完形填空以考察動詞、名詞、形容詞和副詞為主,不僅涉及到對文章上下文語境的理解,更會考察對以上四類詞中近義詞的辨析。和大家分享2018年高考英語完形填空中涉及到的這四類高頻詞和一個牢記完形填空技巧、口訣總結出來,供同學們對比記憶!
高中英語完形填空學習口訣:
文章首句要重視,全篇理解有啟示。
記敘體裁為主體,通讀全文明意旨。
填空多是實意詞,四個選項巧設計,
詞類范疇必同一。確定佳靠邏輯,
字里行間找信息。個別填空借常識,
相近詞義細辨析,習慣用法靠記憶,
復讀反思再核實。
高中英語完形填空學習技巧:
1.充分利用首句信息
完形填空題首句往往不設空,往往是全文的關鍵句,或者稱為主導句,要充分利用完形填空題首句的提示作用,利用它為解題找到一個突破口,從而展開思維。
2.多角度的邏輯推理
完形填空題的解題過程首先是一個閱讀的過程,必須把握作者的思路,通過聯(lián)想、推測等方法,多換角度去思考問題,使自己的思維模式與作者的思維模式相吻合。
3.從上下文尋找線索
通讀全文,理順大意,根據(jù)上下文找出信息詞是做好完形填空題的關鍵。近年高考試題逐漸擯棄單純的語言分析考查,而越來越側重邏輯推理判斷。就空格而言,體現(xiàn)了以實詞為主、虛詞為輔的特點,而且?guī)缀醪槐┞睹黠@的語言錯誤,詞語在特定的語境中所表達的陷含信息大都無法只憑字面或單從個別句子甚至若干句子的表面理解獲知。因此,只有借助于上下文乃至全文語境的啟示或限定才能夠準確作出判斷。
高考英語完形填空中涉及到的這幾類高頻詞:
01 動詞
1.“看”:look; see; watch; observe; notice; catch sight of; stare; glare; glance; glimpse; see a film; watch TV
2. “說”:telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth; talk with sb about sth; say sth; speak in English; whisper sth to sb; inform sb of sth; reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth; bargain; chat; repeat; explain; warn; remind; discuss; debate; figure; declare; claim; mention; admit; deny; describe; announce; introduce; complain
3. “叫”:cry; call; shout; scream; moan; sigh; quarrel
4. “問”:ask; interview; express; question
5. “答”:answer; respond; reply
6. “聽”:listen to; hear; pick up; overhear
7. “笑”:smile; laugh; burst into laughter; burst out laughing
8. “哭”:cry; shed tears; weep; sob; burst into tears /burst out crying
9. “吃/喝”:eat/drink; sip; have a meal; have supper; toast; taste; treat sb to; help oneself to
10. “穿”:put on; wear; have on; be dressed in; make up; get changed; be in red; take off ; remove
11. “行”:walk ; run ; climb; jump; skip; slip; come/go; enter; move; drive; ride; fly; crawl
12. “坐”:sit down; be seated; seat oneself; take a seat,stand; lean
13. “睡/休息”:lie /on one’s back/on one's side/ on one’s stomach; stay in bed; have a rest; take a nap; be asleep; bend; turn over; rest
14. “寫”:dictate; write sth; describe; drop a line; draw; take down/write down
15. “拿/放”: take; bring; hold; carry; fetch; lif; put; lay; pull; push
16. “抓”:take hold of; seize; grasp; scratch
17. “打”:hit; beat; strike; blow; attack
18. “扔”:throw; drop; fall; wave; shake
19. “送”:send; deliver; give; offer; see off
20. “摸/抱”:ouch; fold; embrace; hug; hold; in one’s arms
21. “踢/碰”:kick; knock; tip
22. “找/查”:find; look for; find out; discover/explore; hunt for; search for;seek,seek for in search of; search sb; search sp. for sth; check; examine; test; inspect
23. “得”:get; obtain; acquire; gain; possess
24. “失”:lose; be lost /be missing/gone; great loss
25. “有”:have; own; conquer; occupy;possess
26. “無”:nothing left; the remaining thing; disappear; be missing /gone
27. “增/減”:rise / go up,drop; raise; bring down /reduce; increase/decrease
28. “買/賣”:buy; purchase; afford; pay; pay off ; pay for; sell; on sale; bargain; bill / cheque / cash/credit card/notes/coins; discounts
29. “存在/消失”:come into being; exist; appear; survive ; live; show; turn up; disappear; die; die out; pass away; be out of sight
30. “變化”:develop; improve ; become; grow; go+ bad /wrong/ sour;turn + colour; change /change into; reform
