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【篇一】2021年上半年英語四級(jí)語法用法講解
一、用作及物動(dòng)詞
1. 意為"保存;保留;保持;保守"。如：
could you keep these letters for me, please? 你能替我保存這些信嗎?
i'll keep a seat for you.我給你留個(gè)座位。
it can help to keep vegetables, fruit and meat for a long time in hot summer. 在炎熱的夏天，它有助于蔬菜、水果和肉類長(zhǎng)時(shí)間保鮮。
can you keep a secret? 你能保守秘密嗎?
2. 意為"照顧;養(yǎng)活"等。如：
she kept her sister for a week while her sister was ill.她妹妹有病時(shí)，她照看她了一個(gè)星期。
i have a family to keep.我得養(yǎng)活一家人。
3. 意為"留下;不必還"。如：
you can keep the pen if you like it.你要是喜歡就把鋼筆留下吧。
keep the change.不用找零錢了。
4. 意為"遵守;維護(hù)"。如：
everyone must keep the rules. 人人必須遵守規(guī)章制度。
the teacher is keeping order in class.老師正在課堂上維持秩序。
5. 意為"售;賣"。如：
the shop keeps everything you need.那家商店里出售的東西應(yīng)有盡有。
he keeps everything you will drink.他出售你想喝的各種飲料。
6. 意為"記(日記、帳等)"。如：
she keeps a diary every day.她堅(jiān)持每天記日記。
he keeps exact accounts of the money he spends and a diary of the events of his holidays.他詳細(xì)地記載他所花的錢數(shù)和假期中所發(fā)生的事情。
7. 意為"使……保持某種(狀態(tài)、位置或動(dòng)作等)"。這時(shí)要在keep的賓語后接補(bǔ)足語，構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。其中賓語補(bǔ)足語通常由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞等充當(dāng)。如：
we should keep our classroom clean and tidy.(形容詞)我們應(yīng)保持教室整潔干凈。
you'd better keep the child away from the fire.(副詞)你好讓孩子離火遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)。
the bad weather keeps us inside the house.(介詞短語)壞天氣使我們不能出門。
don't keep me waiting for long.(現(xiàn)在分詞)別讓我等太久。
the other students in the class keep their eyes closed.(過去分詞)班上其他同學(xué)都閉著眼睛。
二、用作連系動(dòng)詞
構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)：keep+表語，意為"保持，繼續(xù)(處于某種狀態(tài))"。其中表語可用形容詞、副詞、介詞短語等充當(dāng)。如：
you must look after yourself and keep healthy.(形容詞)你必須照顧好自己，保持身體健康。
keep off the grass.(副詞)請(qǐng)勿踐踏草地。
traffic in britain keeps to the left.(介詞短語)英國(guó)的交通是靠左邊行駛的。
注意：一般情況下，keep后接形容詞較為多見。再如：
she knew she must keep calm.她知道她必須保持鎮(zhèn)靜。
please keep silent in class.課堂上請(qǐng)保持安靜。
三、與介詞或副詞搭配，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語
1.keep away意為"(使)離開;(使)不接近"，其后常接介詞from。如：
would you keep your dog away from my boy, please? 請(qǐng)把狗拉得離我孩子遠(yuǎn)點(diǎn)好嗎?
keep everybody away from the accident.人人遠(yuǎn)離事故!
2.keep back意為"阻止;留在后面"。如：
she sat down quietly, but she couldn't keep
back her tears.她靜靜地坐下來，卻忍不住流下了眼淚。
3.keep together意為"在一起;動(dòng)作協(xié)調(diào)"。如：
keep together, please.請(qǐng)聚在一起。
the eight men kept together during the boat race as though they were one.賽船時(shí)，這8個(gè)人動(dòng)作協(xié)調(diào)，好像一個(gè)人似的。
4.keep up意為"持續(xù);使不低落"。如：
the noise kept up all night.噪音整夜持續(xù)著。
to keep your strength up, eat well and get enough sleep.為了保持力氣，要吃好、睡足。
5.keep up with意為"跟上;和……來往"。如：
i'm trying my best to keep up with the others in class.我正在設(shè)法趕上班里的其他人。
do you still keep up with tom? 你和湯姆還有聯(lián)系嗎?
