世上的事，只要肯用心去學(xué)，沒有一件是太晚的。你只要記住你的今天比昨天進(jìn)步了一點(diǎn)，那么你離你的夢想也就更近了一步。整理了“2019年翻譯資格考試二級筆譯考前沖刺模擬題2”，歡迎閱讀參考！更多相關(guān)訊息請關(guān)注！
【Passage 1:英譯漢】
Many countries have adopted the principle of sustainable development it can combat environment deterioration in air quality, water quality and production in developing countries. Health education serves as a viable role for every member in the world. But some argue that it's a vague idea, some organizations may use it in its own interests, whether environmental or economic is the nature of interests. Others argue that sustainable development in developing countries overlook the local customs, habitude and people.
Whereas interdependence is desirable during times of peace, war necessitates competition and independence. Tariffs and importation limits strengthen a country's economic vitality while potentially weakening the economies of its enemies. Moreover, protectionism in the weapons industry is highly desirable during such circumstances because reliance on another state for armaments can be fatal.
For the most part, economists emphasize the negative effects of protectionism. It reduces international trade and raises prices for consumers. In addition, domestic firms that receive protection have less incentive to innovate. Although free trade puts uncompetitive firms out of business, the displaced workers and resources are ultimately allocated to other areas of the economy.
Imposing quotas is a method used to protect trade, since foreign companies cannot ship more products regardless of how low they set their prices. Countries that hope to help a new industry thrive locally often impose quotas on imported goods. They believe that such restrictions allow entities in the new industry to develop their own competitive advantages and produce the products efficiently.
Protectionism’s purpose is usually to create jobs for domestic workers. Companies that operate in industries protected by quotas hire workers locally. Another disadvantage of quotas is the reduction in the quality of products in the absence of competition from foreign companies. Without competition, local firms are less likely to invest in innovation and improve their products and services. Domestic sellers don’t have an incentive to enhance efficiency and lower their prices, and under such conditions, consumers eventually pay more for products and services they could receive from foreign competitors. As local companies lose competitiveness, they become pressured to outsource jobs. In the long-run, increasing protectionism commonly leads to layoffs and economic slowdown.
【參考譯文】
為應(yīng)對廣大發(fā)展中國家所面臨的環(huán)境惡化問題，保障空氣質(zhì)量、水質(zhì)和生產(chǎn)安全，許多國家紛紛制定可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。實(shí)踐證明，衛(wèi)生教育對推動(dòng)世界各國的發(fā)展具有切實(shí)可行性。但有人認(rèn)為，可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念不夠明晰，淪為部分組織謀取自身利益的工具，置環(huán)境或經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)面效應(yīng)于不顧。還有人認(rèn)為，發(fā)展中國家在實(shí)施可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略過程中，時(shí)常忽略民風(fēng)、民俗和民生問題。
在和平年代，各國之間相互依存、共謀發(fā)展，戰(zhàn)爭時(shí)期，各國又相互競爭，追求獨(dú)立。關(guān)稅和進(jìn)口限制政策有助于增強(qiáng)本國經(jīng)濟(jì)活力，同時(shí)削弱敵國的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長潛力。再者，戰(zhàn)爭時(shí)期，武器制造行業(yè)采取保護(hù)主義，可避免對外過度依賴，保護(hù)本國免遭受致命打擊。
經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家多半強(qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)主義的負(fù)面效應(yīng)，認(rèn)為保護(hù)主義不僅削弱了國際貿(mào)易，還抬升了消費(fèi)價(jià)格。不僅如此，在貿(mào)易保護(hù)傘下受到恩蔭的本土企業(yè)往往因此喪失了創(chuàng)新動(dòng)力。在自由貿(mào)易的浪潮下，盡管缺乏競爭力的公司多以破產(chǎn)收場，但因此失業(yè)的工人和閑置的資源，依然可以在其他經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域找到用武之地。