31. “成功/失敗”:make it; succeed; make progress; come true; realize one’s dream; win; lose; fail to do; defeat; suffer loss; beat; turn sth. into reality
32. “努力”:try /manage; make efforts; attempt ; do one's best; do as much as one can to do
33. 祝賀:congratulate sb. on sth.; celebrate; observe; get together
34. 敬佩:admire; respect; show respect for/to; adore; envy ;be jealousy
35. 贊美/批評:praise; think highly of; blame sb for sth; sb is to blame; criticize /scold sb. for sth.; have a low opinion of sb; speak ill of
36. 喜/惡:like; love; be fond of ; be keen on; be crazy about; adore; be into; prefer; enjoy; dislike hate; ignore
37. 到達:arrive at; reach; return to; get to; stay in sp.; visit; leave; leave for
38. 受傷:hurt ; injure; wound; cut; kill; drown; bleed; get burnt; suffer from; suffer a loss
39. 損壞:damage; destroy; ruin; break down; crash; be broken
40. 修復: repair; rebuild; restore; fix; recover oneself
41. “認識的過程” :feel; sense; guess; suppose; wonder; doubt; know /learn realize understand remember; be familiar with; recall; recite; apply to
42. 認為;判斷:think; believe; consider; find; feel; conclude; infer; doubt
43. 想/考慮:think of…as...; think about; consider; think over
44. 支持/反對:agree; disagree; accept; receive; refuse; turn down; be against; elect; vote for/ against
45. 花費:sth/doing sth+cost; sb+spend+ (in) doing sth; sb+afford +n/to do sth ; It +takes/took some time/ money/energy to do sth; sb pay some money for sth.
46. 省/存錢:save /save up; set aside; put away
47. 參加:take part in; join /join in; attend; compete in/ for/against
48. 控告:accuse sb. of; charge sb. with
49. 救治/幫助: help /help out; save /rescue sb from sth.; treat; cure sb. of sth; aid sb in doing sth / to do sth; help sb with sth;assist sb in doing sth
50. 逃避:run away; escape from; flee; hide
51. 阻止/禁止:prevent / keep/ stop sb. from doing sth; forbid doing sth.; ban; prohibit
52. 對付/處理:handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth ; solve; settle
53. 效仿:copy; imitate; learn from; learn
54. 爆發(fā)/發(fā)生:come about; happen to; take place; break out; burst out; go off; explode
55. 安裝/裝備:fasten; fix; set; equip; be armed with; be equipped with
56. 追求:pursuit; ran after; seek after; chase; catch up with; keep up with
57. 建議:advise; suggest; recommend; propose; urge; demand; persuade
58. 打算:plan / intend / design to do; be going to do /be about to do /will do
59. 似乎/好象:seem; appear; look like;as if /as though
60. 開辦/關閉:open; start; set up; close/close up; end; close down
02 名詞
1. 假期
vacation,holiday,spring break,leave,two days off
2. 旅游
trip,journey, tour,voyage, travel,tourist,passenger
3. 職務人員
clerk,secretary,passer-by friend,minister,manager,waitress,guest,host,hostess,assistant,customer,adult,neighbor,relative,patient,vet,staff,crew,nurse,teacher,conductor,tailor,sailor,inventor,gardener,guard
4. 餐館/定餐/就餐
inn,restaurant,kitchen,menu,bill,order,tip,fork and knife,reserve /book table,taste delicious,salad,vegetables,fruit,tray,napkin
5. 診所/看病/服藥
clinic,hospital,take one’s temperature,take medicine/pills,have a fever/flu/headache,doctor,physician,surgeon,specialist,patient
6. 車站/機場
airport,on board,miss the train/bus,catch a train,meet sb.
