Ⅰ. That's partially because it appears people who set realistic goals actually work more efficiently, and exert more effort, to achieve those goals.(2012. 06 閱讀 Text2)
    【翻譯】這一部分是因為設(shè)定實際一點的目標(biāo)的人為了達(dá)到那些目標(biāo)，實際上行事更有效率，付出的努力更多。
    【詞匯】1. partially adv. 部分地
    例：The driver was partially to blame for the accident.
    那個司機(jī)只對這場事故負(fù)部分責(zé)任。
    2. efficiently adv. 高效地
    例：It’s hard to work efficiently in such terrible environment.
    在這么差的環(huán)境里無法高效地工作。
    3. exert v.運用，發(fā)揮，努力，盡力
    例：Don’t exert yourself unnecessarily.
    不要做無謂的努力。
    Ⅱ. And yet, the same motivation that can push people to exert more effort in a constructive way could also motivate people to be more likely to engage in unethical behaviors. (2012. 06 閱讀 Text2)
    【翻譯】然而，能積極地推動人們更加努力的動機(jī)同樣也更有可能會促使人們做出一些不道德的行為。
    【詞匯】1. motivation n. 動機(jī)，刺激，推動力
    例：Money is their chief motivation.
    金錢是他們的主要推動力。
    2. motivate v. 刺激，激發(fā)(興趣或欲望)，推動
    例：What motivated you to do such a thing?
    是什么激發(fā)你做了這件事?
    3. constructive a. 建設(shè)性的，積極的
    例：We welcome constructive suggestions.
    我們歡迎有建設(shè)性的建議。
    4. unethical a. 不道德的
    例：Some people believe it is unethical to test a drug on animals.
    有些人認(rèn)為在動物身上測試藥物是不道德的。
    Ⅲ. A prime example Schweitzer and his colleagues cite is the 2004 collapse of energy-trading giant Enron, where managers used financial incentives to motivate salesmen to meet specific revenue goals. (2012. 06 閱讀 Text2)
    【翻譯】施韋澤和他的同事引用的一個重要例子，那就是2004年能源巨頭安然公司的垮臺。 他們的經(jīng)理曾經(jīng)用財務(wù)獎勵來刺激銷售員來達(dá)到具體的收益目標(biāo)。
    1. colleague n. 同事;同僚
    例：He is a colleague of mine.
    他是我的一個同事。
    2. collapse n. 崩潰， 瓦解，垮臺
    例：The floods caused the collapse of the bridge.
    洪水造成了大橋的垮塌。
    3. incentive n. 刺激，鼓勵
    例：Poverty is an incentive for him to work hard.
    貧窮是刺激他努力工作的因素。
    4. revenue n. 收益，稅收，收入
    例：Rent is a kind of revenue.
    房租是一種收入。