高考英語聽力測(cè)試部分在整套試題中占有重要地位。它要求考生從頭到尾按順序往下聽，在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)做出選擇，沒有“回頭看”的余地。多年的高三教學(xué)工作筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生長(zhǎng)期進(jìn)行聽力訓(xùn)練并且掌握一些基本的聽力應(yīng)試技巧，對(duì)于在考場(chǎng)上正常發(fā)揮水平，取得理想的成績(jī)尤為重要。下面就結(jié)合近幾年的高考英語聽力試題介紹一些應(yīng)試技巧和解題的基本方法。
一、學(xué)會(huì)預(yù)測(cè) 預(yù)測(cè)是在做聽力理解之前根據(jù)各種暗示，如所給答案選項(xiàng)，段落或?qū)υ挊?biāo)題等已有知識(shí)，對(duì)即將聽到的段落或?qū)υ拑?nèi)容進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)。
1. 從答案選項(xiàng)中預(yù)測(cè)：
Q: What does Tom do?
A. He’s a truck driver. B. He’s a ship captain. C. He’s a pilot.
錄音原文： W: Tom flew to Anchorage last night, then took some passengers from there to Dallas . M: Yeah, but he couldn't land because the airport in Dallas was snowed in. 從選項(xiàng)看，問題應(yīng)是關(guān)于職業(yè)方面的，再從flew, passengers, airport這些信息詞中可知道Tom的職業(yè)。
2. 從說話人口氣預(yù)測(cè)：
在A,B兩人的對(duì)話中，如果B是附和或贊成，往往說“Yes”，“I agree”，“Sure”，“I think so”等。但如A用否定句，B表同意時(shí)則用“No”，“Neither / Nor?”等。
例如： A: Harvey doesn't seem to fit into this class. B: No, he is really a fish out of water.
二、做簡(jiǎn)要筆記 聽錄音時(shí)快速，準(zhǔn)確，簡(jiǎn)要地記下有關(guān)信息(包括數(shù)字，人名，地名，關(guān)鍵詞)，前提是不要影響跟聽速度，采用自己習(xí)慣的符號(hào)。
例：How much will the man pay for the tickets?
A.$18 B. $24 C. $30
原文：W: Tickets for the movie are $ 6 for adults, half price for children. M: All right, I’d like three tickets for adults and two tickets for children, please. 筆記可簡(jiǎn)化為：$ 6 A(A代表adult)，C代表children,3A+2C或6 A(3)+ half C(2)
三、聽清數(shù)據(jù)，簡(jiǎn)要記錄，加以運(yùn)算。
在獲取時(shí)間信息時(shí)，不要誤把會(huì)話中提到的時(shí)間簡(jiǎn)單確定為問題的答案。高考聽力考查時(shí)間時(shí)往往要進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的時(shí)間換算。
At what time does the train to Leeds leave?
A. 3:00 B. 3:15 C. 5:00
錄音原文： W: Excuse me, could you tell me when the next train to Manchester is? M: Sure. Well, it's 3 now. The next train to Manchester leaves in 2 hours, but you can take the train to Leeds which leaves in 15 minutes, and then get off at Manchester on the way. 對(duì)話中提到了三個(gè)時(shí)間It's 3 now, in 2 hours，in 15 minutes.
現(xiàn)在是3點(diǎn)，開往Manchester的火車要兩小時(shí)后才開，即The train to Manchester leaves in 2 hours。若簡(jiǎn)單機(jī)械地把3點(diǎn)和2點(diǎn)相加，會(huì)得出火車5點(diǎn)才開的錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)C。
數(shù)字類問題分辨別類和計(jì)算類兩種：
1. 要注意區(qū)分-teen和-ty及four和five的發(fā)音;辨別多位數(shù)，如電話號(hào)碼，門牌等
2. 計(jì)算時(shí)間，錢款，距離，年齡，人或物的數(shù)量等;聽出數(shù)字間的關(guān)系，更要聽清問題，因?yàn)閷?duì)運(yùn)算方法的要求通常寓于問題中;注意more, less, as much(many)as, another, double, a couple of; to, past, quarter; 記住時(shí)間是60進(jìn)制 如出現(xiàn)幾個(gè)數(shù)字，應(yīng)注意鑒別問的是那一個(gè)。
例：At what time does the office open?
A. At 8:15 B. At 8:30 C. At 7:45
從常識(shí)判斷，辦公時(shí)間往往以整點(diǎn)開始，而不會(huì)在幾點(diǎn)幾分。
聽力原文：M: I wonder why the office is still not open. W: But it's not yet eight. In fact, it's only a quarter to eight.