設(shè)定限額是貿(mào)易保護(hù)方式的一種，在此情況下，不論商品定價(jià)多低，國外企業(yè)得以進(jìn)駐市場的產(chǎn)品數(shù)量始終有限。各國通常會(huì)對進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品采取限額政策，以推動(dòng)本國新興產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，此類限制政策有助于新興產(chǎn)業(yè)實(shí)體充分提升自身競爭力及商品生產(chǎn)效率。
貿(mào)易主義政策通常旨在創(chuàng)造本土就業(yè)崗位。受益于限額政策的業(yè)內(nèi)公司通常只雇傭當(dāng)?shù)毓と?。限額消除了外國對手的競爭壓力，致使國內(nèi)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量有所下降，這是限額政策的另一缺點(diǎn)。缺少競爭對手的刺激，本土企業(yè)往往不再大力投入創(chuàng)新，產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)質(zhì)量也會(huì)大打折扣。國內(nèi)商家既不注重提升生產(chǎn)效率、也不推出價(jià)格優(yōu)惠措施，久而久之，消費(fèi)者們寧愿花費(fèi)更多錢財(cái)，去購買國外商家更勝一籌的產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)。而本土企業(yè)一旦喪失競爭力，就不得不外包產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)。從長遠(yuǎn)來看，保護(hù)主義盛行，通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致企業(yè)裁員，引起經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。
【Passage 2：漢譯英】
為應(yīng)對廣大發(fā)展中國家所面臨的環(huán)境惡化問題，保障空氣質(zhì)量、水質(zhì)和生產(chǎn)安全，許多國家紛紛制定可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。實(shí)踐證明，衛(wèi)生教育對推動(dòng)世界各國的發(fā)展具有切實(shí)可行性。但有人認(rèn)為，可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念不夠明晰，淪為部分組織謀取自身利益的工具，置環(huán)境或經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)面效應(yīng)于不顧。還有人認(rèn)為，發(fā)展中國家在實(shí)施可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略過程中，時(shí)常忽略民風(fēng)、民俗和民生問題。
在和平年代，各國之間相互依存、共謀發(fā)展，戰(zhàn)爭時(shí)期，各國又相互競爭，追求獨(dú)立。關(guān)稅和進(jìn)口限制政策有助于增強(qiáng)本國經(jīng)濟(jì)活力，同時(shí)削弱敵國的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長潛力。再者，戰(zhàn)爭時(shí)期，武器制造行業(yè)采取保護(hù)主義，可避免對外過度依賴，保護(hù)本國免遭受致命打擊。
經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家多半強(qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)主義的負(fù)面效應(yīng)，認(rèn)為保護(hù)主義不僅削弱了國際貿(mào)易，還抬升了消費(fèi)價(jià)格。不僅如此，在貿(mào)易保護(hù)傘下受到恩蔭的本土企業(yè)往往因此喪失了創(chuàng)新動(dòng)力。在自由貿(mào)易的浪潮下，盡管缺乏競爭力的公司多以破產(chǎn)收場，但因此失業(yè)的工人和閑置的資源，依然可以在其他經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域找到用武之地。
設(shè)定限額是貿(mào)易保護(hù)方式的一種，在此情況下，不論商品定價(jià)多低，國外企業(yè)得以進(jìn)駐市場的產(chǎn)品數(shù)量始終有限。各國通常會(huì)對進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品采取限額政策，以推動(dòng)本國新興產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，此類限制政策有助于新興產(chǎn)業(yè)實(shí)體充分提升自身競爭力及商品生產(chǎn)效率。
貿(mào)易主義政策通常旨在創(chuàng)造本土就業(yè)崗位。受益于限額政策的業(yè)內(nèi)公司通常只雇傭當(dāng)?shù)毓と恕Ｏ揞~消除了外國對手的競爭壓力，致使國內(nèi)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量有所下降，這是限額政策的另一缺點(diǎn)。缺少競爭對手的刺激，本土企業(yè)往往不再大力投入創(chuàng)新，產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)質(zhì)量也會(huì)大打折扣。國內(nèi)商家既不注重提升生產(chǎn)效率、也不推出價(jià)格優(yōu)惠措施，久而久之，消費(fèi)者們寧愿花費(fèi)更多錢財(cái)，去購買國外商家更勝一籌的產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)。而本土企業(yè)一旦喪失競爭力，就不得不外包產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)。從長遠(yuǎn)來看，保護(hù)主義盛行，通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致企業(yè)裁員，引起經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。
【參考譯文】
Many countries have adopted the principle of sustainable development it can combat environment deterioration in air quality, water quality and production in developing countries. Health education serves as a viable role for every member in the world. But some argue that it's a vague idea, some organizations may use it in its own interests, whether environmental or economic is the nature of interests. Others argue that sustainable development in developing countries overlook the local customs, habitude and people.