6.keep...in mind意為"把……記在心里"。如：
the teacher asked us to keep these sentences in mind.老師要我們把這些句子記在心里。
四、含keep的常用句型
1.keep doing sth. 意為"繼續(xù)干某事"，表示不間斷地持續(xù)干某事，keep后不能接不定式或表示靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)的v-ing形式，而必須接延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞。如：
he kept working all day, because he wanted to finish the work on time.他整天都在不停地工作，因?yàn)樗霚?zhǔn)時(shí)完成工作。
keep passing the ball to each other, and you'll be ok.堅(jiān)持互相傳球，你們就行。
2.keep on doing sth. 意為"持續(xù)做某事"。如：
the pupil kept on asking me the same question.這個(gè)學(xué)生不斷地問我同一個(gè)問題。
i kept on thinking about the match in the afternoon.我總是想起下午的那場(chǎng)比賽。
3. keep...from doing sth.意為"阻止/防止……做某事"。如：
the heavy snow kept us from going out.大雪使我們不能出去。
【篇二】2021年上半年英語四級(jí)語法用法講解
few / a few用來修飾可數(shù)名詞，few表示否定意義，沒有，幾乎沒有;
他這里沒朋友，他感覺寂寞。
He has few friends here, he feels lonely.
a few表示有肯定意思， 有幾個(gè)。 例如：
There are a few eggs in the basket.籃子里有幾個(gè)雞蛋。
little / a little用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞，little表示否定意思，沒有，幾乎沒有。
a little 表示肯定意思，有一點(diǎn)兒。 例如：
There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a
little ink?
我的瓶子里沒有墨水了，你能給我點(diǎn)兒墨水嗎?
[考考你]
1. My father has many
books, but he has_____ English books.
A. little B. a little C. few D.
a few Answer
2. The twins can speak only ___ French.
A. a few B.
few C. little D. a little Answer
[辯析]
1. few 與 little
作形容詞用，都表示“幾乎沒有”，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)否定詞。具體區(qū)別：
(1) few 后面跟復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。 e.g. few books few
students
(2) little 后面跟單數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞。 e.g. little water little food
e.g. He
has few friends. 他沒有幾個(gè)朋友。
They has little money. 他們沒有什麼錢
2. a few 與 a
little 都表示肯定的意思，指“有一點(diǎn)，有一些”。具體區(qū)別：
(1) a few 后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)
(2)a little
后加不可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。
e.g. I'm going to buy a few bananas.
I can speak only a
little Chinese.
3. a little 與 little 也可以用作副詞， 表示“有點(diǎn)”“稍稍” 表示“很少”
e.g.
----Can you speak English?
----Yes, but only a little.
This book is a
little more difficult than that one.
( 可修飾形容詞比較級(jí))
She slept little last
night. 昨天晚上，她沒有怎么睡覺。
【篇三】2021年上半年英語四級(jí)語法用法講解
動(dòng)詞suggest有如下一些用法:
一、 有"建議"的意思.advise, propose 也有此義,請(qǐng)比較它們用法的異同:
1) 都可接名詞作賓語
She suggested / advised / proposed an early start. 她建議早一點(diǎn)出發(fā).
We suggested / advised / proposed a visit to the museum the next day. 我們建議明天去參觀博物館.
2) 都可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語
I suggested / advised / proposed putting off the sports meet. 我建議將運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)延期.
They suggested / advised / proposed waiting until the proper time. 他們建議(我們)等到恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)機(jī)才行動(dòng).
3) 都可接that 賓語從句,that從句用should+動(dòng)詞原形,should可以省略.
She suggested / advised / proposed that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday. 她建議班會(huì)不要在星期六舉行.