四、抓住關(guān)鍵詞，對(duì)癥下藥
聽力考試常出現(xiàn)以Where提問的問句，考生要通過對(duì)話的具體情節(jié)和背景判斷對(duì)話發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)。一般來說，特定場(chǎng)景的用語和關(guān)鍵詞是基本固定的，考生要對(duì)此多了解，熟悉明白。在遇到Where does the conversation take place?/ Where does sb. work? What’s his job?之類的問題時(shí)，就會(huì)派上用場(chǎng)。
一、學(xué)會(huì)預(yù)測(cè) 預(yù)測(cè)是在做聽力理解之前根據(jù)各種暗示，如所給答案選項(xiàng)，段落或?qū)υ挊?biāo)題等已有知識(shí)，對(duì)即將聽到的段落或?qū)υ拑?nèi)容進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)。
1. 從答案選項(xiàng)中預(yù)測(cè)：
Q: What does Tom do?
A. He’s a truck driver. B. He’s a ship captain. C. He’s a pilot.
錄音原文： W: Tom flew to Anchorage last night, then took some passengers from there to Dallas . M: Yeah, but he couldn't land because the airport in Dallas was snowed in. 從選項(xiàng)看，問題應(yīng)是關(guān)于職業(yè)方面的，再從flew, passengers, airport這些信息詞中可知道Tom的職業(yè)。
2. 從說話人口氣預(yù)測(cè)：
在A,B兩人的對(duì)話中，如果B是附和或贊成，往往說“Yes”，“I agree”，“Sure”，“I think so”等。但如A用否定句，B表同意時(shí)則用“No”，“Neither / Nor?”等。
例如： A: Harvey doesn't seem to fit into this class. B: No, he is really a fish out of water.
二、做簡(jiǎn)要筆記 聽錄音時(shí)快速，準(zhǔn)確，簡(jiǎn)要地記下有關(guān)信息(包括數(shù)字，人名，地名，關(guān)鍵詞)，前提是不要影響跟聽速度，采用自己習(xí)慣的符號(hào)。
例：How much will the man pay for the tickets?
A.$18 B. $24 C. $30
原文：W: Tickets for the movie are $ 6 for adults, half price for children. M: All right, I’d like three tickets for adults and two tickets for children, please. 筆記可簡(jiǎn)化為：$ 6 A(A代表adult)，C代表children,3A+2C或6 A(3)+ half C(2)
三、聽清數(shù)據(jù)，簡(jiǎn)要記錄，加以運(yùn)算。
在獲取時(shí)間信息時(shí)，不要誤把會(huì)話中提到的時(shí)間簡(jiǎn)單確定為問題的答案。高考聽力考查時(shí)間時(shí)往往要進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的時(shí)間換算。
At what time does the train to Leeds leave?
A. 3:00 B. 3:15 C. 5:00
錄音原文： W: Excuse me, could you tell me when the next train to Manchester is? M: Sure. Well, it's 3 now. The next train to Manchester leaves in 2 hours, but you can take the train to Leeds which leaves in 15 minutes, and then get off at Manchester on the way. 對(duì)話中提到了三個(gè)時(shí)間It's 3 now, in 2 hours，in 15 minutes.
現(xiàn)在是3點(diǎn)，開往Manchester的火車要兩小時(shí)后才開，即The train to Manchester leaves in 2 hours。若簡(jiǎn)單機(jī)械地把3點(diǎn)和2點(diǎn)相加，會(huì)得出火車5點(diǎn)才開的錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)C。
數(shù)字類問題分辨別類和計(jì)算類兩種：
1. 要注意區(qū)分-teen和-ty及four和five的發(fā)音;辨別多位數(shù)，如電話號(hào)碼，門牌等
2. 計(jì)算時(shí)間，錢款，距離，年齡，人或物的數(shù)量等;聽出數(shù)字間的關(guān)系，更要聽清問題，因?yàn)閷?duì)運(yùn)算方法的要求通常寓于問題中;注意more, less, as much(many)as, another, double, a couple of; to, past, quarter; 記住時(shí)間是60進(jìn)制 如出現(xiàn)幾個(gè)數(shù)字，應(yīng)注意鑒別問的是那一個(gè)。
例：At what time does the office open?
A. At 8:15 B. At 8:30 C. At 7:45
從常識(shí)判斷，辦公時(shí)間往往以整點(diǎn)開始，而不會(huì)在幾點(diǎn)幾分。
聽力原文：M: I wonder why the office is still not open. W: But it's not yet eight. In fact, it's only a quarter to eight.
四、抓住關(guān)鍵詞，對(duì)癥下藥
聽力考試常出現(xiàn)以Where提問的問句，考生要通過對(duì)話的具體情節(jié)和背景判斷對(duì)話發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)。一般來說，特定場(chǎng)景的用語和關(guān)鍵詞是基本固定的，考生要對(duì)此多了解，熟悉明白。在遇到Where does the conversation take place?/ Where does sb. work? What’s his job?之類的問題時(shí)，就會(huì)派上用場(chǎng)。