Whereas interdependence is desirable during times of peace, war necessitates competition and independence. Tariffs and importation limits strengthen a country's economic vitality while potentially weakening the economies of its enemies. Moreover, protectionism in the weapons industry is highly desirable during such circumstances because reliance on another state for armaments can be fatal.
For the most part, economists emphasize the negative effects of protectionism. It reduces international trade and raises prices for consumers. In addition, domestic firms that receive protection have less incentive to innovate. Although free trade puts uncompetitive firms out of business, the displaced workers and resources are ultimately allocated to other areas of the economy.
Imposing quotas is a method used to protect trade, since foreign companies cannot ship more products regardless of how low they set their prices. Countries that hope to help a new industry thrive locally often impose quotas on imported goods. They believe that such restrictions allow entities in the new industry to develop their own competitive advantages and produce the products efficiently.
Protectionism’s purpose is usually to create jobs for domestic workers. Companies that operate in industries protected by quotas hire workers locally. Another disadvantage of quotas is the reduction in the quality of products in the absence of competition from foreign companies. Without competition, local firms are less likely to invest in innovation and improve their products and services. Domestic sellers don’t have an incentive to enhance efficiency and lower their prices, and under such conditions, consumers eventually pay more for products and services they could receive from foreign competitors. As local companies lose competitiveness, they become pressured to outsource jobs. In the long-run, increasing protectionism commonly leads to layoffs and economic slowdown.
【Passage 1:英譯漢】
Many countries have adopted the principle of sustainable development it can combat environment deterioration in air quality, water quality and production in developing countries. Health education serves as a viable role for every member in the world. But some argue that it's a vague idea, some organizations may use it in its own interests, whether environmental or economic is the nature of interests. Others argue that sustainable development in developing countries overlook the local customs, habitude and people.
Whereas interdependence is desirable during times of peace, war necessitates competition and independence. Tariffs and importation limits strengthen a country's economic vitality while potentially weakening the economies of its enemies. Moreover, protectionism in the weapons industry is highly desirable during such circumstances because reliance on another state for armaments can be fatal.
For the most part, economists emphasize the negative effects of protectionism. It reduces international trade and raises prices for consumers. In addition, domestic firms that receive protection have less incentive to innovate. Although free trade puts uncompetitive firms out of business, the displaced workers and resources are ultimately allocated to other areas of the economy.
Imposing quotas is a method used to protect trade, since foreign companies cannot ship more products regardless of how low they set their prices. Countries that hope to help a new industry thrive locally often impose quotas on imported goods. They believe that such restrictions allow entities in the new industry to develop their own competitive advantages and produce the products efficiently.
Protectionism’s purpose is usually to create jobs for domestic workers. Companies that operate in industries protected by quotas hire workers locally. Another disadvantage of quotas is the reduction in the quality of products in the absence of competition from foreign companies. Without competition, local firms are less likely to invest in innovation and improve their products and services. Domestic sellers don’t have an incentive to enhance efficiency and lower their prices, and under such conditions, consumers eventually pay more for products and services they could receive from foreign competitors. As local companies lose competitiveness, they become pressured to outsource jobs. In the long-run, increasing protectionism commonly leads to layoffs and economic slowdown.