We suggested / advised / proposed that he (should) go and make an apology to his teacher. 我們建議他去向老師道歉.
4) advise 可接動(dòng)詞不定式復(fù)合賓語,propose 可接不定式作賓語.
I advised him to give up the foolish idea. = I suggested / proposed his / him giving up the foolish idea. 我建議他放棄那愚蠢的念頭.(suggest和propose在口語里可接動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合賓語).
We proposed to start early. = We proposed starting early. 我們建議早一點(diǎn)出發(fā).(接不定式不用suggest和advise)
二、 有"提出"的意思.如:
He suggested a different plan to his boss. 他向老板提出了一個(gè)不同的計(jì)劃.
Xiao Wang suggested a way to solve the problem. 小王提出了一個(gè)解決這個(gè)問題的辦法.
三、 有"暗示、表明"的意思.其主語往往是事物,而不是人.
1)接名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語.
The simple house suggested a modest income. 這座簡(jiǎn)樸的房子表明(房主的)收入并不高.
Her pale face suggested bad health. 她臉色蒼白,看來身體不好.
The thought of summer suggests swimming. 一想到夏天就使人們聯(lián)想到游泳.
2)接賓語從句,從句用陳述語氣.如:
The decision suggested that he might bring his family. 這個(gè)決定表明他可以把家屬帶來.
The expression on his face suggested that he was very angry. 他臉上的表情表明他很生氣.
四、 在主語從句It is suggested that... 及名詞suggestion 后面表示具體建議的表語從句、同位語從句都應(yīng)用should+動(dòng)詞原形,should可以省略.如:
It was suggested that we (should) give a performance at the party. 人們建議我們?cè)谕頃?huì)上表演節(jié)目.
His suggestion was that the debts (should) be paid off first. 他的建議是先把債務(wù)還清.
The doctors made a suggestion that the new hospital (should) not be set up on the hill. 醫(yī)生們建議不要把新醫(yī)院建在山上.
【篇一】2021年上半年英語四級(jí)語法用法講解
一、用作及物動(dòng)詞
1. 意為"保存;保留;保持;保守"。如：
could you keep these letters for me, please? 你能替我保存這些信嗎?
i'll keep a seat for you.我給你留個(gè)座位。
it can help to keep vegetables, fruit and meat for a long time in hot summer. 在炎熱的夏天，它有助于蔬菜、水果和肉類長(zhǎng)時(shí)間保鮮。
can you keep a secret? 你能保守秘密嗎?
2. 意為"照顧;養(yǎng)活"等。如：
she kept her sister for a week while her sister was ill.她妹妹有病時(shí)，她照看她了一個(gè)星期。
i have a family to keep.我得養(yǎng)活一家人。
3. 意為"留下;不必還"。如：
you can keep the pen if you like it.你要是喜歡就把鋼筆留下吧。
keep the change.不用找零錢了。
4. 意為"遵守;維護(hù)"。如：
everyone must keep the rules. 人人必須遵守規(guī)章制度。
the teacher is keeping order in class.老師正在課堂上維持秩序。
5. 意為"售;賣"。如：
the shop keeps everything you need.那家商店里出售的東西應(yīng)有盡有。
he keeps everything you will drink.他出售你想喝的各種飲料。
6. 意為"記(日記、帳等)"。如：
she keeps a diary every day.她堅(jiān)持每天記日記。
he keeps exact accounts of the money he spends and a diary of the events of his holidays.他詳細(xì)地記載他所花的錢數(shù)和假期中所發(fā)生的事情。
7. 意為"使……保持某種(狀態(tài)、位置或動(dòng)作等)"。這時(shí)要在keep的賓語后接補(bǔ)足語，構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。其中賓語補(bǔ)足語通常由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞等充當(dāng)。如：
we should keep our classroom clean and tidy.(形容詞)我們應(yīng)保持教室整潔干凈。
