第2篇：Cigars instead
    Smoking one or two cigars a day doubles the risk of cancers of the lip，tongue，mouth and throat，according to a government study．
    Daily cigars also increase the risk of lung cancer and cancer of the esophagus，and increase the risk of cancer of the larynx(voicebox) sixfold，say researchers at the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda，Maryland．
    In addition，the report revealed that smoking three or four cigars a day increased the risk of oral cancer to 8.5 times the risk for nonsmokers and the risk of esophageal cancer by four times the risk of nonsmokers．
    The health effects of smoking cigars is one of eight sections of the article“Cigars：Health Effects and Trends．”The researchers report that，compared with a cigarette，a large cigar emits up to 90 times as much carcinogenic tobacco．specific nitrosamines．
    “This article provides clear and invaluable information about the disturbing increase0 in
    cigar use and the significant public health consequences。for the country，”said Dr．Richard
    Klausner，director of the National Cancer Institute，in a statement．
    “The data are clear—the harmful substances and carcinogens in cigar smoke．1ike
    cigarettes，are associated with。the increased risks of several kinds of cancers as well as heart and lung diseases，”he added．“In other words，cigars are not safe alternatives to cigarettes and may be addictive．”
    “To those individuals who may be thinking about smoking cigars,our advice is—don’t．To those currently smoking cigars，quitting is the only way to eliminate completely the cancer，heart and lung disease risks，”warned Klausner．
    According to a National Cancer Institute press release, there haven’t been any studies on the health effects on nonsmokers at cigar social events．but“…a significant body of evidence clearly demonstrates an increased lung cancer risk from secondhand smoke．’’
    詞匯：
    cigar／n．雪茄煙
    double／vt．使加倍，把……增一倍
    esophagus／n．食管
    larynx／n．喉
    esophageal／adj．食管的
    emit／vt．發(fā)出，射出，散發(fā)
    carcinogenic／adj．致癌的
    nitrosamine／n．亞硝胺
    invaluable／adj．非常寶貴的，無價(jià)的
    carcinogen／n．致癌物
    alternative／n．供替代的抉擇
    addictive／adj．(使人)上癮的， (使人)入迷的
    eliminate／vt．排除，消除，根
    除
    練習(xí)：
    1．According co the report．smoking three or four cigars a day
    A)increases the risk of oral cancer for non-smokers．
    B)greatly increases the risk of oral cancer for smokers．
    C)increases the risk of more than one cancer for non-smokers，
    D)greatly increases the risk of more than one cancer for smokers．
    2．In the passage how many cancers are mentioned in relation to smoking cigars daily?
    A)Six．
    B)Seven．
    C)Eight．
    D)Nine．
    3．What is the main idea of the article“Cigars：Health Effects and Trends”?
    A)When it comes to cancer，cigars are not any safer than cigarettes．
    B)Cigars may be addictive while cigarettes are not easily so．
    C)Cigars contain less harmful substances than cigarettes．
    D)Increase in cigar-smoking does not affect public health much．
    4．What is the doctors’advice to those cigar-smokers?
    A)To give it up completely．
    B)To give up part of it．
    C)Not to think about it any more．
    D)To cure the diseases first．
    5．In the context of this passage,“secondhand smoke”means
    A)smoking bad-quality cigars．
    B)smoking very cheap cigars．
    C)being near cigar smokers when they are not smoking．
    D)being near cigar smokers when they are smoking．
    答案分析：
    1.D 第三段中"smoking three or four cigars a day increased the risk of oral cancer to 8.5
    times the risk for nonsmokers and the risk of esophageal cancer by four times the risk of nonsmokers．"這是在談?wù)撐鼰熣呋及┌Y的可能性(與不吸煙者相比分別增加到8．5倍和4倍)。
    2.B 第一段中提到lip，tongue，mouth, throat四種，第二段中提到lung，esophagus，larynx
    三種，共七種，第三段中的oral是對(duì)lip，tongue，mouth等的統(tǒng)稱，不應(yīng)再算做一種。
    3.A 倒數(shù)第三段中的一句話概括了文章的中心，即"…cigars are not safe alternatives to
    cigarettes and may be addictive．"
    4.A 倒數(shù)第二段中醫(yī)生的建議是"To those currently smoking cigars．quitting is the only
    way to eliminate completely the cancer…"，即完全放棄。
    5. D 二手吸煙，即我們所說的被動(dòng)吸煙，最后一段中的"nonsmokers at cigar social
    events"提示了這一情骨。