【參考譯文】
為應(yīng)對廣大發(fā)展中國家所面臨的環(huán)境惡化問題，保障空氣質(zhì)量、水質(zhì)和生產(chǎn)安全，許多國家紛紛制定可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。實(shí)踐證明，衛(wèi)生教育對推動(dòng)世界各國的發(fā)展具有切實(shí)可行性。但有人認(rèn)為，可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念不夠明晰，淪為部分組織謀取自身利益的工具，置環(huán)境或經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)面效應(yīng)于不顧。還有人認(rèn)為，發(fā)展中國家在實(shí)施可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略過程中，時(shí)常忽略民風(fēng)、民俗和民生問題。
在和平年代，各國之間相互依存、共謀發(fā)展，戰(zhàn)爭時(shí)期，各國又相互競爭，追求獨(dú)立。關(guān)稅和進(jìn)口限制政策有助于增強(qiáng)本國經(jīng)濟(jì)活力，同時(shí)削弱敵國的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長潛力。再者，戰(zhàn)爭時(shí)期，武器制造行業(yè)采取保護(hù)主義，可避免對外過度依賴，保護(hù)本國免遭受致命打擊。
經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家多半強(qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)主義的負(fù)面效應(yīng)，認(rèn)為保護(hù)主義不僅削弱了國際貿(mào)易，還抬升了消費(fèi)價(jià)格。不僅如此，在貿(mào)易保護(hù)傘下受到恩蔭的本土企業(yè)往往因此喪失了創(chuàng)新動(dòng)力。在自由貿(mào)易的浪潮下，盡管缺乏競爭力的公司多以破產(chǎn)收場，但因此失業(yè)的工人和閑置的資源，依然可以在其他經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域找到用武之地。
設(shè)定限額是貿(mào)易保護(hù)方式的一種，在此情況下，不論商品定價(jià)多低，國外企業(yè)得以進(jìn)駐市場的產(chǎn)品數(shù)量始終有限。各國通常會(huì)對進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品采取限額政策，以推動(dòng)本國新興產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，此類限制政策有助于新興產(chǎn)業(yè)實(shí)體充分提升自身競爭力及商品生產(chǎn)效率。
貿(mào)易主義政策通常旨在創(chuàng)造本土就業(yè)崗位。受益于限額政策的業(yè)內(nèi)公司通常只雇傭當(dāng)?shù)毓と?。限額消除了外國對手的競爭壓力，致使國內(nèi)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量有所下降，這是限額政策的另一缺點(diǎn)。缺少競爭對手的刺激，本土企業(yè)往往不再大力投入創(chuàng)新，產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)質(zhì)量也會(huì)大打折扣。國內(nèi)商家既不注重提升生產(chǎn)效率、也不推出價(jià)格優(yōu)惠措施，久而久之，消費(fèi)者們寧愿花費(fèi)更多錢財(cái)，去購買國外商家更勝一籌的產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)。而本土企業(yè)一旦喪失競爭力，就不得不外包產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)。從長遠(yuǎn)來看，保護(hù)主義盛行，通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致企業(yè)裁員，引起經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。
【Passage 2：漢譯英】
為應(yīng)對廣大發(fā)展中國家所面臨的環(huán)境惡化問題，保障空氣質(zhì)量、水質(zhì)和生產(chǎn)安全，許多國家紛紛制定可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。實(shí)踐證明，衛(wèi)生教育對推動(dòng)世界各國的發(fā)展具有切實(shí)可行性。但有人認(rèn)為，可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念不夠明晰，淪為部分組織謀取自身利益的工具，置環(huán)境或經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)面效應(yīng)于不顧。還有人認(rèn)為，發(fā)展中國家在實(shí)施可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略過程中，時(shí)常忽略民風(fēng)、民俗和民生問題。
在和平年代，各國之間相互依存、共謀發(fā)展，戰(zhàn)爭時(shí)期，各國又相互競爭，追求獨(dú)立。關(guān)稅和進(jìn)口限制政策有助于增強(qiáng)本國經(jīng)濟(jì)活力，同時(shí)削弱敵國的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長潛力。再者，戰(zhàn)爭時(shí)期，武器制造行業(yè)采取保護(hù)主義，可避免對外過度依賴，保護(hù)本國免遭受致命打擊。
經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家多半強(qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)主義的負(fù)面效應(yīng)，認(rèn)為保護(hù)主義不僅削弱了國際貿(mào)易，還抬升了消費(fèi)價(jià)格。不僅如此，在貿(mào)易保護(hù)傘下受到恩蔭的本土企業(yè)往往因此喪失了創(chuàng)新動(dòng)力。在自由貿(mào)易的浪潮下，盡管缺乏競爭力的公司多以破產(chǎn)收場，但因此失業(yè)的工人和閑置的資源，依然可以在其他經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域找到用武之地。
設(shè)定限額是貿(mào)易保護(hù)方式的一種，在此情況下，不論商品定價(jià)多低，國外企業(yè)得以進(jìn)駐市場的產(chǎn)品數(shù)量始終有限。各國通常會(huì)對進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品采取限額政策，以推動(dòng)本國新興產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，此類限制政策有助于新興產(chǎn)業(yè)實(shí)體充分提升自身競爭力及商品生產(chǎn)效率。