you'd better keep the child away from the fire.(副詞)你好讓孩子離火遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)。
the bad weather keeps us inside the house.(介詞短語)壞天氣使我們不能出門。
don't keep me waiting for long.(現(xiàn)在分詞)別讓我等太久。
the other students in the class keep their eyes closed.(過去分詞)班上其他同學(xué)都閉著眼睛。
二、用作連系動(dòng)詞
構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)：keep+表語，意為"保持，繼續(xù)(處于某種狀態(tài))"。其中表語可用形容詞、副詞、介詞短語等充當(dāng)。如：
you must look after yourself and keep healthy.(形容詞)你必須照顧好自己，保持身體健康。
keep off the grass.(副詞)請(qǐng)勿踐踏草地。
traffic in britain keeps to the left.(介詞短語)英國(guó)的交通是靠左邊行駛的。
注意：一般情況下，keep后接形容詞較為多見。再如：
she knew she must keep calm.她知道她必須保持鎮(zhèn)靜。
please keep silent in class.課堂上請(qǐng)保持安靜。
三、與介詞或副詞搭配，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語
1.keep away意為"(使)離開;(使)不接近"，其后常接介詞from。如：
would you keep your dog away from my boy, please? 請(qǐng)把狗拉得離我孩子遠(yuǎn)點(diǎn)好嗎?
keep everybody away from the accident.人人遠(yuǎn)離事故!
2.keep back意為"阻止;留在后面"。如：
she sat down quietly, but she couldn't keep
back her tears.她靜靜地坐下來，卻忍不住流下了眼淚。
3.keep together意為"在一起;動(dòng)作協(xié)調(diào)"。如：
keep together, please.請(qǐng)聚在一起。
the eight men kept together during the boat race as though they were one.賽船時(shí)，這8個(gè)人動(dòng)作協(xié)調(diào)，好像一個(gè)人似的。
4.keep up意為"持續(xù);使不低落"。如：
the noise kept up all night.噪音整夜持續(xù)著。
to keep your strength up, eat well and get enough sleep.為了保持力氣，要吃好、睡足。
5.keep up with意為"跟上;和……來往"。如：
i'm trying my best to keep up with the others in class.我正在設(shè)法趕上班里的其他人。
do you still keep up with tom? 你和湯姆還有聯(lián)系嗎?
6.keep...in mind意為"把……記在心里"。如：
the teacher asked us to keep these sentences in mind.老師要我們把這些句子記在心里。
四、含keep的常用句型
1.keep doing sth. 意為"繼續(xù)干某事"，表示不間斷地持續(xù)干某事，keep后不能接不定式或表示靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)的v-ing形式，而必須接延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞。如：
he kept working all day, because he wanted to finish the work on time.他整天都在不停地工作，因?yàn)樗霚?zhǔn)時(shí)完成工作。
keep passing the ball to each other, and you'll be ok.堅(jiān)持互相傳球，你們就行。
2.keep on doing sth. 意為"持續(xù)做某事"。如：
the pupil kept on asking me the same question.這個(gè)學(xué)生不斷地問我同一個(gè)問題。
i kept on thinking about the match in the afternoon.我總是想起下午的那場(chǎng)比賽。
3. keep...from doing sth.意為"阻止/防止……做某事"。如：
the heavy snow kept us from going out.大雪使我們不能出去。
【篇二】2021年上半年英語四級(jí)語法用法講解
few / a few用來修飾可數(shù)名詞，few表示否定意義，沒有，幾乎沒有;
他這里沒朋友，他感覺寂寞。
He has few friends here, he feels lonely.
a few表示有肯定意思， 有幾個(gè)。 例如：
There are a few eggs in the basket.籃子里有幾個(gè)雞蛋。
little / a little用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞，little表示否定意思，沒有，幾乎沒有。
a little 表示肯定意思，有一點(diǎn)兒。 例如：
There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a
little ink?
我的瓶子里沒有墨水了，你能給我點(diǎn)兒墨水嗎?