7. 身體部位
arm,head,hair,brain,waist,back,shoulder,pulse,wrist
8. 意志
will,courage,patience,determination,faith,effort,confidence,ambition,energy
9. 才能/品質
talent,gift,ability,potential,intelligent,promising,smart,stupid,careful,proud,strict,honest,cold,serious,easy-going,learned,knowledgeable
10. 優(yōu)缺點
advantage,disadvantage,strength,weakness,merit,drawback, strong point,shortcoming
11. 目標
aim,goal,intention,purpose,belief,faith
12. 方式
means,method,way,manner,approach
13. 身體素質
strong,weak,pale,sick,ill,well,slim,fit,cut weight,put on weight
14. 圖表
photo,picture,graph,drawing,table,line/bar graph, pie chart,draw a sketch(劃草圖)
15. 文章
reading,translation,essay,poem,paper,novel,fiction article,magazine,newspaper,journal,diary,files
16. 課堂
class,course,lecture,example,reason,message,notes,words,phrase,scholarship,degree,subject,question,trouble,difficulty,grades,comment,marks
17. 學校活動
match,game,activity,hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony
18. 建議/觀點
advice,suggestion,idea,proposal,view,recommandation
19. 氣候/天氣
climate,weather,storm,wind,cloud,rain,snow,hotness,coldness,heat,warmth
20. 交通
by train/bus /boat bike,on the train/bus /a bike,drive a car,ride a bike,give sb. a lift/ride
21. 習慣
habit,custom,practice(慣例)
22. 感覺
sight,hearing,touch,smell,taste,sense
23. 情感
feeling,emotion,anger,delight,sadness,sorrow
24. 財富
money,possessions,wealth,belongings,fortunes,treasure,diamond
25. 運動比賽
playground,track and filed,pitch,event,game,match,sports,player,coach,judge,jogging,weightlifting,volleyball,soccer
03 形容詞和副詞
1. immediate adj 立即的,立刻的,馬上
2. clear adj 清楚的,清晰的
3.cautious adj 小心翼翼的
4.vivid adj 生動的,逼真的
5.exactly adv ①確切地,精確地 ②恰好地,正好地 ③ (用于答語)完全正確。(的確這樣)
6.fortunately adv 幸運地
7.surprisingly adv 令人驚訝的
8.hardly adv 幾乎不
9.instead adv 代替,相反
10. properly adv 適當?shù)?;正確地;恰當?shù)?BR> 11. specially adv 專門
12.reliable adj 可靠的,可信賴的
13.simply adv 簡單地;僅僅,只不過
14.namely adv 即,也就是
15.not nearly = far from = nowhere near 遠非,遠遠不,一點也不
16.patient adj 耐心的;n 病人
17.plain adj 簡單的,樸素的
18.familiar adj 熟悉的
19.lucky adj 幸運的
20.amazing adj 令人驚異的
21.accidentally adv ①偶然地;意外地 ②附帶地
22.silent adj 沉默的
23.calm adj 平靜的,冷靜的
24.secret adj 秘密的
25.otherwise adv 否則
26.meanwhile adv 期間,同時
27.besides adv 除…..以外還有
28.efficient adj 高效的,有效的
29. flexible adj 靈活的
30.complex adj 復雜的
31.smooth adj 平穩(wěn)的,光滑的,順利的 32.regularly adv 定期的,有規(guī)律的
33.sensitive adj 敏感的,體貼的
34.honest adj 誠實的
35.confident adj 自信的
36.shy adj 害羞的,羞澀的
37.thoughtful adj ①深思的,沉思的②富有思想的;經(jīng)認真推敲的
38.lighthearted and optimistic adj 無憂無慮而且非常樂觀的
39.nevertheless adj 然而
40.private adj 私人的(private cars)
41.personal adj 個人的(personal belongings)
42.unique adj 的,獨一無二的;獨特的
43.favorable adj 贊同的,有利的
44.precious adj 寶貴的,珍貴
45.essential adj 必要的,重要的