì)跟一個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式，文中第二段也講到有些地震震級(jí)不高,不會(huì)造成重大破壞和傷亡。
D.動(dòng)詞warn后面或跟against，或跟of，警告別人將有事情發(fā)生。
E動(dòng)詞observing后面應(yīng)該有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)選一個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)。人類的行為變化跟地震并 沒(méi)f關(guān)系，因此F不是正確的選項(xiàng)。
譯文：
地震
每年在世界各地，地震都會(huì)造成大量人員的傷亡和建筑物的毀壞。這些具有破壞性的地震大 多發(fā)生在太平洋周圍的一個(gè)狹窄的區(qū)域內(nèi)，或者在從緬甸延伸到歐洲的阿爾卑斯山脈的一條直線 上。有些破壞是由地震本身造成的。比如房屋的倒塌就是地震本身引起的。其他損壞則來(lái)自于地 震引起的滑坡或大火。
每年大約有100萬(wàn)次地震。然而，幸運(yùn)的是并非所有的地震都有破壞性。地震的強(qiáng)度按照里 氏震級(jí)測(cè)定，它從零往上升。迄今為止，記錄到的震級(jí)為8. 9級(jí)。大的破壞一般是6.0級(jí)以 上的地震造成的。
地震的真實(shí)起因是地球表面或內(nèi)部巖石的斷裂。這是由壓力所造成的，科學(xué)家相信壓力的形 成有很多原因，其中的兩個(gè)原因是地殼的擴(kuò)張和收縮以及大陸的漂移。
為了減小損害，使人們免受地震之苦，科學(xué)家們正尋找精確預(yù)測(cè)的方法。比如，一些特殊的 儀器被用來(lái)記錄地球的震動(dòng)。科學(xué)家們正努力尋找辦法以便使他們能夠指出地震確切的時(shí)間、位 置和強(qiáng)度。
人們已觀察到了一些現(xiàn)象，認(rèn)為它們是地震即將到來(lái)的標(biāo)志。它們包括某些動(dòng)物的奇怪行為、 水里礦物質(zhì)含量的改變等。大震前巖石的磁性也會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出特殊的狀態(tài)。
閱讀下面的短文，每篇短文后的練習(xí)分兩部分，第一部分要求從所給的選項(xiàng)里選出所標(biāo)段落的段落標(biāo)題；第二部分要求根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容用所給的選項(xiàng)來(lái)完成句子。
Earthquake
Every year earthquakes are responsible for a large number of deaths and a vest amount of destruction in various parts of the world. Most of these damaging earthquakes occur either in a narrow belt which surrounds the Pacific Ocean or in a line which extends from Burma to the Alps in Europe. Some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself. An example of this is the collapse of buildings as a result of the quake itself. Other damage results from landslides or major fires which are initiated by the quake.
There are about a million quakes a year. Fortunately,however,not all of them are destructive. The intensity of an earthquake is measured on the Richter Scale,which goes from 0 upward. The highest scale recorded to date is 8.9. Major damage generally occurs from quakes ranging upwards from 6.0.
The actual cause of the quake itself is the breaking of rocks at or below the earth s surface. This is produced by pressure which scientists believe may be due to a number of reasons,two of which are the expansion and contraction of the earth s crust and continental drift.
In order to limit the damage and to prevent some of the suffering resulting from earthquakes,scientists are working on ways to enable accurate prediction. Special instruments are used to help people record,for example,shaking of the earth. Scientists are trying to find methods that will enable them to indicate the exact time,location and size of an earthquake.
Certain phenomena have been observed which are believed to be signs of imminent earthquakes. These include strange behaviors of some animals,the changes in the content of mineral water,etc. The magnetic properties of rocks may also display special pattern before major earthquakes happen.
EXERCISE：
1、Paragraph 2_____.
2、Paragraph 3_____.
3、Paragraph 4_____.
4、Paragraph 5_____.
A.Earthquakes forecast
B.Historical records of earthquakes
C.Intensities of earthquakes
D.Cause of earthquakes
E.Indications of earthquakes
F.Damaging earthquakes
5、Not all damage during an earthquake is caused ____.
6、Not all earthquakes are strong enough ___.
7、Scientists have been working hard to warn people ___.
8、Earthquakes can be predicted by observing ___.
A.by the quake itself
B.not be prevented
C.to cause damage of property and loss of lives
D.of a possible earthquake
E.the unusual behaviors of some animals
F.the strong behaviors of human beings
KEY： C D A E A C D E
the Alps：阿爾卑斯山
landslide：滑坡
the Richter Scale：里氏震級(jí)
The highest scale recorded to date is 8.9.迄今為止記錄到的震級(jí)為8.9級(jí)。to date ：迄今 為止；到此為止。
答案與題解：
C.本段k述在里氏震級(jí)表上反映出來(lái)的不同震級(jí)。
D.本段簡(jiǎn)述了地震的起因。
A.本段介紹了科學(xué)家為預(yù)報(bào)地震所做的一些工作。
E.本段介紹了震前可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)的一些異常情況。
A.句中的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)…is caused提示可能會(huì)跟一個(gè)by短語(yǔ)。
C.形容詞加上enough后面常會(huì)跟一個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式，文中第二段也講到有些地震震級(jí)不高,不會(huì)造成重大破壞和傷亡。
D.動(dòng)詞warn后面或跟against，或跟of，警告別人將有事情發(fā)生。
E動(dòng)詞observing后面應(yīng)該有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)選一個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)。人類的行為變化跟地震并 沒(méi)f關(guān)系，因此F不是正確的選項(xiàng)。
譯文：
地震
每年在世界各地，地震都會(huì)造成大量人員的傷亡和建筑物的毀壞。這些具有破壞性的地震大 多發(fā)生在太平洋周圍的一個(gè)狹窄的區(qū)域內(nèi)，或者在從緬甸延伸到歐洲的阿爾卑斯山脈的一條直線 上。有些破壞是由地震本身造成的。比如房屋的倒塌就是地震本身引起的。其他損壞則來(lái)自于地 震引起的滑坡或大火。
每年大約有100萬(wàn)次地震。然而，幸運(yùn)的是并非所有的地震都有破壞性。地震的強(qiáng)度按照里 氏震級(jí)測(cè)定，它從零往上升。迄今為止，記錄到的震級(jí)為8. 9級(jí)。大的破壞一般是6.0級(jí)以 上的地震造成的。
地震的真實(shí)起因是地球表面或內(nèi)部巖石的斷裂。這是由壓力所造成的，科學(xué)家相信壓力的形 成有很多原因，其中的兩個(gè)原因是地殼的擴(kuò)張和收縮以及大陸的漂移。
為了減小損害，使人們免受地震之苦，科學(xué)家們正尋找精確預(yù)測(cè)的方法。比如，一些特殊的 儀器被用來(lái)記錄地球的震動(dòng)。科學(xué)家們正努力尋找辦法以便使他們能夠指出地震確切的時(shí)間、位 置和強(qiáng)度。
人們已觀察到了一些現(xiàn)象，認(rèn)為它們是地震即將到來(lái)的標(biāo)志。它們包括某些動(dòng)物的奇怪行為、 水里礦物質(zhì)含量的改變等。大震前巖石的磁性也會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出特殊的狀態(tài)。