貿(mào)易主義政策通常旨在創(chuàng)造本土就業(yè)崗位。受益于限額政策的業(yè)內(nèi)公司通常只雇傭當(dāng)?shù)毓と恕Ｏ揞~消除了外國對手的競爭壓力，致使國內(nèi)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量有所下降，這是限額政策的另一缺點(diǎn)。缺少競爭對手的刺激，本土企業(yè)往往不再大力投入創(chuàng)新，產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)質(zhì)量也會(huì)大打折扣。國內(nèi)商家既不注重提升生產(chǎn)效率、也不推出價(jià)格優(yōu)惠措施，久而久之，消費(fèi)者們寧愿花費(fèi)更多錢財(cái)，去購買國外商家更勝一籌的產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)。而本土企業(yè)一旦喪失競爭力，就不得不外包產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)。從長遠(yuǎn)來看，保護(hù)主義盛行，通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致企業(yè)裁員，引起經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。
【參考譯文】
Many countries have adopted the principle of sustainable development it can combat environment deterioration in air quality, water quality and production in developing countries. Health education serves as a viable role for every member in the world. But some argue that it's a vague idea, some organizations may use it in its own interests, whether environmental or economic is the nature of interests. Others argue that sustainable development in developing countries overlook the local customs, habitude and people.
Whereas interdependence is desirable during times of peace, war necessitates competition and independence. Tariffs and importation limits strengthen a country's economic vitality while potentially weakening the economies of its enemies. Moreover, protectionism in the weapons industry is highly desirable during such circumstances because reliance on another state for armaments can be fatal.
For the most part, economists emphasize the negative effects of protectionism. It reduces international trade and raises prices for consumers. In addition, domestic firms that receive protection have less incentive to innovate. Although free trade puts uncompetitive firms out of business, the displaced workers and resources are ultimately allocated to other areas of the economy.
Imposing quotas is a method used to protect trade, since foreign companies cannot ship more products regardless of how low they set their prices. Countries that hope to help a new industry thrive locally often impose quotas on imported goods. They believe that such restrictions allow entities in the new industry to develop their own competitive advantages and produce the products efficiently.
Protectionism’s purpose is usually to create jobs for domestic workers. Companies that operate in industries protected by quotas hire workers locally. Another disadvantage of quotas is the reduction in the quality of products in the absence of competition from foreign companies. Without competition, local firms are less likely to invest in innovation and improve their products and services. Domestic sellers don’t have an incentive to enhance efficiency and lower their prices, and under such conditions, consumers eventually pay more for products and services they could receive from foreign competitors. As local companies lose competitiveness, they become pressured to outsource jobs. In the long-run, increasing protectionism commonly leads to layoffs and economic slowdown.