[考考你]
1. My father has many
books, but he has_____ English books.
A. little B. a little C. few D.
a few Answer
2. The twins can speak only ___ French.
A. a few B.
few C. little D. a little Answer
[辯析]
1. few 與 little
作形容詞用，都表示“幾乎沒有”，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)否定詞。具體區(qū)別：
(1) few 后面跟復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。 e.g. few books few
students
(2) little 后面跟單數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞。 e.g. little water little food
e.g. He
has few friends. 他沒有幾個(gè)朋友。
They has little money. 他們沒有什麼錢
2. a few 與 a
little 都表示肯定的意思，指“有一點(diǎn)，有一些”。具體區(qū)別：
(1) a few 后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)
(2)a little
后加不可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。
e.g. I'm going to buy a few bananas.
I can speak only a
little Chinese.
3. a little 與 little 也可以用作副詞， 表示“有點(diǎn)”“稍稍” 表示“很少”
e.g.
----Can you speak English?
----Yes, but only a little.
This book is a
little more difficult than that one.
( 可修飾形容詞比較級(jí))
She slept little last
night. 昨天晚上，她沒有怎么睡覺。
【篇三】2021年上半年英語四級(jí)語法用法講解
動(dòng)詞suggest有如下一些用法:
一、 有"建議"的意思.advise, propose 也有此義,請(qǐng)比較它們用法的異同:
1) 都可接名詞作賓語
She suggested / advised / proposed an early start. 她建議早一點(diǎn)出發(fā).
We suggested / advised / proposed a visit to the museum the next day. 我們建議明天去參觀博物館.
2) 都可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語
I suggested / advised / proposed putting off the sports meet. 我建議將運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)延期.
They suggested / advised / proposed waiting until the proper time. 他們建議(我們)等到恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)機(jī)才行動(dòng).
3) 都可接that 賓語從句,that從句用should+動(dòng)詞原形,should可以省略.
She suggested / advised / proposed that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday. 她建議班會(huì)不要在星期六舉行.
We suggested / advised / proposed that he (should) go and make an apology to his teacher. 我們建議他去向老師道歉.
4) advise 可接動(dòng)詞不定式復(fù)合賓語,propose 可接不定式作賓語.
I advised him to give up the foolish idea. = I suggested / proposed his / him giving up the foolish idea. 我建議他放棄那愚蠢的念頭.(suggest和propose在口語里可接動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合賓語).
We proposed to start early. = We proposed starting early. 我們建議早一點(diǎn)出發(fā).(接不定式不用suggest和advise)
二、 有"提出"的意思.如:
He suggested a different plan to his boss. 他向老板提出了一個(gè)不同的計(jì)劃.
Xiao Wang suggested a way to solve the problem. 小王提出了一個(gè)解決這個(gè)問題的辦法.
三、 有"暗示、表明"的意思.其主語往往是事物,而不是人.
1)接名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語.
The simple house suggested a modest income. 這座簡(jiǎn)樸的房子表明(房主的)收入并不高.
Her pale face suggested bad health. 她臉色蒼白,看來身體不好.
The thought of summer suggests swimming. 一想到夏天就使人們聯(lián)想到游泳.
2)接賓語從句,從句用陳述語氣.如:
The decision suggested that he might bring his family. 這個(gè)決定表明他可以把家屬帶來.
The expression on his face suggested that he was very angry. 他臉上的表情表明他很生氣.
四、 在主語從句It is suggested that... 及名詞suggestion 后面表示具體建議的表語從句、同位語從句都應(yīng)用should+動(dòng)詞原形,should可以省略.如:
It was suggested that we (should) give a performance at the party. 人們建議我們?cè)谕頃?huì)上表演節(jié)目.
His suggestion was that the debts (should) be paid off first. 他的建議是先把債務(wù)還清.
The doctors made a suggestion that the new hospital (should) not be set up on the hill. 醫(yī)生們建議不要把新醫(yī)院建在山上.